Abstract: A biosensor including: a first electrode; a second electrode spaced from the first electrode; a channel unit electrically connected at a portion with the first electrode and electrically connected at another portion with the second electrode; a stimuli source electrically connected with the channel unit and applying an electric stimulus; and probes connected to the channel unit and complementarily bound with target materials to sense.

Abstract: A switchable sense amplifier includes a sense amplification unit and a plurality of switches. The sense amplification unit senses a voltage change of a bit line connected to a memory cell and amplifies a voltage difference between the bit line and a complementary bit line. The plurality of switches operate according to switching signals, and thus, enable the sense amplification unit to perform a pre-charging operation, an offset cancellation operation, a charge sharing operation, a sensing operation, and a re-storing operation. The sense amplifier may enhance an effective sensing margin by compensating for an offset of the sense amplifier, through an offset cancellation operation, and thus enhance performance of a memory apparatus.

Abstract: A switchable sense amplifier includes a sense amplification unit and a plurality of switches. The sense amplification unit senses a voltage change of a bit line connected to a memory cell and amplifies a voltage difference between the bit line and a complementary bit line. The plurality of switches operate according to switching signals, and thus, enable the sense amplification unit to perform a pre-charging operation, an offset cancellation operation, a charge sharing operation, a sensing operation, and a re-storing operation. The sense amplifier may enhance an effective sensing margin by compensating for an offset of the sense amplifier, through an offset cancellation operation, and thus enhance performance of a memory apparatus.

Abstract: A binding enhancing apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first electrode; a second electrode spaced from the first electrode; a channel unit electrically connected at a portion with the first electrode and electrically connected at another portion with the second electrode; a stimuli source electrically connected with the channel unit and applying an electric stimulus; and probes connected to the channel unit and complementarily bound with target materials to sense.