Abstract: Provided is a method for producing aldehydes that brings an excellent alcohol conversion and aldehyde selectivity while suppressing generation of aldol condensates, etc. The method for producing aldehydes includes a step of dehydrogenating primary alcohol in the presence of a catalyst composition. The catalyst composition is a first catalyst composition obtained by adding a potassium salt of a weak acid to a dehydrogenation catalyst containing copper as an active species.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing aldehydes that brings an excellent alcohol conversion and aldehyde selectivity while suppressing generation of aldol condensates, etc. The method for producing aldehydes includes a step of dehydrogenating primary alcohol in the presence of a catalyst composition. The catalyst composition is a first catalyst composition obtained by adding a potassium salt of a weak acid to a dehydrogenation catalyst containing copper as an active species.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an aldehyde that provides a target aldehyde at a high conversion rate over an extended period of time. It is a method for producing an aldehyde comprising bringing a raw material gas containing a primary alcohol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and water into contact with a dehydrogenation catalyst containing copper and iron so as to dehydrogenate the alcohol contained in the raw material gas, thereby obtaining an aldehyde, wherein the raw material gas has a water partial pressure of 0.2 kPa to 99 kPa.

Abstract: Provided is an aldehyde production method that can provide target aldehydes with excellent aldehyde selectivity and a high conversion for a long period of time. The method includes bringing a mixed gas containing a vaporized primary alcohol and an inert gas into contact with a film-type dehydrogenation catalyst so as to dehydrogenate the primary alcohol in the mixed gas, thereby obtaining an aldehyde. The partial pressure of the primary alcohol in the mixed gas is 50 kPa or lower, and the film-type dehydrogenation catalyst is formed by providing a thin film catalyst layer on a support.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an aldehyde that provides a target aldehyde at a high conversion rate over an extended period of time. It is a method for producing an aldehyde comprising bringing a raw material gas containing a primary alcohol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and water into contact with a dehydrogenation catalyst containing copper and iron so as to dehydrogenate the alcohol contained in the raw material gas, thereby obtaining an aldehyde, wherein the raw material gas has a water partial pressure of 0.2 kPa to 99 kPa.

Abstract: Provided is an aldehyde production method that can provide target aldehydes with excellent aldehyde selectivity and a high conversion for a long period of time. The method includes bringing a mixed gas containing a vaporized primary alcohol and an inert gas into contact with a film-type dehydrogenation catalyst so as to dehydrogenate the primary alcohol in the mixed gas, thereby obtaining an aldehyde. The partial pressure of the primary alcohol in the mixed gas is 50 kPa or lower, and the film-type dehydrogenation catalyst is formed by providing a thin film catalyst layer on a support.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing a sulfuric acid amine salt (I) represented by the formula (I), which is a neutralization compound between a sulfated compound having a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group and an amine having a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group, useful as softener. wherein R31 is a linear or branched C18-36 alkyl or alkenyl group, or a group represented by the formula R36?(OA)n- (wherein R36 is a linear or branched C12-36 alkyl or alkenyl group, OA is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is a number of from 0.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing a sulfuric acid amine salt (I) represented by the formula (I), which is a neutralization compound between a sulfated compound having a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group and an amine having a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group, useful as softener. wherein R31 is a linear or branched C18-36 alkyl or alkenyl group, or a group represented by the formula R36—(OA)n- (wherein R36 is a linear or branched C12-36 alkyl or alkenyl group, OA is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is a number of from 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of obtaining highly pure phytosterols practically and efficiently from crude phytosterol compositions derived from vegetable fats and oils. That is, the present invention provides a method of saponifying fatty esters contained in crude phytosterol compositions with an alkali in a mixed solvent of an lower alcohol and water, as well as a process for producing phytosterols, which comprises, after this saponifying method, cooling the reaction solution to precipitate crystals of phytosterols, and separating the obtained crystals.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing a sulfuric acid amine salt (I) represented by the formula (I), which is a neutralization compound between a sulfated compound having a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group and an amine having a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group, useful as softener. wherein R31 is a linear or branched C18-36 alkyl or alkenyl group, or a group represented by the formula R36—(OA)n- (wherein R36 is a linear or branched C12-36 alkyl or alkenyl group, OA is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is a number of from 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a highly pure phytosterol, at high yield in particular, by an easy treatment from a crude fatty acid ester derived from a vegetable fat and/or oil. That is, the present invention provides a process for producing phytosterol, which comprises (A) bringing a crude fatty acid product derived from a vegetable fat and/or oil including phytosterol into contact with a mixed solvent of an organic solvent and water to crystallize the phytosterol and separating the crystals from the mixed solvent; or (B) mixing a crude fatty acid ester derived from a vegetable fat and/or oil including the phytosterol and a fatty acid ester with a lower alcohol, allowing the mixture to stand at a temperature of 1 to 40° C. to precipitate crystals including the fatty acid ester and separating the crystals to take the lower alcohol solution including the phytosterol.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing a sulfuric acid amine salt (I) represented by the formula (I), which is a neutralization compound between a sulfated compound having a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group and an amine having a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group, useful as softener.

Abstract: An alkoxylation catalyst comprising metal oxides, having a basicity point expressed in pKa value from 9 to 25 and an acidity point expressed in the amount of ammonia gas adsorbed from 50 to 500 .mu.mol/g, and a process for preparing an alkoxylate with the use of this catalyst. According to the present invention, an alkoxylate having a distribution of the number of moles of alkylene oxide added within a narrow range can be prepared and the reaction product is little contaminated with unreacted starting material and by-products. Further, the catalyst can easily be eliminated from the reaction product.

Abstract: An image reproduction apparatus with a plurality of disk players which concurrently perform play operation so as to produce a plurality of division video format signal concurrently. The video format signal are combined into a signal/final video format signal. The respective frame numbers extracted from the respective division video format signals are compared with the corresponding designated frame numbers. When the extracted frame number and the designated frame number do not coincide to each other, the corresponding division video format signal is ignored in the synthesis operation for producing the final video format signal.

Abstract: A video format signal recording and reproducing method wherein a plurality of division video signals are obtained by dividing a single video format signal and are recorded onto a plurality of recording media, set indication ID numbers are recorded. When the division video signals are reproduced from the recording media, the set indication ID numbers are automatically discriminated. Only when the set indication ID numbers coincide each other, the reproducing operation of the single video format signal is executed.