Abstract: A measurement device measures engine oil consumption of an engine lubricated by engine oil. The measurement device includes a sensing pipe housing in which a sulfur dioxide sensing pipe arranged to sense the sulfur dioxide is disposed, an exhaust gas introduction passage connecting the engine and a first end of the sulfur dioxide sensing pipe, and arranged to introduce the exhaust gas from the engine to the sulfur dioxide sensing pipe, and a flow amount measurement device arranged to measure the flow amount of the exhaust gas flowing in the sulfur dioxide sensing pipe. The engine oil measurement device is small in size and able to measure engine oil consumption easily.

Abstract: In an electric vehicle driven by a drive motor with electric power generated by an engine-driven generator and with electric power from a battery, the electric vehicle includes a residual battery power detecting module for detecting a residual power capacity of the battery, and a motor control module. When the residual power capacity decreases below an established (e.g., preset) lower limit, the motor control module lowers a voltage of an accelerator output signal, which is output in response to a rotational angle of an accelerator, to a value less than a voltage given under a condition where the residual power capacity is greater than or equal to an established (e.g., preset) lower limit. In this manner, the larger rotational movement of the accelerator required to control a rotational speed of the drive motor provides a rider with a sensory indication of the operating state of the vehicle (e.g., the residual power capacity of the battery).

Abstract: A measurement device measures engine oil consumption of an engine lubricated by engine oil. The measurement device includes a sensing pipe housing in which a sulfur dioxide sensing pipe arranged to sense the sulfur dioxide is disposed, an exhaust gas introduction passage connecting the engine and a first end of the sulfur dioxide sensing pipe, and arranged to introduce the exhaust gas from the engine to the sulfur dioxide sensing pipe, and a flow amount measurement device arranged to measure the flow amount of the exhaust gas flowing in the sulfur dioxide sensing pipe. The engine oil measurement device is small in size and able to measure engine oil consumption easily.

Abstract: In an electric vehicle driven by a drive motor with electric power generated by an engine-driven generator and with electric power from a battery, the electric vehicle includes a residual battery power detecting module for detecting a residual power capacity of the battery, and a motor control module. When the residual power capacity decreases below an established (e.g., preset) lower limit, the motor control module lowers a voltage of an accelerator output signal, which is output in response to a rotational angle of an accelerator, to a value less than a voltage given under a condition where the residual power capacity is greater than or equal to an established (e.g., preset) lower limit. In this manner, the larger rotational movement of the accelerator required to control a rotational speed of the drive motor provides a rider with a sensory indication of the operating state of the vehicle (e.g., the residual power capacity of the battery).

Abstract: In constructing a suction device for a crank chamber supercharged engine 1 wherein intake air pressurized by a supercharge mechanism is supplied to a combustion chamber, it is arranged that the supercharge mechanism and the combustion chamber are communicatively interconnected by suction passage 38, 46, with an intake valve 7 disposed open/close operably at a downstream end of the suction passage 46, the intake valve 7 being adapted to close between 70 and 100 degrees after a bottom dead center.

Abstract: Several embodiments of crankcase compression supercharged four-cycle internal combustion engines. Supercharger pressure is controlled by bypassing pressurized gases from the crankcase back to the crankcase downstream of a check valve that permits flow into the crankcase so as to avoid the escape of pressurized gases to the atmosphere and to reduce pumping losses and improve performance. Various positioning of the components is illustrated. Also, an improved and simplified internal EGR system is employed.

Abstract: A watercraft is propelled by an outboard motor having a water propulsion device powered by a multi-cylinder engine of a crankcase compression type, the engine positioned within a cowling of the motor. The engine has a very compact V type arrangement. The intake system for admitting the charge to the crankcase chambers and the exhaust manifold are positioned around the outside of the engine opposite its valley. A compressor delivery to the cylinder head intake ports is positioned within the valley. The engine includes at least one crankshaft which drives a drive shaft of the water propulsion device of the motor.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of vehicles such as scooters that are powered a compact, high performance, four-cycle crankcase compression supercharged internal combustion engine. The engine is provided with two throttle valves, one on the intake side and one on the compressor side, that are operated simultaneously and in the same direction under at least some conditions so as to improve throttle response. In addition, an arrangement is provided for limiting the maximum pressure in the compressor side under low throttle and low load conditions. This improves performance and ensures against seal degradation in the lubricating system.

