Abstract: Provided is a polymer piezoelectric film element which generates electricity at a high sensitivity upon vibrations across a broad frequency band, including those caused by the motion of humans or animals or faint contact stress, and those caused by automobiles and so on, which can be made into a thin film and at a high yield, and which can be used as a stably driving power supply device, a tactile sensor, or a vital sensor. The present invention pertains to: a polymer piezoelectric film element characterized in that an electrode sheet is formed on both surfaces of a polymer piezoelectric film, and by having a structure which has bumps and dips or a wave-shaped structure which has peaks and valleys in an axis perpendicular to said surfaces; and a power storage device, a sensor, or a vital sensor.

Abstract: A light, flexible, and tough thin film having high total light transmittance that can be formed on various three dimensional shapes, and also provides a stably driven tactile sensor, which is an electronic device having the switching function thereof, is provided. The tactile sensor is formed on a polyimide thin film having high total light transmittance, thermal resistance, and a polar component of surface free energy with a specific value, and has a switching device that emits a voltage signal which, through an electronic circuit for controlling noise, stably drives another device. This tactile sensor has a curved or flat surface and has a first electrode, a ferroelectric layer, and a second electrode formed over the polyimide thin film. The switching device as a tactile sensor can drive another device merely by a light touch with a finger, and can be manufactured at a high non-defective rate.

Abstract: Provided are an expandable or bendable circuit board having good body-contact feel, strong against bending and folding, and an electronic device made therefrom. The bendable circuit board includes: a film comprising a polyurethane synthesized by reacting a long-chain polyol with polyisocyanate and having a storage modulus at 25° C. of 20 to 200 MPa, a tensile strength of 20 to 80 MPa, and an elongation at break of 500 to 900%, and the temperature of which the storage elastic modulus reaches to 1 MPa is at 155° C. or higher; and circuit wiring formed in contact with a surface of the film. Alternatively, an expandable circuit board having the ratio ?/?0 of the specific electrical resistance ? of the circuit wiring when the circuit wiring is expanded to the specific electrical resistance (?·cm) ?0 of the circuit wiring before the circuit wiring is expanded is within a range of 1.05 to 10.0.

Abstract: A light, flexible, and tough thin film having high total light transmittance that can be formed on various three dimensional shapes, and also provides a stably driven tactile sensor, which is an electronic device having the switching function thereof, is provided. The tactile sensor is formed on a polyimide thin film having high total light transmittance, thermal resistance, and a polar component of surface free energy with a specific value, and has a switching device that emits a voltage signal which, through an electronic circuit for controlling noise, stably drives another device. This tactile sensor has a curved or flat surface and has a first electrode, a ferroelectric layer, and a second electrode formed over the polyimide thin film. The switching device as a tactile sensor can drive another device merely by a light touch with a finger, and can be manufactured at a high non-defective rate.

Abstract: Provided are an expandable or bendable circuit board having good body-contact feel, strong against bending and folding, and an electronic device made therefrom. The bendable circuit board includes: a film comprising a polyurethane synthesized by reacting a long-chain polyol with polyisocyanate and having a storage modulus at 25° C. of 20 to 200 MPa, a tensile strength of 20 to 80 MPa, and an elongation at break of 500 to 900%, and the temperature of which the storage elastic modulus reaches to 1 MPa is at 155° C. or higher; and circuit wiring formed in contact with a surface of the film. Alternatively, an expandable circuit board having the ratio ?/?0 of the specific electrical resistance ? of the circuit wiring when the circuit wiring is expanded to the specific electrical resistance (?·cm) ?0 of the circuit wiring before the circuit wiring is expanded is within a range of 1.05 to 10.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane including: a supporting membrane including a substrate and a porous supporting layer; and a separation functional layer disposed on the porous supporting layer, in which the separation functional layer includes: a crosslinked polyamide; and a hydrophilic polymer which is a polymer of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group, and a surface of the separation functional layer has a ratio of the number of oxygen atoms to the number of nitrogen atoms (O/N ratio), both determined by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, of 1.5-10, and a standard deviation of the O/N ratio of 0.15 or larger.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a composite semipermeable membrane which has a high permeation rate and high salt removal performance and is excellent in terms of performance stability during long-term operation. The composite semipermeable membrane of the present invention includes: a supporting membrane including a substrate and a porous supporting layer; and a separation functional layer disposed on the porous supporting layer, the separation functional layer includes a crosslinked polyamide and a hydrophilic polymer having an acidic group, and in the separation functional layer, a ratio of (molar equivalent of amino groups)/(molar equivalent of amide groups) is 0.18 or less.

Abstract: A transmission device that transmits main signal light to another transmission device via a transmission path, the transmission device includes a transmitter that generates monitoring signal light with intensity modulation based on a signal related to monitoring control of the transmission device and the other transmission device, a multiplexer that multiplexes the monitoring signal light into the main signal light, a receiver that acquires light receiving information from the other transmission device, the light receiving information being related to a light receiving state of the monitoring signal light, and a control circuit that controls a modulation degree of the intensity modulation in accordance with the light receiving information.

