Abstract: A secondary battery has a structure including an internal core portion containing an electrolyte having a relatively lower crosslinking degree, and surrounded with a peripheral portion containing an electrolyte having a relatively higher crosslinking degree. It is possible to provide an effect of improving both ion conductivity and mechanical properties by virtue of such structural characteristics. The electrolyte portion having a lower crosslinking degree is confined by the electrolyte having a higher crosslinking degree to provide an effect of preventing electrolyte leakage. The secondary battery can be obtained by a simple method that includes crosslinking only the peripheral portion before the core portion reaches to a crosslinking temperature and is crosslinked under an environment preheated to the crosslinking temperature or higher. As a result, there is no adverse effect upon the processing efficiency, since any separate device or system line is not required to carry out the crosslinking.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for transmitting or receiving uplink feedback information in a communication system. An operation method of a terminal may comprise receiving downlink control information (DCI) from a base station, the DCI including resource allocation information of a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH); receiving data #n from the base station through the PDSCH indicated by the DCI; generating a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) codebook including an HARQ response bit #n for the data #n and an HARQ response bit #n-1 for data #n-1 received from the base station before the data #n; and transmitting the HARQ codebook to the base station. Therefore, the performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery includes a compound represented by Formula 1 as follows, a lithium salt, and an organic solvent; and a lithium secondary battery including the same: wherein R1 to R3, L1 and A? are described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermosetting electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel polymer electrolyte, and particularly, to a thermosetting electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery, which includes LiPF6 as a first lithium salt, a second lithium salt excluding the LiPF6, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and a polymer or oligomer containing a unit represented by Formula 1, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data in sidelink communication, performed by a transmitting terminal, may comprise transmitting first control information including first resource allocation information for a first data transmission resource and second resource allocation information for a second data transmission resource; transmitting data through the first data transmission resource; transmitting second control information including the first resource allocation information for the first data transmission resource and the second resource allocation information for the second data transmission resource; and transmitting data through the second data transmission resource.

Abstract: Provided are a lithium secondary battery and a manufacturing method thereof capable of improving the lifespan properties and high-temperature storage properties of the lithium secondary battery, wherein the lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material and one or more additives selected from succinonitrile (SN), propane sultone (PS), and propene sultone (PRS). The lithium secondary battery further includes a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a gel polymer electrolyte, wherein the additive is included in an amount of 0.2 parts by weight to 5.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material layer.

Abstract: An Energy Storage System (ESS) module includes a cell stack assembly including a cell stack formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells and a plurality of mica barrier assemblies and a pair of bus bar frames coupled to both side portions of the cell stack; and a housing configured to accommodate the cell stack assembly and having a plurality of flow path holes formed at locations corresponding to a front side, a rear side and both side portions of the cell stack assembly, wherein the mica barrier assembly is provided between adjacent battery cells and at an outermost side of the cell stack to form a flow path along a stacking direction of the cell stack at a temperature lower than a reference temperature and to block the flow path at a temperature equal to or higher than the reference temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for beam failure recovery in a communication system. The method for beam failure recovery includes the steps of: searching for a plurality of candidate beams when a beam failure is detected; transmitting a beam failure recovery request signal to a base station by using beam #1 of the plurality of candidate beams; receiving a beam failure recovery response signal in response to the beam failure recovery request signal via beam #1 from the base station; and transmitting an SR requesting a resource for transmission of multi-beam setting information to the base station, wherein the multi-beam setting information includes indexes of one or more beams excluding beam #1 of the plurality of candidate beams. Therefore, performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: Methods for forming samples of noble metal bipyramid nanocrystals having very low size and shape polydispersities from samples of mixed noble metal nanocrystals are provided. The samples include those comprising high purity, substantially monodisperse, plasmonic gold bipyramid nanocrystals. Also provided are methods of growing secondary twinned metal nanocrystals using the noble metal bipyramid nanocrystals as seed particles. Like the seed bipyramid nanocrystals from which they are grown, the secondary nanocrystals are twinned nanocrystals and may also be characterized by very low size and shape polydispersities. Secondary twinned nanocrystals grown by these methods include enlarged metal bipyramid nanocrystals and nanocrystals with anisotropic “dumbbell” shapes having a variety of tip geometries. Methods for using noble metal bipyramid nanocrystals as plasmonic heaters to heat reaction solutions via plasmonic-photothermal radiation-to-heat conversion are also provided.

