Abstract: An apparatus includes a vibration member, an active vibration device configured to vibrate the vibration member, and a passive vibration device disposed at a periphery of the active vibration device to generate electrical energy, based on a deformation of the passive vibration device.

Abstract: A light path control member according to one embodiment includes a first substrate; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a light conversion unit disposed on the first electrode; a second electrode disposed on the light conversion unit; and a second substrate disposed on the second electrode. The light conversion unit includes a light transmitting part, a high reflective part around the light transmitting part, and a transmittance variable part between the light transmitting part and the high reflective part. The light transmittance of the transmittance variable part is changed based on the voltage applied.

Abstract: A display device having a thin-film transistor with increased mobility of electrons or holes includes a first semiconductor layer arranged on a substrate and including a first channel region, a first source region, and a first drain region; a first stressor arranged between the substrate and the first semiconductor layer and which overlaps the first source region in a plan view; a second stressor arranged between the substrate and the first semiconductor layer and which overlaps the first drain region in the plan view, where the second stressor is spaced apart from the first stressor; a gate insulating layer arranged on the first semiconductor layer; and a first gate electrode arranged on the gate insulating layer and which overlaps the first semiconductor layer in the plan view.

Abstract: A light path control device according to an embodiment includes a substrate; a first phase delay layer on the substrate that is configured to delay incident light by a first phase; a second phase delay layer on the first phase delay layer that is configured to delay incident light by a second phase that is different from the first phase; a viewing angle control layer that in direct contact with the second phase delay layer and configured to control a path of the incident light; and a polarization layer on the viewing angle control layer.

Abstract: A pixel includes: a first driving transistor and a second driving transistor; a first select transistor connected between a gate of the first driving transistor and a gate node; and a second select transistor connected between a gate of the second driving transistor and the gate node.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first substrate including a polymer resin, a protective layer on the first substrate, the protective layer including at least one selected from SiOCH, SiOC, SiOF, aromatic amine, diazonium tetrafluoroborate, and an aromatic diazonium compound, and a buffer layer on the protective layer, the buffer layer including a material different from a material included in the protective layer.

Abstract: A pixel includes: a first driving transistor and a second driving transistor; a first select transistor connected between a gate of the first driving transistor and a gate node; and a second select transistor connected between a gate of the second driving transistor and the gate node.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel and a metal plate disposed under the display panel, where the metal plate includes a first area and a second area which is adjacent to the first area, and a plurality of through holes is defined through the metal plate. The plurality of through holes includes a first through hole and a second through hole, which are spaced apart from each other at a first interval in the first area, and a third through hole and a fourth through hole, which are spaced apart from each other at a second interval in the second area, and the first interval is different from the second interval.

Abstract: Provided is a privacy protection film. The privacy protection film includes a transparent base substrate, a light control layer disposed on the transparent base substrate and including a plurality of optical pattern structures each having an upwardly protruding prism shape, a first electrode disposed on the light control layer, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, and a variable light diffusion layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and formed of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC).

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first substrate including a polymer resin, a protective layer on the first substrate, the protective layer including at least one selected from SiOCH, SiOC, SiOF, aromatic amine, diazonium tetrafluoroborate, and an aromatic diazonium compound, and a buffer layer on the protective layer, the buffer layer including a material different from a material included in the protective layer.

Abstract: A display device having a thin-film transistor with increased mobility of electrons or holes includes a first semiconductor layer arranged on a substrate and including a first channel region, a first source region, and a first drain region; a first stressor arranged between the substrate and the first semiconductor layer and which overlaps the first source region in a plan view; a second stressor arranged between the substrate and the first semiconductor layer and which overlaps the first drain region in the plan view, where the second stressor is spaced apart from the first stressor; a gate insulating layer arranged on the first semiconductor layer; and a first gate electrode arranged on the gate insulating layer and which overlaps the first semiconductor layer in the plan view.

Abstract: Provided is a privacy protection film. The privacy protection film includes a transparent base substrate, a light control layer disposed on the transparent base substrate and including a plurality of optical pattern structures each having an upwardly protruding prism shape, a first electrode disposed on the light control layer, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, and a variable light diffusion layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and formed of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC).

Abstract: a display device includes a lower substrate with lower electrodes and an upper substrate with upper electrodes, a plurality of pixels between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, electrochromic particles that are implanted into the plurality of pixels, each electrochromic particle comprising a core and a shell layer surrounding the core, and reflective layers on the lower electrodes and corresponding to the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: a display device includes a lower substrate with lower electrodes and an upper substrate with upper electrodes, a plurality of pixels between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, electrochromic particles that are implanted into the plurality of pixels, each electrochromic particle comprising a core and a shell layer surrounding the core, and reflective layers on the lower electrodes and corresponding to the plurality of pixels.