Abstract: A four-cycle internal combustion engine wherein the piston connecting rod crankshaft and crankcase chamber are formed so that the crankcase chamber acts as compressor. An induction system supplies atmospheric air to the crankcase chamber and a pressure conduit supplies air from the crankcase chamber to the engine intake valve. A plenum chamber is disposed within this pressure conduit and pressure control is possible by bypassing air form the plenum chamber to the atmospheric air inlet. A throttle valve is positioned downstream of the plenum chamber so as to improve engine braking and charge forming systems are disclosed that permit a compact assembly and good response under all engine running conditions.

Abstract: A control system and method for a multi-combustion chamber internal combustion engine. Balance running between the combustion chambers is achieved by varying the engine operating parameters or the parameters of a load driven by the engine. In addition, knocking can be detected and corrected by also sensing the rate of acceleration of the engine output shaft at certain crank angles.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder engine of a crankcase compression type shown for use in an outboard motor. The engine has a very compact V type arrangement. The intake system for admitting the charge to the crankcase chambers and the exhaust manifold is located in the valley between the cylinder banks. The compressor delivery to the cylinder head intake ports is on the outside of the engine.

Abstract: A crankcase compression four-cycle internal combustion engine having a valve actuating mechanism that is lubricated by first four-cycle type lubricating system. A second two-cycle lubricating system is provided for lubricating the crankcase and components associated therewith. The second lubricating system also delivers lubricant to the piston and piston pin through a groove passage way formed in part in the connecting rod for their lubrication.

Abstract: A four-cycle internal combustion engine wherein the piston connecting rod crankshaft and crankcase chamber are formed so that the crankcase chamber acts as compressor. An induction system supplies atmospheric air to the crankcase chamber and a pressure conduit supplies air from the crankcase chamber to the engine intake valve. A plenum chamber is disposed within this pressure conduit and pressure control is possible by bypassing air form the plenum chamber to the atmospheric air inlet. A throttle valve is positioned downstream of the plenum chamber so as to improve engine braking and charge forming systems are disclosed that permit a compact assembly and good response under all engine running conditions.

Abstract: An engine induction system having a check valve upstream of the intake port for precluding reverse flow. A plenum device is communicated with the induction system downstream of the check valve for reducing inertial effects and improving charging efficiency. The plenum device may be the crankcase chamber of the engine. In that case crankcase ventilation may also be controlled and improved. Crankcase supercharging may also be generated. These features may be combined with variable valve timing to further improve engine performance.

Abstract: An accumulator type fuel injector system including an arrangement for insuring that the injector will provide a relatively constant rate of fuel discharge under low speed low load conditions and a rate of discharge under high speed high load conditions that reaches its peak at the latter portion of the injection valve opening cycle. This is done by changing the effective areas of the various components of the valve, the preload of the biasing spring and the rate of the biasing spring.

Abstract: An accumulator type fuel injector system including an arrangement for changing the bias on the injector valve as the pressure of the fuel increases so as to reduce the sensitivity of the device to pressure variations as may occur under low speed operation. In the embodiments, the arrangement for changing the bias comprises either an elastomeric or a coil spring that acts against the main biasing spring of the injector valve and which are responsive to pressure in the accumulator chamber. In addition, a tapered discharge port arrangement is incorporated for the injector nozzle so that proportionately greater amounts of fuel will be discharged as the lift of the injection valve increases.

Abstract: A fuel injection system and method for a fuel injected engine of the multi cylinder type for minimizing variations in crankshaft speed due to variations in individual cylinder to cylinder firing. These variations are compensated for by changing the fuel injection and specifically the duration of the fuel injection. The engine speed is measured for each cylinder either by the time required to reach top dead center from a predetermined angle, the time to reach bottom dead center from a predetermined angle, or from the average speed.

Abstract: An accumulator type fuel injection nozzle having a relief valve for the control chamber that is controlled by an electromagnet constructed in such a way so as to reduce flux losses to the outer housing of the injection nozzle. In addition, the inlet and return ports of the nozzle are formed in the outer end of the nozzle and extend axially so that the mounting position of the nozzle will not be critical to the fuel connections to the pump and return lines.

Abstract: An accumulator type of fuel injection nozzle that permits greater control of the desired fuel discharge rate by achieving a triangular form of discharge with lesser amount of fuel being discharged during initial opening of the injection nozzle. This is achieved by selecting the preload of a spring that urges the injection valve to its closed position in accordance with formula set forth herein. The load and speed of the engine is controlled by varying the duty cycle of the injection nozzle and the pressure of the fuel supply to it.

Abstract: An accumulator type fuel injection nozzle having a relief valve for the control chamber that is controlled by an electromagnet constructed in such a way so as to reduce flux losses to the outer housing of the injection nozzle. In addition, the inlet and return ports of the nozzle are formed in the outer end of the nozzle and extend axially so that the mounting position of the nozzle will not be critical to the fuel connections to the pump and return lines.