Abstract: A float glass includes a core layer, an upper ion exchange layer disposed on the core layer, and a lower ion exchange layer disposed below the core layer, where a density of the upper ion exchange layer is about 0.001 kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3) to about 0.01 kg/m3 greater than a density of the lower ion exchange layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate defining a top surface thereof, a bottom surface thereof facing the top surface, and side surfaces thereof connecting the top and bottom surfaces to each other. The side surfaces included: a first side surface defined by: a first patterned surface including a first pattern of which a length thereof extends in a diagonal direction in a plan view of the first patterned surface, and a second patterned surface which extends obliquely from an upper end of the first patterned surface, the second patterned surface including a second pattern of which a length thereof extends in a perpendicular direction from the upper end of the first patterned surface in a plan view of the second patterned surface.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate defining a top surface thereof, a bottom surface thereof facing the top surface, and side surfaces thereof connecting the top and bottom surfaces to each other. The side surfaces included: a first side surface defined by: a first patterned surface including a first pattern of which a length thereof extends in a diagonal direction in a plan view of the first patterned surface, and a second patterned surface which extends obliquely from an upper end of the first patterned surface, the second patterned surface including a second pattern of which a length thereof extends in a perpendicular direction from the upper end of the first patterned surface in a plan view of the second patterned surface.

Abstract: A light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which can improve the brightness of a display or an illumination system to which an OLED is applied by improving light extraction efficiency and a method of manufacturing the same. The light extraction substrate for an OLED includes an oxide or nitride thin film formed on a substrate body. The oxide or nitride thin film includes a base layer formed on the substrate body, a first texture formed on the base layer, the first texture having a plurality of first protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from the base layer, and a second texture having a plurality of second protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from each outer surface of the first protrusions.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate defining a top surface thereof, a bottom surface thereof facing the top surface, and side surfaces thereof connecting the top and bottom surfaces to each other. The side surfaces included: a first side surface defined by: a first patterned surface including a first pattern of which a length thereof extends in a diagonal direction in a plan view of the first patterned surface, and a second patterned surface which extends obliquely from an upper end of the first patterned surface, the second patterned surface including a second pattern of which a length thereof extends in a perpendicular direction from the upper end of the first patterned surface in a plan view of the second patterned surface.

Abstract: A float glass includes a core layer, an upper ion exchange layer disposed on the core layer, and a lower ion exchange layer disposed below the core layer, where a density of the upper ion exchange layer is about 0.001 kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3) to about 0.01 kg/m3 greater than a density of the lower ion exchange layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a light-scattering substrate, a light-scattering substrate fabricated by the same method, and an organic light-emitting device (OLED) including the same light-scattering substrate, in which a light-scattering layer of the light-scattering substrate can improve a light extraction efficiency. The method fabricates the light-scattering substrate by chemical vapor deposition, and includes loading a base substrate into a chamber, and forming a light-scattering layer on the base substrate by supplying a Ti source and an oxidizer including H2O into the chamber. In the process of forming the light-scattering layer, the mole ratio of the H2O with respect to the Ti is 10 or greater.

Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate which can increase light trapping efficiency and light extraction efficiency, a method of fabricating the same and a photovoltaic cell and organic light-emitting device (OLED) including the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate includes a base substrate, and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate. The metal oxide thin film has voids which are formed inside the metal oxide thin film to scatter light.

Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which exhibits superior light extraction efficiency and can be easily fabricated at low cost and a method of fabricating the same and a method of fabricating the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate for an OLED includes a base substrate and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate, the metal oxide thin film being made of a mixture of at least two metal oxides having different refractive indices.

