Abstract: Provided is a method of forming fine patterns capable of minimizing LER and LWR to form high quality nanopatterns, by using a block copolymer having excellent etching selectivity.

Abstract: A blood pressure estimating method includes measuring a biosignal including pulse wave information of a user, determining a calibration method for a blood pressure estimation model, calibrating the blood pressure estimation model using the determined calibration method, and estimating a blood pressure of the user from the biosignal using the calibrated blood pressure estimation model.

Abstract: A zoom optical system includes a first lens group, a position of which with respect to an imaging plane is adjustable, and including first and second lenses. The zoom optical system also includes a second lens group of which a position with respect to the imaging plane is adjustable and includes third to fifth lenses. The zoom optical system further includes a third lens group including a sixth lens. An object-side surface of the first lens is convex.

Abstract: A composite negative active material, and a negative electrode and a lithium secondary battery that include the composite negative active material, and a method of preparing the composite negative active material are disclosed. The composite negative active material includes: a core including a silicon material and a coating layer disposed on the core, wherein the coating layer includes a water-insoluble polymer composite in which at least one anionic component is chemically bonded to a water-soluble polymer, thereby improving lifespan characteristics of the composite negative active material.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for communication in a wireless local area network (LAN) system supporting a multi-bandwidth in which a communication apparatus supporting a multi-bandwidth includes generating a base frame based on at least one of a first bandwidth having the lowest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) among predetermined bandwidths and a second bandwidth that is two times greater than the first bandwidth, configuring a duplication mode frame based on the base frame, and transmitting the duplication mode frame through a plurality of bands.

Abstract: A logic device includes: a function block and a configuration block. The function block is configurable to perform operations associated with a plurality of operation modes. The configuration block is configured to configure the function block to perform an operation associated with any one of the plurality of operation modes. The logic device also includes a controller configured to control the configuration block so that the function block is configured to perform the operation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube reactor and a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube heat exchanger, and to a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube reactor and a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube heat exchanger which provide a new type of reactor and heat exchanger, thereby maximizing catalyst performance and improving performance of the reactor by optimizing heat exchange efficiency and a heat flow, uniformly distributing a reactant, and increasing a flow rate of the reactant, and accordingly making the reactor and the heat exchanger compact.

Abstract: A tool for surgical operation using ultrasonic waves is provided. The tool includes a transducer generating ultrasonic waves, a cylindrical bar-shaped transmitting rod for transmitting the ultrasonic waves, an end effector for cutting a surgical site using the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the transmitting rod, extended from one end of the transmitting rod, in which a part of the circular cross-sectional area thereof is flatly formed from the point corresponding to a second vibration node so as to allow gain step to start at the second vibration node, a rod cover for encompassing the transmitting rod using, as connection points, a plurality of vibration nodes formed when ultrasonic waves are transmitted through the transmitting rod, and a jaw for holding the surgical site while engaged with the end effector, is combined to one end of the rod cover in a pivotable manner, and is positioned to face the end effector.

Abstract: A stereoscopic image display device including: a main display panel operable to alternately display a left image and a right image; an auxiliary display panel including first and second substrates having a pixel part corresponding to that of the main display panel and a sub-liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates, and positioned in front of the main display panel to change polarization information of an incident left or right image; a plurality of first electrodes patterned on the first substrate along the rows of pixels formed on the main display panel; a second electrode formed on a front surface of the pixel part of the second substrate; and a light source to supply light to the rear side of the main display panel. Both a 3D vertical viewing angle and 2D luminance in a glass-type 2D display can be improved.

Abstract: A Positional Scanning-Synthetic Peptide Combinatorial Library (PS-SPC) searching apparatus and method using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) are provided. The method includes spotting and fixing each of a plurality of peptide pools to a top of one thin metal film, inputting specific materials to the top of the thin metal film, applying a TM-mode light to a bottom of the thin metal film and exciting SPR for the thin metal film, and detecting a TM mode reflected light reflected from the thin metal film and displaying the detected light as a two-dimensional image.

Abstract: An SRAM cell includes first through fifth active regions. The first through fourth active regions comprise channel regions and source/drain (S/D) regions of first through fourth transistors respectively, and the fifth active region comprises channel regions and S/D regions of fifth and sixth transistors. The SRAM cell further includes first through sixth gates configured to engage the channel regions of the first through sixth transistors. The first and second gates are electrically connected. The third and fourth gates are electrically connected. The SRAM cell further includes first conductive features that electrically connect one of the S/D regions of the first transistor, one of the S/D regions of the second transistor, and the third gate. The SRAM cell further includes second conductive features that electrically connect the second gate, one of the S/D regions of the third transistor, one of the S/D regions of the fourth transistor, and the fifth gate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound containing phosphonium ion of a chemical formula 1, an epoxy resin composition containing the same, and a device manufactured by using the same.

