Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a nucleic acid molecule having improved stability in serum and capable of exhibiting a gene expression regulation function after transfer into the cell. A cyclic nucleic acid molecule represented by the following formula (A): wherein each symbol is as described in the DESCRIPTION can be synthesized easily at a low cost, and can inhibit the translation of a protein encoded by the gene. Since the cyclic nucleic acid molecule of the present invention can inhibit the expression of a target gene as described above, for example, it is useful as a pharmaceutical product, a diagnostic agent, an agricultural chemical, and a tool for conducting research on agriculture, medical science, life science, and the like.

Abstract: The hearth roll includes a thermally sprayed coating formed on the surface thereof. The thermally sprayed coating includes a nitride, an oxide, or a multiple oxide, and a matrix material composed of one or two or more metals. In the hearth roll having high Mn build-up resistance, the following expressions are satisfied: 3% by volume?X1?50% by volume; 3% by volume?X2?50% by volume; and 40% by volume?X1+X2?80% by volume, in which X1 is the percentage by volume of the nitride contained in the thermally sprayed coating with respect to the total volume (10% by volume) of the thermally sprayed coating, and X2 is the percentage by volume of the oxide or the multiple oxide contained in the thermally sprayed coating with respect to the total volume of the thermally sprayed coating.

Abstract: 1-Amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester, which is useful as a synthetic intermediate of pharmaceuticals, can be produced by a process of producing 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester represented by formula (4): including a step of hydrolysis of an optically active 1-N-(arylmethylene)amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester represented by formula (3): which is obtained by reacting an N-(arylmethylene)glycine ester represented by formula (1): with a compound represented by formula (2): in the presence of a base and an optically active quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: The hearth roll includes a thermally sprayed coating formed on the surface thereof. The thermally sprayed coating includes a nitride, an oxide, or a multiple oxide, and a matrix material composed of one or two or more metals. In the hearth roll having high Mn build-up resistance, the following expressions are satisfied: 3% by volume?X1?50% by volume; 3% by volume?X2?50% by volume; and 40% by volume?X1+X2?80% by volume, in which X1 is the percentage by volume of the nitride contained in the thermally sprayed coating with respect to the total volume (10% by volume) of the thermally sprayed coating, and X2 is the percentage by volume of the oxide or the multiple oxide contained in the thermally sprayed coating with respect to the total volume of the thermally sprayed coating.

Abstract: A long-life hearth roll having excellent build-up resistance against Mn-based substances, and which has excellent thermal shock resistance and abrasion resistance is provided. The thermal spray material that is thermally sprayed onto a surface of the hearth roll is characterized by including a heat resistant metal (including an alloy) that includes Al and can be used at 900° C. or more, and a complex oxide of one kind or two kinds or more of a rare earth element (Sc, Y, lanthanum, and lanthanoids) and a transition metal excluding group 3A of the periodic table, Zr, Hf, and Fe, wherein when an Al content is A (moles), and a rare earth element (Sc, Y, lanthanum, and lanthanoids) content is B (moles), the thermal spray material satisfies a condition of 0.3?(A/B)?4.0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a compound (IIa) or a compound (IIb), provides a method of producing a compound (IIIa) or a compound (IIIb), provides a method of producing a compound (Va) or its salt or a compound (Vb) or its salt, provides a method of producing a compound (IIIa) or a compound (IIIb), further, provides a method of producing a compound (Va) or its salt or a compound (Vb) or its salt including these production methods.

Abstract: 1-Amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester, which is useful as a synthetic intermediate of pharmaceuticals, can be produced by a process of producing 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester represented by formula (4): including a step of hydrolysis of an optically active 1-N-(arylmethylene)amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester represented by formula (3): which is obtained by reacting an N-(arylmethylene)glycine ester represented by formula (1): with a compound represented by formula (2): in the presence of a base and an optically active quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hearth roll having excellent build-up resistance against an Mn-containing substance, excellent thermal shock resistance, excellent wear resistance and a long lifetime. Specifically disclosed is a thermal spraying material to be thermally sprayed on the surface of a hearth roll. The thermal spraying material comprises: a heat-resistant metal (including an alloy) which contains Al and can be used at a temperature equal to or higher than 900° C.; and a multiple oxide of at least one metal selected from rare earth elements (Sc, Y, lanthanum and lanthanoid), metals belonging to Group 3A on the periodic table and transition metals excluding Zr, Hf and Fe, wherein the content of Al (A) (mole) and the content of the rare earth clement (Sc, Y, lanthanum and lanthanoid) (B) (mole) fulfill the requirement represented by the following formula: 0.3?(A/B)?4.0.

Abstract: Provided is a manufacturing method for a piperidine-3-ylcarbamate compound in which a pyridine-3-ylcarbamate compound and hydrogen are brought into contact in the presence of a palladium catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for optical resolution of an alkylpiperidin-3-yl carbamate, the method including bringing an RS mixture of an alkylpiperidin-3-yl carbamate into contact with an optically active tartaric acid in the presence of a solvent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a compound (IIa) or a compound (IIb), provides a method of producing a compound (IIIa) or a compound (IIIb), provides a method of producing a compound (Va) or its salt or a compound (Vb) or its salt, provides a method of producing a compound (IIIa) or a compound (IIIb), further, provides a method of producing a compound (Va) or its salt or a compound (Vb) or its salt including these production methods.

Abstract: A member having a coating film is formed by thermal spraying a thermal spray material. The thermal spray material includes a double oxide forming a monophasic oxide, and contains (a) at least one trivalent metal element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Rh, and Sc, Y and lanthanoid in rare earth elements, and (b) at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, and lanthanoid in the rare earth elements different from those in (a).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing a cyclopropane ring-cleaved purine derivative represented by the following formula: comprising hydrogenating a purine derivative having a cyclopropane ring represented by the following formula:

Abstract: A purine derivative having a cyclopropane ring represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein A is --CH.sub.2 -- group or --CO-- group; X.sup.1 is hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or hydroxyl group; each of X.sup.2, X.sup.3, and X.sup.4 is independently hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a protected or unprotected amino group; and each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is independently hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, having 7 to 11 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, with proviso that in a case where A is --CO-- group, neither R.sup.2 nor R.sup.3 is a substituted or unsubstituted acyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and each of X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 is independently a halogen atom, and a process for preparing the same.

Abstract: Process for preparing 1,3-disubstituted urea of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.5 is the same as or different from R.sup.6, and each of R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is independently linear or branched, alkyl of 1-20 carbon atoms, alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which may have phenoxy, alkoxy of 1-13 carbon atoms, monocycloalkyl of 3-8 carbon atoms, bicycloalkyl of 6-12 carbon atoms, aryl of 6-13 carbon atoms, furyl, pyridyl, or aralkyl of 7-20 carbon atoms, comprising reacting cyclic carbonic acid ester with an amine using alkali metal alkoxide or trialkylamine as base, in safety and high yield.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved spray micropellets having a particle size of 5-150 .mu.m mainly composed of micropellets of high carbon ferrochrome alloy fine powder having an average particle of 0.5-20 .mu.m, mainly containing Cr 20-80 wt. %, Fe 15-75 wt. %, C 5-10 wt. %, Si less than 10 wt. % and Ti and Mn as unavoidable impurities.The spray micropellets are particularly useful for sliding parts having high sealing effects such as pistons and the like.