Abstract: Provided is a polarizing element which has an excellent antireflection function as being applied to an image display device; and a circularly polarizing plate and an image display device, each of which has the polarizing element. The polarizing element has an alignment film and an anisotropic light-absorbing film formed using a dichroic substance, in which a degree S of alignment of the anisotropic light-absorbing film is 0.92 or more, and an average refractive index nave at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of the alignment film is 1.55 to 2.0.

Abstract: To perform three-dimensional measurement of an object with high accuracy, a dot pattern is generated by a determination process of determining a reference position according to a rule defined by a Poisson disk sampling algorithm, a selection process of selecting one of a plurality of arrangement patterns indicating at least one or more dot arrangements, an arrangement process of arranging dots based on the arrangement pattern selected for the reference position, and an iterative process of performing the above processes a plurality of times, a projection device is controlled to project projection light including the dot pattern onto the object, an image capturing device is controlled to image-capture the object onto which the projection light is projected from two directions to acquire two captured images, parallax information is calculated about the acquire two captured images, and a three-dimensional shape of the object is specified based on the calculated parallax information.

Abstract: Migration of human peripheral leukocytes in response to chemotactic factors during pregnancy. The methods include determining the likelihood of a pregnant subject undergoing delivery within about 7 days by obtaining peripheral leukocytes from the pregnant subject and determining a chemotactic activity of the leukocytes, wherein an increased likelihood of delivery within about 7 days is indicated when the chemotactic activity is at a level characteristic of a full term pregnancy. Chemotactic activity is assessed by measuring migration of peripheral leukocytes towards a chemoattractant which is a factor present in a sample comprising human fetal membrane obtained from a full term pregnant subject. Other biomarkers or F-actin polarization of peripheral leukocytes are also indicative of the likelihood of a pregnant subject undergoing delivery. Further methods disclosed include minimizing complications of preterm delivery by administration of an IL-1 antagonist when there is a likelihood of preterm delivery.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an anisotropic light absorption film having both a high alignment degree and high light resistance, and a laminate provided using the anisotropic light absorption film. An anisotropic light absorption film according to the embodiment of the invention is formed from a composition having a first dichroic azo dye, a second dichroic azo dye, and a compound represented by Formula (I) or a polymer thereof, the first dichroic azo dye has a solution absorption maximum wavelength of 400 nm or greater and less than 550 nm, the second dichroic azo dye has a solution absorption maximum wavelength of 550 nm or greater and 750 nm or less, and the film has an arrangement structure of the first dichroic azo dye or an arrangement structure of the second dichroic azo dye therein.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizer, a method of producing a polarizer, a laminate, and an image display device which enable achievement of both the degree of alignment and light fastness. The polarizer of the present invention is a polarizer formed of a polarizer-forming composition which contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic material, in which the liquid crystal compound is a polymer compound having a smectic liquid crystallinity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polarizing element which has an excellent antireflection function as being applied to an image display device; and a circularly polarizing plate and an image display device, each of which has a polarizing element. The polarizing element has an alignment film and an anisotropic light-absorbing film formed using a dichroic substance, in which a degree S of alignment of the anisotropic light-absorbing film is 0.92 or more, an average refractive index nave at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of the alignment film is 1.55 or more and less than 1.78, an in-plane refractive index anisotropy ?n at a wavelength of 550 nm of the alignment film is less than 0.10.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light absorption anisotropic film excellent in adhesiveness to an adjacent layer, and a laminate and an image display device, in which the light absorption anisotropic film is used. The light absorption anisotropic film is formed from a liquid crystal composition that contains a high-molecular weight liquid crystal compound and a dichroic substance, and is a light absorption anisotropic film in which regarding a signal derived from the dichroic substance detected by a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, a relationship between a maximum intensity Imax in a thickness direction of a film and an intensity Isur on at least one surface of the film satisfies Expression (I-1) 2?Imax/Isur.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing element which has an excellent antireflection function in a case of being applied to an image display device; and a circularly polarizing plate and an image display device, each of which has the polarizing element. The polarizing element of an embodiment of the present invention is a polarizing element having an alignment film and an anisotropic light-absorbing film formed using a dichroic substance, in which the alignment film is a photoalignment film formed using a composition for forming a photoalignment film, including a photoactive compound having a polymerizable group and a photoreactive group, a degree S of alignment of the anisotropic light-absorbing film is 0.92 or more, and an average refractive index nave at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of the alignment film is 1.55 to 2.0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a laminate used in an image display device the laminate including an optically anisotropic layer, a light-absorbing anisotropic layer, a refractive index-adjusting layer, and an oxygen shielding layer in this order, where the light-absorbing anisotropic layer is formed of a composition containing dichroic azo coloring agent and liquid crystalline compounds, where the dichroic azo coloring agent compound is 10% to 30% by mass with respect to a mass of a total solid content of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer, a degree of alignment of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer is 0.92 or higher, the refractive index-adjusting layer is formed of a composition containing a crosslinkable group compound, and has an in-plane average refractive index of 1.55 to 1.70 (550 nm ?), and an angle formed by an in-plane slow axis of the optically anisotropic layer and an absorption axis of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer is 45°±10°.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizer, a method of producing a polarizer, a laminate, and an image display device which enable achievement of both the degree of alignment and heat resistance. The polarizer of the present invention is a polarizer formed of a polarizer-forming composition which contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic material, in which the liquid crystal compound has a smectic liquid crystallinity, and a phase transition temperature of the polarizer-forming composition from a smectic phase to an isotropic phase or a nematic phase is 120° C. or higher.