Abstract: A method for mapping a physical hybrid automatic repeat request indicator channel (PHICH) is described. The method for mapping a PHICH includes determining an index of a resource element group transmitting a repetitive pattern of the PHICH, according to a ratio of the number of available resource element groups in a symbol in which the PHICH is transmitted and the number of available resource element groups in a first or second OFDM symbol, and mapping the PHICH to the symbol according to the determined index. In transmitting the PHICH, since efficient mapping is performed considering available resource elements varying with OFDM symbols, repetition of the PHICH does not generate interference between neighbor cell IDs and performance is improved.

Abstract: A battery module includes a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, a module frame that surrounds the battery cell stack, a bus bar frame that covers the portion of the battery cell stack exposed from the module frame, a bus bar that is connected to an electrode lead protruding from the battery cell stack through the bus bar frame, a gas sensor formed on the bus bar frame, a bus bar cover portion that covers the bus bar, and a neutralizer housing portion formed on the bus bar cover portion.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a lower pack frame on which a plurality of battery modules are mounted; an upper pack frame located in the upper part of the plurality of battery modules; and a rigid beam included in the lower pack frame, wherein the rigid beam is formed of a reinforcing member including a viscous damper or a viscoelastic damper.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery pack including a battery module having a plurality of battery cells, and a heat dissipation member provided in contact with a bus bar at a side surface of the battery module where electrode leads of the battery cells and the bus bar coupled to the electrode leads are disposed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for configuring a bandwidth for supporting a broadband carrier in a communication system. An operation method of a base station comprises the steps of: configuring a first bandwidth part and a second bandwidth part for a terminal; configuring a reserved resource for the first bandwidth part in a resource area in which the first bandwidth part and the second bandwidth part overlap; and performing an operation of transmitting or receiving a second data channel, which is scheduled to the second bandwidth part, together with the terminal by using the reserved resource. Therefore, the performance of the communication system can be improved.

Abstract: A method by which a terminal operating in an unlicensed band transmits a signal includes the steps of: receiving, from a base station, configuration information about a carrier; receiving configuration information for configuring N (where N is an integer) guard band(s) for some frequency domains of the carrier; and transmitting a signal to the base station by using a first frequency domain of a bandwidth part belonging to the carrier, wherein the first frequency domain can be a domain excluding the N guard band(s) from the frequency domain of the bandwidth part.

Abstract: A method and a device for supporting multicast transmission are disclosed. A terminal operating method comprises the steps of: receiving, from a base station, an RRC message indicating the activation of HARQ-ACK feedback; receiving, from the base station, a first DCI including information indicating deactivation of the HARQ-ACK feedback; receiving, from the base station, a first multicast PDSCH on the basis of first scheduling information included in the first DCI; generating a first HARQ-ACK bit for the first multicast PDSCH even if the first DCI indicates deactivation of the HARQ-ACK feedback; generating a HARQ codebook including the first HARQ-ACK bit; and transmitting, to the base station, the HARQ codebook through an uplink channel.

Abstract: A battery module includes a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; a module frame that houses the battery cell stack; and a damper included in the module frame or located adjacent to the module frame. The module frame comprises an upper cover that wraps an upper surface of the battery cell stack and a bottom part that wraps a lower surface of the battery cell stack, and wherein the damper comprises a viscous damper or a viscoelastic damper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thermosetting electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel polymer electrolyte, and particularly, to a thermosetting electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery, which includes LiPF6 as a first lithium salt, a second lithium salt excluding the LiPF6, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and a polymer or oligomer containing a unit represented by Formula 1, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and a lithium secondary battery including the gel polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: A method of activating a secondary battery includes an operation of deriving a reduction reaction voltage according to an electrolyte additive, a pre-charging operation of pre-charging the secondary battery into which an electrolyte containing the electrolyte additive is injected, and a pre-aging operation of wetting an electrode assembly accommodated in the secondary battery with the injected electrolyte and aging the electrode assembly. A charging termination voltage in the pre-charging operation is less than the reduction reaction voltage.

Abstract: An operation method of a terminal in a communication system may comprise: receiving one or more data units from a base station; generating a HARQ codebook for at least one dada unit of the one or more data units at a reference time; and transmitting the HARQ codebook to the base station, wherein the reference time is shared by the terminal and the base station.