Abstract: A display may include an array of pixels. Each pixel in the array includes an organic light-emitting diode coupled to associated thin-film transistors. The diode may be coupled to drive transistor circuitry, a data loading transistor, and emission transistors. The drive transistor circuitry may include at least two transistor portions connected in series. The data loading transistor has a drain region connected to a data line and a source region connected directly to the drive transistor circuitry. The data line may be connected to and overlap the drain region of the data loading transistor. The data line and the source region of the data loading transistor are non-overlapping to reduce row-to-row crosstalk.

Abstract: A method for adjusting point cloud density, an electronic device, and a storage medium are provided. In the method an initial point cloud map and a distance determination threshold of a robot are obtained. A plurality of target regions in the initial point cloud map are determined, and an environmental complexity value of each target region is calculated. The initial point cloud map is divided into submaps, and a point cloud density coefficient of each submap is determined. The initial point cloud map is adjusted according to the point cloud density coefficient and the target point cloud map is obtained. By utilizing such method, adjustment efficiency and an accuracy of point cloud density can be improved.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for high performance liquid chromatography. The apparatus includes a preparation loop comprising two linear stepping pumps, a sample loop comprising a sample injector, a chromatography column, and a detector device. The detector device can include a flash lamp, a flow cell, and a light sensor comprising an entrance slit, a grating; and a charge-coupled device array.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for characterizing a biological sample or an airborne sample. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the device comprises an electrospray source, a mass analyzer, a charge detector, and optionally, an ion guide. The present device is useful in analyzing the particle population in the biological or airborne sample based on the mass to charge (m/z) ratio and the charge (z) of each particle. Also disclosed herein are the methods of making a diagnosis of cancer by use of the present device, and methods of determining the mass distribution of particles in an airborne sample.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for characterizing a biological sample or an airborne sample. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the device comprises an electrospray source, a mass analyzer, a charge detector, and optionally, an ion guide. The present device is useful in analyzing the particle population in the biological or airborne sample based on the mass to charge (m/z) ratio and the charge (z) of each particle. Also disclosed herein are the methods of making a diagnosis of cancer by use of the present device, and methods of determining the mass distribution of particles in an airborne sample.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for high performance liquid chromatography. The apparatus includes a preparation loop comprising two linear stepping pumps, a sample loop comprising a sample injector, a chromatography column, and a detector device. The detector device can include a flash lamp, a flow cell, and a light sensor comprising an entrance slit, a grating; and a charge-coupled device array.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for high performance liquid chromatography. The apparatus includes a preparation loop comprising two linear stepping pumps, a sample loop comprising a sample injector, a chromatography column, and a detector device. The detector device can include a flash lamp, a flow cell, and a light sensor comprising an entrance slit, a grating; and a charge-coupled device array.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for creating a pulsed ion beam. The pulsed ion beam can be used for performing mass spectrometry. A pulsed solenoid valve can provide a pulsed ion beam from an electrospray in a pre-vacuum chamber. The pulsed ion beam can enter a high vacuum region and a mass analyzer for mass spectrometry.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for automatic amino acid sequencing of a glycopeptide by mass spectrometry. The glycopeptide is fragmented by higher energy collision dissociation fragmentation, and sequentially fragmented by collision induced dissociation fragmentation. The glycopeptide Y1 ion is isolated, and the mass spectra of fragmented glycopeptide Y1 ions provide mass spectral peaks corresponding to the amino acid sequence of the glycopeptide.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for portable mass spectrometry are disclosed. The apparatuses comprise at least one source of ionized analyte, at least one frequency scanning subsystem, at least one detector, and optionally at least one vacuum pump, and are portable. In some embodiments, the apparatuses comprise multiple sources of ionized analyte and/or are configured to obtain mass spectra of a large analyte, such as analyte with an m/z ratio of at least 105, or analyte with a molecular weight of at least 105 Da, as well as mass spectra of small molecule analyte. In some embodiments, the methods comprise obtaining mass spectra with a portable apparatus described above.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for automatic amino acid sequencing of a glycopeptide by mass spectrometry. The glycopeptide is fragmented by higher energy collision dissociation fragmentation, and sequentially fragmented by collision induced dissociation fragmentation. The glycopeptide Y1 ion is isolated, and the mass spectra of fragmented glycopeptide Y1 ions provide mass spectral peaks corresponding to the amino acid sequence of the glycopeptide.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for high performance liquid chromatography. The apparatus includes a preparation loop comprising two linear stepping pumps, a sample loop comprising a sample injector, a chromatography column, and a detector device. The detector device can include a flash lamp, a flow cell, and a light sensor comprising an entrance slit, a grating; and a charge-coupled device array.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for creating a pulsed ion beam. The pulsed ion beam can be used for performing mass spectrometry. A pulsed solenoid valve can provide a pulsed ion beam from an electrospray in a pre-vacuum chamber. The pulsed ion beam can enter a high vacuum region and a mass analyzer for mass spectrometry.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for performing mass spectrometry of a nanoparticle or virus analyte. Apparatus may include a laser desorption plate, a mass analyzer configured to measure mass over the range of m/z from 105 to 1010, an electrical shield surrounding the mass analyzer, and a charge sensitive detector, wherein the laser firing is phase lock synchronized with the applied radiofrequency voltages.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for performing mass spectrometry of a nanoparticle or virus analyte. Apparatus may include a laser desorption plate, a mass analyzer configured to measure mass over the range of m/z from 105 to 1010, an electrical shield surrounding the mass analyzer, and a charge sensitive detector, wherein the laser firing is phase lock synchronized with the applied radiofrequency voltages.

Abstract: A novel system and methods for accelerating analytes including, without limitation, molecular ions, biomolecules, polymers, nano- and microparticles, is provided. The invention can be useful for increasing detection sensitivity in applications such as mass spectrometry, performing collision-induced dissociation molecular structure analysis, and probing surfaces and samples using accelerated analyte.

Abstract: An ion trap mass spectrometer and methods for obtaining a mass spectrum of ions by step scanning the driving frequency in frequency increments over a bandwidth, wherein for each step a specific frequency is held for a fixed number of complete cycles, wherein each specific frequency is changed continuously to the frequency in the next step, and wherein each specific frequency in each step starts at phase zero position.

Abstract: An ion trap mass spectrometer and methods for obtaining a mass spectrum of ions by step scanning the driving frequency in frequency increments over a bandwidth, wherein for each step a specific frequency is held for a fixed number of complete cycles, wherein each specific frequency is changed continuously to the frequency in the next step, and wherein each specific frequency in each step starts at phase zero position.

Abstract: A novel system and methods for accelerating analytes including, without limitation, molecular ions, biomolecules, polymers, nano- and microparticles, is provided. The invention can be useful for increasing detection sensitivity in applications such as mass spectrometry, performing collision-induced dissociation molecular structure analysis, and probing surfaces and samples using accelerated analyte.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer and methods for obtaining the mass spectrum of a single macromolecular or biomolecular ion in a mass spectrometer. The methods include creating single macromolecular or biomolecular primary ions in an ion trap by ionization of a macromolecule or biomolecule; ejecting half of the primary ions for detection with a first charge detector; ejecting half of the primary ions to impact upon a conversion dynode, thereby creating secondary ions for detection with charge amplification detector such as a channeltron or an electromultiplier or an MCP.