Abstract: Silicon oxide-based negative electrode active materials and negative electrodes for a secondary battery are disclosed. In an embodiment, a negative electrode active material for a secondary battery includes a silicon oxide particle including a metal silicate; and a hydrocarbon coating layer on the silicon oxide particle, wherein a peak Pa in a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectral analysis of the negative electrode active material is detected in a range from 2880 cm?1 to 2950 cm?1 and a peak Pb in a FT-IR spectral analysis of the negative electrode active material is detected in a range from 2800 cm?1 to 2865 cm?1.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition for preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer and a method of preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer using the same, and provides the composition giving excellent productivity for preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer includes while maintaining excellent foaming and viscosity properties of a plastisol including the prepared vinyl chloride-based polymer, by including a pH regulator composed of a carbonate-based metal salt, and a transition metal catalyst in the composition, and controlling an amount of the transition metal catalyst, and controlling an amount of a reducing agent such that a trace amount or none of the reducing agent is included, and the method of preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer using the same.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a polarization member facing the display panel, a cover window including an inorganic material and facing the display panel with the polarization member therebetween, and a window bonding member which is between the cover window and the polarization member attaches the cover window to the polarization member. The window bonding member which attaches the cover window to the polarization member has a modulus of about of 1 MPa to about 10 MPa.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer, the method including a step of injecting an ionizable normal salt and polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in the presence of one or more emulsifiers and a polymerization initiator, wherein the ionizable normal salt includes a carbonate metal salt or a sulfite metal salt, and the ionizable normal salt is continuously injected in an amount of 70 to 1200 ppm based on the total weight of the vinyl chloride monomer when a polymerization conversion rate is in a range of 0% to 20%. The method capable of preparing a vinyl chloride-based polymer suitable as an eco-friendly material, while not affecting the rate of polymerization reaction and decreasing the generation amount of total volatile organic compounds by controlling the injection time, injection amount and kind of the ionizable normal salt, is provided.

Abstract: An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same are provided. The anode active material includes a plurality of composite particles, each composite particle including a silicon-based active material particle including silicon; and a carbon coating layer formed on at least a portion of a surface of the silicon-based active material particle, wherein a relative standard deviation of G/Si peak intensity ratios of a Raman spectrum as defined in Equation 1 measured for each of 50 different composite particles among the plurality of composite particles is 50% or less.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing a network switching service to a user equipment.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte injection system, and the electrolyte injection system is a system for injecting an electrolyte solution into a pouch in which an electrode assembly is embedded, the electrolyte injection system comprising: an injection pipe for injecting an electrolyte solution; an electrolyte solution supply portion supplying an electrolyte solution; and a manifold portion connecting an injection pipe and an electrolyte solution supply portion to prevent a reverse flow of the electrolyte solution and ensure precision of injection amount so that a large amount of electrolyte solution may be accurately and rapidly injected.

Abstract: A memory device includes a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells, each of the plurality of memory cells having a switch element, and a data storage element connected to the switch element and containing a phis change material; and a memory controller for obtaining first read voltages from the plurality of memory cells, inputting a first write current to the plurality of memory cells, and then, obtaining second read voltages from the plurality of memory cells, wherein the memory controller compares the first read voltage of a first memory cell of the plurality of memory cells to the second read voltage of the first memory cell to determine a state of the first memory cell.

Abstract: An embodiment includes: a housing including an upper surface, a lower surface, an inner surface, and an outer surface located at the side opposite to the inner surface; a bobbin accommodated in the housing; a first coil disposed at an outer surface of the bobbin; a first magnet disposed at the outer surface of the housing; a second magnet disposed in the housing so as to be spaced apart from the first magnet; and a first position sensor disposed at the outer surface of the bobbin, wherein a first part of the housing is positioned between the second magnet and the inner surface of the housing.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including: a first transistor which include a first gate stack on a substrate; and a second transistor which includes a second gate stack on the substrate, wherein the first gate stack includes a first ferroelectric material layer disposed on the substrate, a first work function layer disposed on the first ferroelectric material layer and a first upper gate electrode disposed on the first work function layer, wherein the second gate stack includes a second ferroelectric material layer disposed on the substrate, a second work function layer disposed on the second ferroelectric material layer and a second upper gate electrode disposed on the second work function layer, wherein the first work function layer includes the same material as the second work function layer, and wherein an effective work function of the first gate stack is different from an effective work function of the second gate stack.