Abstract: In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may change a device operating voltage from a first voltage to a second voltage while the assist circuit is in a first state. The apparatus may also maintain the device operating voltage at the second voltage for a predetermined time. The apparatus may switch the assist circuit from the first state to a second state. The apparatus may adjust the device operating voltage to a third voltage after the predetermined time, wherein the second voltage is a voltage level between the first voltage and the third voltage. By transitioning the device operating voltage from the first voltage to the third voltage while at the same time preventing the assist circuit from entering particular read assist states, the apparatus may reduce a likelihood of read failures.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polarizer includes forming a first layer on a base substrate, forming a first partition wall layer on the first layer, forming a second partition wall layer on the first partition wall, forming a plurality of first partition wall patterns and a plurality of second partition walls disposed on the first partition wall patterns by etching the first partition wall and the second partition wall at the same time, forming a block copolymer layer on the first layer on which the plurality of first partition wall patterns are formed, forming a plurality of fine patterns from the block copolymer layer, and patterning the first layer using the fine patterns and the second partition wall patterns as a mask.

Abstract: An encapsulation composition, an encapsulation film including the same, an encapsulation product for organic electronic devices, and a method of manufacturing an organic electronic device are provided. The encapsulation composition can be useful in effectively preventing moisture or oxygen from flowing into the organic electronic device from external environments while realizing transparency when the organic electronic device is encapsulated by the encapsulation composition. Also, the encapsulation film formed of the encapsulation composition can be useful in ensuring mechanical properties such as handling properties and processability, and the organic electronic device whose encapsulation structure is formed by means of the encapsulation film may have improved lifespan and durability, thereby providing an encapsulation product for organic electronic devices showing high reliability.

Abstract: A flat panel lighting apparatus, which makes it easy to replace a circuit board with LEDs thereon, is provided. The flat panel lighting apparatus includes a backplate, a driving unit, a light guide plate, a frame, a bracket, a circuit board, a connector and a cable connecting the driving unit and the circuit board. The frame with an opening portion is disposed at an outer periphery of the backplate and the light guide plate. The bracket is detachably coupled to the opening portion of the frame. The circuit board with light sources, is disposed in a space between the frame and the light guide plate, and is replaceable in a sliding type through the opening portion of the frame when the bracket is decoupled from the frame. The connector has a female terminal attached to the circuit board and a male terminal detachably coupled to the female terminal.

Abstract: The substrate treating apparatus includes a process chamber in which an organic solvent remaining on a substrate is dissolved by using a fluid, that is provided as a supercritical fluid, to dry the substrate and a recycling unit including a recycler separating the organic solvent from the fluid discharged from the process chamber to recycle the fluid. The recycler includes a column having a space in which an absorbent for absorbing the organic solvent is stored, a supply tube supplying the fluid discharged from the process chamber into the space of the column, a discharge tube discharging the fluid from which the organic solvent is separated in the column, a gas supply tube supplying a purge gas into the column so that the organic solvent is separated from the absorbent, and an exhaust tube exhausting the purge gas containing the organic solvent to the outside of the column.

Abstract: A method and a device for selecting a radio in an electronic device with a hybrid radio function. The method includes detecting an entrance to a hybrid radio function; determining a default radio mode to be executed as a default in response to a preconfigured mode determination condition; and receiving and reproducing a radio broadcast in a radio mode corresponding to the determined default radio mode. The present disclosure can be applied to various other embodiments based on the aforementioned embodiment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an aluminum electrode using a solution process and an aluminum electrode manufactured thereby. The manufacturing method includes the steps of: manufacturing an aluminum precursor solution for the solution processing using AlH3 as a basic material before forming aluminum; coating the aluminum precursor solution on a substrate through the solution process and drying the aluminum precursor solution; and forming a low work function aluminum electrode through a low-temperature baking process at the temperature of at most 150° C. The method for manufacturing the aluminum electrode according to the present invention improves a thermal defect of the electrode due to a high-temperature baking process, prevents excessive loss of raw materials, and can manufacture aluminum electrodes of various sizes with area ranging from small to large at relatively low costs and by a simple process under atmospheric pressure.