Abstract: Provided is a compound useful as an N-type Ca2+ channel blocker. As a result of intensive studies of compounds having an action of blocking N-type Ca2+ channels, the present inventors found that a tetrahydroisoquinoline compound of the present invention having a substituent at the 1-position has an action of blocking the N-type Ca2+ channels, an antinociceptive pain action, an antineuropathic pain action, an abdominal pain-inhibitory action and an opioid-induced constipation-improving action, and the present invention has been completed based on these findings.

Abstract: The present invention relates a compound of formula 1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof effective as agonist of melanocortin receptor, and an agonistic composition of melanocortin receptor comprising the same as active ingredient.

Abstract: Provided is a compound useful as an N-type Ca2+ channel blocker. As a result of intensive studies of compounds having an action of blocking N-type Ca2+ channels, the present inventors found that a tetrahydroisoquinoline compound of the present invention having a substituent at the 1-position has an action of blocking the N-type Ca2+ channels, an antinociceptive pain action, an antineuropathic pain action, an abdominal pain-inhibitory action and an opioid-induced constipation-improving action, and the present invention has been completed based on these findings.

Abstract: The present invention relates a compound of formula 1, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, or isomer thereof effective as agonist of melanocortin receptor, and an agonistic composition of melanocortin receptor comprising the same as active ingredient.

Abstract: Neuroprotective agents based on inhibition of kainic acid neurotoxicity and compounds useful as neuroprotective agents based on inhibition of kainic acid neurotoxicity. An inhibitors of kainic acid neurotoxicity, comprising as an active ingredient a pyridothiazine derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pyridothiazine derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein symbols in the formula have the following respective meanings: the ring A: a pyridine ring; ##STR2## R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may be the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, carboxyl or lower alkoxycarbonyl group which may have substituent(s), or are not present, with the proviso that R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: Imidazole-substituted quinoxalinedione derivatives represented by the following general formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and pharmaceutical compositions useful as glutamate receptor antagonists and the like, which comprise said compounds or salts thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. ##STR1## (Each symbol in the formula has the following meaning: A: a group represented by a formula (CH.sub.2).sub.m or a group represented by a formula Ph--(CH.sub.2).sub.p (Ph: a phenyl group),X: an oxygen atom or a group represented by a formula NR.sup.4,R.sup.1 : a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a triazolyl group, with the proviso that X may be a bond when R.sup.1 is a triazolyl group,R.sup.2 : a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, a halogeno-lower alkyl group, a cyano group, an amino group, a mono- or di-lower alkylamino group or a halogen atom,R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: A 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalinedione derivative represented by the following formula (I) or salt thereof, an NMDA-glycine receptor and/or AMPA receptor antagonist or kainic acid neurotoxicity inhibitor containing the derivative or salt. In addition, a pharmaceutical composition comprising said compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier: ##STR1## wherein the substituents are as described in the specification.