Abstract: A command address control circuit includes a command decoding circuit, an error decision circuit, and a shifting circuit. The command decoding circuit detects a type of command address signal set in synchronization with a reference clock signal. The error decision circuit detects whether an error is present in the command address signal set, and generates a block signal based on the type of command address signal set and the results of the detection of an error. The shifting circuit outputs the command address signal set as an internal command address signal set based on the reference clock signal and the block signal.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a charge switch coupled between a battery cell positive terminal and a charger positive terminal and between a pack positive terminal and the charger positive terminal, a discharge switch coupled between a battery cell negative terminal and a pack negative terminal and between a charger negative terminal and the pack negative terminal, a battery control circuit configured to control the charge switch and the discharge switch, and a power supply circuit coupled between the charger positive terminal and the battery control circuit, wherein the power supply circuit directly supplies power to the battery control circuit when a battery cell is coupled to a charger.

Abstract: A sensor cleaning device for a vehicle includes a housing mounted to an environment sensor of the vehicle. A compressed fluid may be selectively supplied into the housing. A rotor may be disposed in the housing and rotatable with respect to the environment sensor by the compressed fluid.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes: an aerosol generating material reservoir configured to store an aerosol generating material; an atomizer configured to atomize the aerosol generating material into an aerosol; an inflow passage configured to provide fluid communication between outside of the aerosol generating device and the atomizer; a discharge passage which is surrounded by a passage wall and through which air introduced from the outside through the inflow passage and the aerosol are discharged out of the aerosol generating device; and at least one convex surface configured to guide the aerosol to the outside of the aerosol generating device by Coanda effect, so that the discharge rate of the aerosol may be enhanced and liquefaction of the aerosol in the airflow passage may be minimized.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a prefabricated crown including classifying a plurality of prefabricated crowns by type and size by a first module (5) of the table system (1); classifying the plurality of prefabricated crowns by color and material by a second module (7) of the table system (1); tabulating the type, size, color and material data of the prefabricated crowns classified in the above steps (S100, S110) by a third module (9) of the table system (1), and assigning an identification code to each data; a fourth step (S130) of manufacturing the tabulated plurality of prefabricated crowns; and inputting the measured type, size, color and material data of patient's tooth into a fourth module (11) of the table system (1) to select a prefabricated crown corresponding thereto.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing tobacco granules includes manufacturing ground tobacco by grinding raw tobacco, manufacturing a mixture including the ground tobacco and a solvent, manufacturing tobacco granules by using the mixture, and freeze-drying the tobacco granules.

Abstract: A display device includes a bottom electrode on a substrate, and including a first electrode portion and second electrode portions on sides of the first electrode portion, a first insulating layer on the substrate and the bottom electrode, an active layer on the first insulating layer, and including a channel region on the first electrode portion and a source and a drain region on the second electrode portions, a gate insulating layer on the channel region, and exposing the source and the drain region, and a gate electrode on the gate insulating layer, and overlapping the channel region. The first insulating layer and the active layer includes a valley in a corresponding area between the first electrode portion and the second electrode portions. The gate insulating layer includes an end positioned on the valley of the active layer and has a length greater than the gate electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes a command address control circuit. The command address control circuit is configured to receive a row command address signal and a column command address signal, and is configured to selectively invert the row command address signal and the column command address signal based on a logic level of at least one bit of the row command address signal.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a driving circuit area, a first transistor in the display area, and including a first active layer on the substrate and a first gate electrode on the first active layer, a first gate insulating layer between the first active layer and the first gate electrode, and entirely covering the first active layer, a second transistor in the driving circuit area, and including a second active layer on the substrate and a second gate electrode on the second active layer, a second gate insulating layer between the second active layer and the second gate electrode, covering a part of the second active layer overlapping the second gate electrode, and exposing another part of the second active layer, and a first oxide semiconductor layer between the first gate insulating layer and the first gate electrode.

Abstract: A method of analyzing convective heat transfer includes calculating a parameter using a centrifugal force of a fluid flowing inside a heat exchanger and analyzing convective heat transfer performed inside the heat exchanger through a relational expression using the parameter.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for measuring an amount of hydrogen stored in a storage container. The apparatus includes the storage container, in which the hydrogen is stored, a plurality of temperature sensors surrounding a surface of the storage container, and that measure surface temperatures for locations of the storage container, and a processor that estimates a liquid level of the hydrogen stored in the storage container, based on the surface temperatures for the locations.

Abstract: The aerosol generating device includes a storage tank configured to store an aerosol-generating material; a wick configured to absorb the aerosol-generating material stored in the storage tank; a vibrator configured to atomize the aerosol-generating material absorbed in the wick into an aerosol by generating ultrasonic vibrations; a discharge passage configured to discharge the aerosol to an outside of the aerosol generating device; and a structure located at one end of the discharge passage and configured to press the wick toward the vibrator such that contact between the wick and the vibrator is maintained.

Abstract: A cartridge used for an aerosol-generating apparatus includes a liquid storage configured to store an aerosol-generating material, a heater configured to generate an aerosol by heating the aerosol-generating material, an air flow path through which the aerosol passes to be discharged to the outside of the cartridge, and a heating wire having a mesh shape, configured to generate heat, and arranged in the air flow path such that the aerosol is heated by the heating wire while passing through the air flow path.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes a storage tank configured to store an aerosol generating material; a compressed air generator configured to generate compressed air; and a nozzle including an inlet end through which compressed air flows in and an outlet end through which the compressed air flows out, wherein the aerosol generating material stored in the storage tank is atomized into an aerosol by colliding with the compressed air discharged from the outlet end of the nozzle.

Abstract: Techniques for controlling a robotic gripping system that utilizes vacuum suction and finger grasping, are disclosed. The vacuum suction and finger grasping are actuated based on a dynamic collision model. The dynamic collision model is used to generate collision scenes of a surrounding environment. The collision scenes are used to determine possible collisions in a motion path, which are used to selectively actuate the vacuum suction and/or finger grasping.

Abstract: A heater assembly for an aerosol generating device includes a heating portion that heats an aerosol generating article by using electrical power applied thereto, and an expansion portion that is separated from the heating portion, and receives heat from the heating portion and heats the aerosol generating article.

Abstract: Provided is a cartridge that may be replaceably coupled to a main body of an aerosol generating device, the cartridge including a mouthpiece having a discharge hole, a liquid storage configured to accommodate an aerosol generating material, and a vibration receiver configured to transfer vibration generated by a vibrator of the main body to the aerosol generating material such that aerosols are generated from the aerosol generating material by the vibration.

Abstract: Disclosed is a surfactant composition in which at least one of surface tension and interfacial tension is superior, the composition including a fluorinated surfactant and a phospholipid-based surfactant, and optionally further including a sulfosuccinate-based surfactant.

Abstract: An aerosol generating device includes a multilayered thermally conductive member forming an accommodation space into which an aerosol generating article is configured to be inserted; a heater surrounding the multilayered thermally conductive member; a battery configured to supply power to the heater; and a controller configured to control power supplied from the battery to the heater such that the multilayered thermally conductive member transfers heat from the heater to the aerosol generating article. Each layer of the multilayered thermally conductive member includes a corrosion-resistant material or a thermally conductive material.

Abstract: An aerosol generating apparatus according to an embodiment includes a susceptor arranged to surround an aerosol generating article, and comprising a first layer including a magnetic material and a second layer including a first non-magnetic metal material; an induction coil configured to form a time-varying magnetic field in the susceptor assembly; a battery configured to supply power to the induction coil; and a processor configured to control the power supplied to the induction coil from the battery.