Abstract: A transmission device that transmits main signal light to another transmission device via a transmission path, the transmission device includes a transmitter that generates monitoring signal light with intensity modulation based on a signal related to monitoring control of the transmission device and the other transmission device, a multiplexer that multiplexes the monitoring signal light into the main signal light, a receiver that acquires light receiving information from the other transmission device, the light receiving information being related to a light receiving state of the monitoring signal light, and a control circuit that controls a modulation degree of the intensity modulation in accordance with the light receiving information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane including: a supporting membrane including a substrate and a porous supporting layer; and a separation functional layer disposed on the porous supporting layer, in which the separation functional layer includes: a crosslinked polyamide; and a hydrophilic polymer which is a polymer of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group, and a surface of the separation functional layer has a ratio of the number of oxygen atoms to the number of nitrogen atoms (O/N ratio), both determined by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, of 1.5-10, and a standard deviation of the O/N ratio of 0.15 or larger.

Abstract: Provided are: a semipermeable composite membrane having high fouling resistance against membrane; and a method for producing the semipermeable composite membrane. This semipermeable composite membrane comprises a substrate, a porous support layer disposed on the substrate, and a separation functional layer disposed on the porous support layer, wherein the separation functional layer contains: from the porous support layer side, a first layer containing a crosslinked aromatic polyamide which is a polymer of a polyfunctional aromatic amine and a polyfunctional aromatic acid chloride; and an aliphatic polyamide which is present on the first layer and which is a polymer of a polyfunctional aliphatic carboxylic acid and a polyfunctional aliphatic amine.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a composite semipermeable membrane which has a high permeation rate and high salt removal performance and is excellent in terms of performance stability during long-term operation. The composite semipermeable membrane of the present invention includes: a supporting membrane including a substrate and a porous supporting layer; and a separation functional layer disposed on the porous supporting layer, the separation functional layer includes a crosslinked polyamide and a hydrophilic polymer having an acidic group, and in the separation functional layer, a ratio of (molar equivalent of amino groups)/(molar equivalent of amide groups) is 0.18 or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a separation membrane that is usable at a high temperature and a high pressure. The solvent-resistant separation membrane of the present invention has an average pore diameter of the separation membrane surface of 0.005 to 1 ?m and includes a portion where a degree of cyclization (I1600/I2240) as measured by the total reflection infrared absorption spectroscopy is 0.5 to 50.

Abstract: A variable optical attenuator includes: a transparent medium configured to transmit light; a first reflective film formed on a light incidence surface of the transparent medium; a second reflective film formed on a light emission surface of the transparent medium; and a resonance length variable medium configured to vary an optical resonance length between the first reflective film and the second reflective film, wherein the first reflective film has a first reflectivity at which at least one of light of a first wavelength and light of a second wavelength is partially transmitted through the first reflective film, the at least one of light being the light of the first wavelength, and wherein the second reflective film has a second reflectivity lower than the first reflectivity for the light of the first wavelength and a third reflectivity lower than the second reflectivity for the light of the second wavelength.

Abstract: Provided is a composite semipermeable membrane having a high salt removal rate and a high water permeability. The composite semipermeable membrane comprises a substrate, a porous support layer formed on the substrate, and a separation functional layer formed on the porous support layer, the hydrophilic macromolecule concentration on the substrate-side surface of the porous support layer being higher than that on the separation functional layer-side surface.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface sealing material which has high storage stability and is capable of forming, on an object to be coated such as an organic EL element, a cured product layer that has less irregularity, cissing and the like, while having high surface smoothness. A surface sealing material for organic EL elements according to the present invention contains (B) a cationically polymerizable compound that comprises a cationically polymerizable functional group in each molecule and has a structure represented by formula (1) —(R—O)n— (wherein R represents an alkylene group having 2-5 carbon atoms and n represents an integer of 1-150), (C) a thermal cationic polymerization initiator and (D) a leveling agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a separation membrane that is usable at a high temperature and a high pressure. The solvent-resistant separation membrane of the present invention has an average pore diameter of the separation membrane surface of 0.005 to 1 ?m and includes a portion where a degree of cyclization (I1600/I2240) as measured by the total reflection infrared absorption spectroscopy is 0.5 to 50.

Abstract: To provide a composite semipermeable membrane capable of maintaining high removal performance even after its supporting membrane has come into contact with an aqueous solution high in salt concentration. A composite semipermeable membrane including: a supporting membrane which includes a substrate and a porous supporting layer; and a separation functional layer provided on the porous supporting layer, in which a strength to peel the porous supporting layer away from the substrate is 1.1 N/25 mm or higher.

Abstract: A variable optical attenuator includes: a transparent medium configured to transmit light; a first reflective film formed on a light incidence surface of the transparent medium; a second reflective film formed on a light emission surface of the transparent medium; and a resonance length variable medium configured to vary an optical resonance length between the first reflective film and the second reflective film, wherein the first reflective film has a first reflectivity at which at least one of light of a first wavelength and light of a second wavelength is partially transmitted through the first reflective film, the at least one of light being the light of the first wavelength, and wherein the second reflective film has a second reflectivity lower than the first reflectivity for the light of the first wavelength and a third reflectivity lower than the second reflectivity for the light of the second wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite semipermeable membrane achieving high permeate amount and having high capability to inhibit adhesion of foulants to the membrane surface. The present invention relates to a composite semipermeable membrane including: a supporting membrane which includes a substrate and a porous supporting layer; and a polyamide separation functional layer formed on the porous supporting layer, in which an acidic group-containing hydrophilic polymer is introduced onto the surface of the separation functional layer via amide linkage, and relates to a method for producing such a composite semipermeable membrane.