Abstract: The technology and implementations disclosed in this patent document generally relate to a lithium secondary battery including: a first unit cell including a first anode including a 1-1 anode mixture layer and a 1-2 anode mixture layer on the 1-1 anode mixture layer, and a second unit cell including a second anode including a 2-1 anode mixture layer and a 2-2 anode mixture layer on the 2-1 anode mixture layer, wherein a weight ratio of the silicon-based active material in the 1-2 anode mixture layer is greater than a weight ratio of the silicon-based active material in the 1-1 anode mixture layer, and a weight ratio of the silicon-based active material in the 2-2 anode mixture layer is less than or equal to a weight ratio of the silicon-based active material in the 2-1 anode mixture layer.

Abstract: An anode for a lithium secondary battery includes an anode current collector, and an anode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the anode current collector. The anode active material layer includes a carbon-based active material, a first silicon-based active material doped with magnesium and a second silicon-based active material not doped with magnesium. A content of the first silicon-based active material is in a range from 2 wt % to 20 wt % based on a total weight of the anode active material layer.

Abstract: In some implementations, the anode includes a current collector, a first anode mixture layer formed on at least one surface of the current collector, and a second anode mixture layer formed on the first anode mixture layer. The first anode mixture layer and the second anode mixture layer include a carbon-based active material, respectively. The first anode mixture layer includes a first binder, a first silicon-based active material, and a first conductive material. The second anode mixture layer includes a second binder, a second silicon-based active material, and a second conductive material. Contents of the first conductive material and the second conductive material are different from each other with respect to the total combined weight of the first anode mixture layer and the second anode mixture layer. Types of the first silicon-based active material and the second silicon-based active material are different from each other.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation reaction, a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation reaction, and a method for manufacturing butadiene using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of using a methane gas to recover tin with high purity and to produce hydrogen at once, and the method uses the methane reduction technique that combines the two different processes of tin recovery and hydrogen production, thereby recovering tin with high purity from a methane gas and a tin oxide according to the methane reduction technique stably without emission of environmental pollutants, such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, etc., and also producing hydrogen available as a new energy resource. Further, the present invention enables the recycling of waste materials containing tin oxides generated in all kinds of industries to prevent environmental contaminations and to offer solutions to the stable recovery of expensive tin with high purity and the dramatic reduction of hydrogen production costs at once, increasing economical efficiency and thus contributing to the efficient use of resources.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for plasma ion implantation of a solid element, which enable plasma ion implantation of a solid element. According to the apparatus and method, a sample is placed on a sample stage in a vacuum chamber, and the inside of the vacuum chamber is maintained as a vacuum state. And, gas is supplied in the vacuum chamber, a first pulsed DC power is applied to a magnetron sputtering source so as to generate plasma ions of a solid element. The plasma ions of a solid element sputtered from the source are implanted on the surface of the sample. The first power is a pulse DC power capable of applying a high power the moment a pulse is applied while maintaining low average power. And, simultaneously with the applying of the first pulse power, a second power may be supplied to the sample stage, which is a high negative voltage pulse accelerating plasma ions of a solid element to the sample and synchronized to the pulse DC power for magnetron sputtering source.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for plasma ion implantation of a solid element, which enable plasma ion implantation of a solid element. According to the apparatus and method, a sample is placed on a sample stage in a vacuum chamber, and the inside of the vacuum chamber is maintained as a vacuum state. And, gas is supplied in the vacuum chamber, a first pulsed DC power is applied to a magnetron sputtering source so as to generate plasma ions of a solid element. The plasma ions of a solid element sputtered from the source are implanted on the surface of the sample. The first power is a pulse DC power capable of applying a high power the moment a pulse is applied while maintaining low average power. And, simultaneously with the applying of the first pulse power, a second power may be supplied to the sample stage, which is a high negative voltage pulse accelerating plasma ions of a solid element to the sample and synchronized to the pulse DC power for magnetron sputtering source.

