Abstract: A method of configuring a lower layer data block in a protocol layer of a transmitting side of a wireless communication system comprises receiving upper layer data from an upper layer, and configuring a second lower layer data block to include a first upper layer data block comprising at least part of the upper layer data, and a size change indictor indicating whether a size of the first upper layer data block is identical with a size of a second upper layer data block included in a first lower layer data block.

Abstract: A method of transmitting PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) status reports, is performed by a mobile terminal by receiving, from an upper layer, a request for PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) re-establishment; detecting whether there are any out-of-sequence PDCP SDUs (service data units) stored; and if there is at least one out-of-sequence PDCP SDU stored, allocating a bitmap field of length in bits equal to the number of PDCP SNs from and not including the first out-of-sequence PDCP SDU up to and including a last out-of-sequence PDCP SDU.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a linear vibrator having a mass body which is accommodated in a casing defining an internal space and is vibrated. The linear vibrator includes a bracket supporting the linear vibrator from a lower position. The bracket has a depression in a bottom thereof such that a coil lead wire of a coil is placed in the depression, thus preventing friction between the coil lead wire and a movable unit.

Abstract: A mobile terminal and a method of performing a random access procedure by the terminal is achieved by transmitting a random access preamble to a base station, receiving a random access response from the base station, and performing an uplink transmission using an uplink grant from the base station. The uplink transmission is performed by using a maximum number of HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) transmissions parameter, which is included in a System Information Block (SIB) received from the base station.

Abstract: A method of receiving multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS) information by a user equipment (UE) in a cell-based wireless communication system is provided. The method includes receiving information regarding a second cell from a first cell over a first channel, and receiving the MBMS information from the second cell over a second channel based on the received information regarding the second cell. Information regarding a cell that transmits multimedia broadcast/multicast service (MBMS) information is obtained from a cell that does not transmit the MBMS information, thereby eventually receiving the MBMS information. Therefore, an overhead caused by broadcasting of unnecessary MBMS control information can be reduced.

Abstract: A double pipe and a heat exchanger having the same are provided. The double pipe including an outer pipe and an inner pipe formed within the outer pipe includes: a plurality of barrier ribs formed in a length direction and disposed at a predetermined distance in a circumferential direction between the outer pipe and the inner pipe; and a plurality of protruding portions formed at positions corresponding to each of the plurality of barrier ribs and protruded in a center direction and formed in a length direction of the inner pipe from an inner circumferential surface of the inner pipe. Therefore, by improving heat exchange efficiency by the heat exchanger having the double pipe, cooling efficiency of a cooling system can be improved.

Abstract: A method for performing random access in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes transmitting a preamble for random access in uplink, receiving a random access response message including back-off information as a response to the preamble, and performing back-off using the back-off information when the random access has failed.

Abstract: A method for performing random access in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes transmitting a preamble for random access in uplink, receiving a random access response message including back-off information as a response to the preamble, and performing back-off using the back-off information when the random access has failed.

Abstract: Provided are an automatic speech translation system and a method for obtaining accurate translation performance with a simple structure. Because input and output sentences are written in different languages, automatic speech translation requires techniques for processing different languages. Repetition of text processing like morpheme analysis or sentence parsing in conventional automatic speech translation can complicate the overall translation process. Meanwhile, although input and output sentences are written in different languages, they have to have the same meaning and a corresponding sentence form and words. Accordingly, the corresponding words and sentence forms of the two languages can be expressed with a simple structure and utilized in the automatic speech translation process, thereby maintaining consistency during the process and avoiding unnecessary process repetition, which reduces errors and improves performance.

Abstract: A method of transmitting and receiving control information in a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method of receiving control information related to a specific point-to-multipoint service in a user equipment of a wireless communication system comprises receiving a notification message including indication information and an identifier identifying the point-to-multipoint service from a network, the indication information indicating at least one downlink channel related to the specific point-to-multipoint service among a plurality of downlink channels established for transmission of control information for at least one or more point-to-multipoint service, and receiving at least one downlink channel indicated by the indication information.