Abstract: An actuator includes a piezoelectric element, a vibration plate, and a support. The vibration plate has the piezoelectric element joined thereto and vibrates in accordance with displacement of the piezoelectric element. The support supports the vibration plate. A holder is disposed on the vibration plate. The holder is configured to join the vibration plate to an object of vibration. The vibration plate and the support are integrally molded.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a laminate in which the coloring of reflected light is reduced. The laminate includes an optical film having a light absorption anisotropic film formed using a composition including a dichroic substance and having a transmittance of more than 50%, a ?/4 plate, and a metal electrode in this order, in which in a case where a degree (%) of polarization at a wavelength of ? of the optical film is defined as P(?) and a reflectance (%) at the wavelength of ? of the metal electrode is defined as R(?), a ratio of a minimum value of R/P to a maximum value of R/P at wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm is more than 85%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polarizing element which has an excellent antireflection function as being applied to an image display device; and a circularly polarizing plate and an image display device, each of which has a polarizing element. The polarizing element has an alignment film and an anisotropic light-absorbing film formed using a dichroic substance, in which a degree S of alignment of the anisotropic light-absorbing film is 0.92 or more, an average refractive index nave at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of the alignment film is 1.55 or more and less than 1.78, an in-plane refractive index anisotropy ?n at a wavelength of 550 nm of the alignment film is less than 0.10.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing element which has an excellent antireflection function as being applied to an image display device; and a circularly polarizing plate and an image display device, each of which has the polarizing element. The polarizing element of an embodiment of the present invention has an alignment film and an anisotropic light-absorbing film formed using a dichroic substance, in which a degree S of alignment of the anisotropic light-absorbing film is 0.92 or more, and an average refractive index nave at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of the alignment film is 1.55 to 2.0.

Abstract: Provided is a polarizing element which has an excellent antireflection function as being applied to an image display device; and a circularly polarizing plate and an image display device, each of which has the polarizing element. The polarizing element has an alignment film and an anisotropic light-absorbing film formed using a dichroic substance, in which a degree S of alignment of the anisotropic light-absorbing film is 0.92 or more, and an average refractive index nave at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of the alignment film is 1.55 to 2.0.

Abstract: A unit and a tactile sensation providing apparatus which enable simplification of the assembly process of the apparatus are provided. The unit is provided with an actuator, a first fixing unit fixable to a base, a second fixing unit, and an elastic member configured to couple the first fixing unit and the second fixing unit together. The second fixing unit is fixable to a vibration object and coupled to the actuator.

Abstract: A laminate is provided having excellent adhesiveness between a light absorption anisotropic film and a barrier layer, a manufacturing method of the laminate, and an image display device using the laminate. A laminate having: a barrier layer A; and a light absorption anisotropic film B, in which the barrier layer A is adjacently provided on the light absorption anisotropic film B, a relationship between a highest content of a compound A1 contained in the barrier layer A and a highest content of a compound B1 contained in the light absorption anisotropic film B satisfies a relationship in which a value of distance calculated from Hansen solubility parameters and represented by Formula (I) is within a range of 0.0 to 5.0, and the light absorption anisotropic film B contains a component same as the compound A1. distance={4×(?D(B1)??D(A1))2+(?P(B1)??P(A1))2+(?H(B1)??H(A1))2}0.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a laminate in which an excellent alignment property of a dichroic substance is maintained and which is excellent in both high-temperature durability and moisture-heat resistance, a manufacturing method of the laminate, and an image display device using the laminate. A laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention is a laminate having a transparent support, a light absorption anisotropic film, and a transparent resin layer in this order, in which the light absorption anisotropic film is a film containing a dichroic substance represented by a predetermined formula, and the transparent resin layer is a layer containing a polymer which has a hydrophilic group and does not have a glass transition temperature in a temperature range of 95° C. or lower.

Abstract: A tactile sensation providing apparatus includes a panel, a tactile sensation providing unit that is attached to the panel and configured to vibrate the panel, and joint structures with respect to a housing. The joint structure is different between a first area in which the tactile sensation providing unit is arranged and a second area other than the first area.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a laminate in which an excellent alignment property of a dichroic substance is maintained and which is excellent in both high-temperature durability and moisture-heat resistance, a manufacturing method of the laminate, and an image display device using the laminate. A laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention is a laminate having a transparent support, a light absorption anisotropic film, and a transparent resin layer in this order, in which the light absorption anisotropic film is a film containing a dichroic substance represented by a predetermined formula, and the transparent resin layer is a layer containing a polymer which has a hydrophilic group and does not have a glass transition temperature in a temperature range of 95° C. or lower.