Abstract: A stent includes: a main body unit including a plurality of through holes and configured to have a net-like shape; and a coating unit filling the through holes of the main body unit and configured as a layer on the main body unit, wherein the main body unit has force of restitution to be restored to its original shape, and the coating unit includes a support unit for maintaining the shape of the main body unit by hampering the restoration of the main body unit and a blocking unit blocking the through holes of the main body unit to discriminate the interior and the exterior of the main body unit. The stent can be quickly expanded in a blood vascular system, or the like, after being inserted into the body in a surgical procedure, thus improving expansion (or extension) effect.

Abstract: A method for enhancing an initial tension by changing a wound direction of a coil spring. A large and precise initial tension is provided to the coil spring. An actuator having an excellent function is prepared by using a shape memory alloy. Each shape of the coil spring at high and low temperatures can be controlled by a flexible shape memory effect.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for fabricating a composite material comprising nano carbon and metal or ceramic, in more detail, a method for fabricating a composite material in which metallic or ceramic particles are uniformly dispersed on a nano carbon surface, the method including (1) coating a metal layer on nano carbon, (2) fabricating composite nano powders by performing a thermal treatment for the nano carbon coated with the metal layer, and (3) sintering the composite nano powders, whereby the composite nano powders, in which metallic or ceramic nano powders are uniformly mixed on the surface of the nano carbon, can be easily fabricated, and such composite nano powders can be sintered so as to fabricate the composite material, in which the nano carbon and the metallic or ceramic powders are uniformly dispersed.

Abstract: A new shrink fitting method including deformation is disclosed, in which a high bonding force can be obtained without accurate mechanical process such as forming an insertion body having an outer diameter greater than an inner diameter of an object for receiving the insertion body. The shrink fitting method comprises preparing a pipe and a rod material whose inner and outer diameters are different from each other; bonding the pipe and the rod material to each other in a state that the pipe or the rod material is deformed by heating; deforming the pipe to allow the inner diameter of the pipe to be equal to the outer diameter of the rod material; and cooling the bonded pipe and rod material. The shrink fitting method can be widely used for various mechanical parts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a damping structure which is capable effectively damping vibration of a structure. The damping structure includes a vibration controlling medium fixed at a structure and vibrating with an amplitude greater than that of the structure upon vibration and a damper vibrating separately from the vibration controlling medium as a result of being loosely fitted into the vibration controlling medium or a damper supporter extended therefrom, and thus having a vibration frequency different from that of the vibration controlling medium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a diamond saw capable of reducing noise by installing a damper for absorbing vibration in a shank. The low noise diamond saw comprises: a shank formed of a circular metallic plate; and a diamond blade bonded to an outer circumferential surface of the shank, in which a damper is partially bonded to one or both of upper and lower surfaces of the shank by a spot welding.

Abstract: A method for enhancing an initial tension by changing a wound direction of a coil spring. A large and precise initial tension is provided to the coil spring. An actuator having an excellent function is prepared by using a shape memory alloy. Each shape of the coil spring at high and low temperatures can be controlled by a flexible shape memory effect.

Abstract: A new shrink fitting method including deformation is disclosed, in which a high bonding force can be obtained without accurate mechanical process such as forming an insertion body having an outer diameter greater than an inner diameter of an object for receiving the insertion body. The shrink fitting method comprises preparing a pipe and a rod material whose inner and outer diameters are different from each other; bonding the pipe and the rod material to each other in a state that the pipe or the rod material is deformed by heating; deforming the pipe to allow the inner diameter of the pipe to be equal to the outer diameter of the rod material; and cooling the bonded pipe and rod material. The shrink fitting method can be widely used for various mechanical parts.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing sheet metals is disclosed. This apparatus primarily casts a liquid metal into an intermediate sheet through a sheet-casting process, and secondarily strains the intermediate sheet through a continuous shear-straining process, thus forming a desired high quality sheet metal having a high strength, a high formability and a specifically oriented texture without changing the thickness of the intermediate sheet or while slightly changing the thickness. This apparatus thus simplifies the process of manufacturing the sheet steels. The apparatus has a sheet-casting device used for primarily casting a liquid metal into an intermediate sheet, and a continuous shear-straining device used for continuously shear-straining the intermediate sheet from the sheet-casting device to form a desired sheet metal.