Abstract: A context aware system and a context aware method thereof perform a reasoning to be aware of contexts in ubiquitous environments. The context aware method includes procedures of modeling a knowledge base describing context information including constraints; classifying the context information described in the knowledge base according to the constraints; filtering fact data having same constraints as input sensor data from the classified context data; storing only rules, which satisfy the filtered fact data and constraints, in an working memory; and inferring a service context by reasoning the stored fact data and rules. The method receives input sensor data, associated with a subject, continuously monitored and serviced by indoor sensors, performs a reasoning based upon the input sensor data, in order to be aware of the present contexts of the subject and also provide, in real-time, a service suitable for the present contexts, thereby promoting the convenience of life.

Abstract: Disclosed is a UHF partial discharge and its location measuring device for high-voltage power devices. The measuring device includes a partial discharge sensor, an external noise sensor, an analogue-digital converter, a peak detector, a partial discharge signal processor, an arrival time detector, a discharge location processor, and a display unit.

Abstract: A method of performing a random access channel (RACH) procedure between a mobile terminal and a network includes the steps of detecting whether a random access response (RAR) is received from the network within a certain time period, the RAR including information about a random access channel (RACH) preamble transmitted to the network; and if the RAR is not received within the certain time period or if the information about the transmitted RACH preamble included in the RAR does not match the transmitted RACH preamble, performing a first procedure to detect failures in the RACH procedure; and if the RAR is received within the certain time period and if the information about the transmitted RACH preamble included in the RAR matches the transmitted RACH preamble, performing a second procedure to detect failures in the RACH procedure.

Abstract: An electric energy generator may include a semiconductor layer and a plurality of nanowires having piezoelectric characteristics. The electric energy generator may convert optical energy into electric energy if external light is applied and may generate piezoelectric energy if external pressure (e.g., sound or vibration) is applied.

Abstract: Disclosed is a status report transmission of the PDCP layer for a PDCP status report which can reduce radio resources, by transmitting the reception success or failure of a series of PDCP SDUs in the form of a bitmap when configuring the PDCP status report for reporting a reception status of the PDCP SDU to another party in the PDCP layer in the LTE system.

Abstract: A method of data processing in a protocol layer of a wireless communication system, the protocol layer having a header compression function, comprises generating at least one of a control packet which includes control information, and a data packet including at least part of an upper layer data block transferred from an upper layer, generating a lower layer data block including each of the generated at least one packet to transfer the lower layer data block to a lower layer, and transferring indication information to the lower layer, the indication information being associated with a method of data processing for the lower layer data block in the lower layer.

Abstract: A method, device and computer program product for performing cell reselection based on priorities, where the method includes measuring a signal of a candidate cell, and selecting the candidate cell when the signal characteristic of the candidate cell satisfies a certain criterion for a certain time duration, wherein the certain time duration is modified according to a priority of the candidate cell.

Abstract: A trellis encoding device includes a plurality of trellis encoders to perform trellis-encoding of a transport stream into which a supplementary reference signal (SRS) has been inserted, and performs a memory reset in a region that precedes an SRS; and a parity compensation unit to compensate for parities of the transport stream in accordance with values stored in memories included in the trellis encoders. The plurality of trellis encoders may be implemented in diverse types. The trellis encoding device can perform a memory reset selectively using the stored value of the memory and the inverted value thereof, or selectively using the stored value of the memory and a fixed value. By properly resetting the memory in processing the transport stream into which the SRS has been inserted, DC offset can be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a horizontal linear vibrator which can reduce the thickness but increase the strength of vibrations while at the same time guaranteeing a sufficiently long lifetime and satisfactory responsivity. The horizontal linear vibrator includes a casing, a bracket, a vibration unit and springs. The casing defines an internal space therein. A first magnet is attached to an upper plate of the casing. The bracket is coupled to the lower end of the casing. The second magnet is attached to the bracket such that different poles of the first and second magnets face each other. The vibration unit has a weight, and a cylindrical coil which is provided in or under the weight. The springs are coupled to the sidewall plates of the casing or the bracket. The springs elastically support the vibration unit to allow the vibration unit to vibrate in the horizontal direction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of reporting logged measurements in a wireless communication system is provided. A user equipment in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connected mode receives Minimization of Drive Tests (MDT) configuration from a base station and starts a validity timer upon receiving the MDT configuration. The user equipment in an RRC idle mode logs measurements based on the MDT configuration to collect logged measurements while the validity timer is running. When the validity timer is expired, the user equipment discards the MDT configuration.