Abstract: A cap assembly includes a retainer member provided at an outlet end of a discharge line through which a target fluid is discharged to the outside in a gravitational direction, the retainer member having a guide hole configured to guide the target fluid to the outside, a cap member configured to be movable from a first position at which the cap member closes the guide hole to a second position at which the cap member opens the guide hole in accordance with a discharge pressure of the target fluid, and a weight member provided in the cap member and configured to apply a load to the cap member so that the cap member moves to the first position when the discharge pressure applied to the cap member by the target fluid is eliminated.

Abstract: A processor implemented method including outputting guide information to guide a capture of an image of a predetermined area via a camera of a mobile terminal including the processor, inputting a first exterior image of a vehicle, the first exterior image being captured based on the output guide information and a second exterior image of the vehicle stored in advance to a processor including a deep learning model, matching the first exterior image and the second exterior image with each other to acquire a matched image, masking a detected area from the predetermined image within the matched image as a masked area, and determining whether an exterior of the vehicle has been damaged and a type of damage based on the masked area.

Abstract: Systems and methods for executing instructions for executing a virtual reality (VR)-based fire response simulation method for secondary battery production are disclosed. One method includes receiving a gaze direction and gaze location of a user identified from a head mounted display (HMD). Fire response content associated with a secondary battery production apparatus corresponding to the received gaze direction and gaze location is displayed on an area of a display of the HMD. The fire response content includes a plurality of fire response scenarios. User behavior information indicating a motion of the user determined from at least one of the HMD or a controller associated with the HMD is obtained. The fire response content associated with the secondary battery production apparatus is executed based on the obtained user behavior information.

Abstract: A method of a terminal may comprise: receiving a first message including state information of a base station from the base station; identifying preliminary inactive state information included in the first message when the state information of the base station indicates a preliminary inactive state; and performing a cell selection based on the preliminary inactive state information.

Abstract: A heat pump system includes a cooling apparatus in which a coolant is circulated, a compressor to compress a refrigerant, a condenser connected to the compressor through a refrigerant line and configured to condense the refrigerant by heat-exchanging with the refrigerant and the coolant, an evaporator connected to the condenser through the refrigerant line and configured to evaporate the refrigerant by heat-exchanging with the refrigerant and the coolant, a gas injection device provided in the refrigerant line between the condenser and the evaporator and configured to selectively expand and flow the refrigerant and selectively supply some of the refrigerant to the compressor, a refrigerant connection line including a first end connected to the refrigerant line and a second end connected to the gas injection device between the compressor and the evaporator, and a chiller in the refrigerant connection line for adjusting a temperature of the coolant by heat-exchange.

Abstract: A method of a terminal may comprise: receiving a reference signal from a base station; generating channel information based on the reference signal; generating wavelet-transformed channel information by applying wavelet transform to the channel information; generating compressed channel information by compressing the wavelet-transformed channel information; and transmitting the compressed channel information to the base station.

Abstract: Disclosed is a case for a battery module including a body having an internal space; and an end plate disposed on an end of the body, wherein the body includes a bottom plate on which a coolant flow path through which a coolant flows is formed, and wherein the end plate includes a coolant flow tube through which the coolant flows and a connection portion extending from the coolant flow tube and coupled to the coolant flow path.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a substrate heat-treating apparatus including a process chamber in which a flat substrate to be heat treated is placed, the process chamber comprising a beam transmitting plate placed below the flat substrate and an infrared transmitting plate placed above the flat substrate; a beam irradiating module for irradiating a VCSEL beam having a single wavelength to a lower surface of the flat substrate through the beam transmitting plate; and an temperature measuring module configured to measure the laser beam reflected from the lower surface or an upper surface the flat substrate, thereby measuring the temperature of the flat substrate.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a heterocyclic compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and an organic light emitting device including the same.