Abstract: A cylindrical secondary battery including a battery unit including a wound first electrode plate, separator, and second electrode plate, and first and second electrode tabs respectively protruding from the first and second electrode plates; a can for accommodating the battery unit; a cap assembly for sealing an opening of the can; and a first insulation plate in the can and on an upper portion of the battery unit, the first insulation plate being configured to prevent a short between the first electrode tab and the second electrode plate having different polarities, wherein the first insulation plate includes a linear small aperture through which the first electrode tab extends and a circular small aperture for injection of an electrolyte, and the linear and circular small apertures are disposed in a region equal to or less than 50% of the first insulation plate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a light-scattering substrate, a light-scattering substrate fabricated by the same method, and an organic light-emitting device (OLED) including the same light-scattering substrate, in which a light-scattering layer of the light-scattering substrate can improve a light extraction efficiency. The method fabricates the light-scattering substrate by chemical vapor deposition, and includes loading a base substrate into a chamber, and forming a light-scattering layer on the base substrate by supplying a Ti source and an oxidizer including H2O into the chamber. In the process of forming the light-scattering layer, the mole ratio of the H2O with respect to the Ti is 10 or greater.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with which the scattering distribution of light that is emitted from the OLED can be artificially controlled. The method includes the step of forming a light extraction layer by depositing an inorganic oxide at least twice on a base substrate, thereby controlling a structure of a texture formed on a surface of the light extraction layer.

Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which exhibits superior light extraction efficiency and can be easily fabricated at low cost and a method of fabricating the same and a method of fabricating the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate for an OLED includes a base substrate and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate, the metal oxide thin film being made of a mixture of at least two metal oxides having different refractive indices.

Abstract: A gas injector which can inject at a uniform velocity and an injector pipe used for the same. The gas injector includes a body, a gas flow path formed inside the body, the gas flow path extending from one end to the other end in a lengthwise direction of the body, a blade formed inside the body and connected to the gas flow path so as to inject gas, and an injector pipe inserted into the gas flow path. The injector pipe receives the gas from the gas supply, and distributes the gas through a plurality of holes to the gas flow path. The plurality of holes of the injector pipe include a plurality of first holes and a plurality of second holes which are formed along two parallel lines extending in the lengthwise direction of the injector pipe, the first holes alternating with the second holes.

Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate which can increase light trapping efficiency and light extraction efficiency, a method of fabricating the same and a photovoltaic cell and organic light-emitting device (OLED) including the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate includes a base substrate, and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate. The metal oxide thin film has voids which are formed inside the metal oxide thin film to scatter light.

Abstract: A substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) and a method of manufacturing the same, in which the light extraction efficiency and process efficiency of the OLED can be improved. The substrate for an OLED that includes a base substrate, a first metal oxide thin film coating one surface of the base substrate, the first metal oxide thin film having a first texture on a surface thereof, a second metal oxide thin film coating the other surface of the base substrate, and a third metal oxide thin film coating a surface of the second metal oxide thin film.

Abstract: A light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which can improve the brightness of a display or an illumination system to which an OLED is applied by improving light extraction efficiency and a method of manufacturing the same. The light extraction substrate for an OLED includes an oxide or nitride thin film formed on a substrate body. The oxide or nitride thin film includes a base layer formed on the substrate body, a first texture formed on the base layer, the first texture having a plurality of first protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from the base layer, and a second texture having a plurality of second protrusions which protrude continuously or discontinuously from each outer surface of the first protrusions.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an electrode assembly; a battery case accommodating the electrode assembly; and a cap assembly comprising: a cap plate comprising a top portion and at least one opening; and a vent member comprising two or more notches and a supporting portion, wherein the vent member is configured to break at the two or more notches and bend along two or more lines adjacent to the supporting portion.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an electrode assembly; a battery case accommodating the electrode assembly; and a cap assembly comprising: a cap plate comprising a top portion and at least one opening; and a vent member comprising two or more notches and a supporting portion, wherein the vent member is configured to break at the two or more notches and bend along two or more lines adjacent to the supporting portion.

Abstract: A cylindrical secondary battery including a battery unit including a wound first electrode plate, separator, and second electrode plate, and first and second electrode tabs respectively protruding from the first and second electrode plates; a can for accommodating the battery unit; a cap assembly for sealing an opening of the can; and a first insulation plate in the can and on an upper portion of the battery unit, the first insulation plate being configured to prevent a short between the first electrode tab and the second electrode plate having different polarities, wherein the first insulation plate includes a linear small aperture through which the first electrode tab extends and a circular small aperture for injection of an electrolyte, and the linear and circular small apertures are disposed in a region equal to or less than 50% of the first insulation plate.