Abstract: The present disclosure provides a thin film transistor array. In an exemplary embodiment, the thin film transistor array includes: a substrate; a gate line including a gate pad and disposed on the substrate; a gate insulating layer disposed on the gate line and the gate pad; a data line including a data pad and disposed on the gate insulating layer; a first passivation layer disposed on the data line; a first electrode disposed on the first passivation layer; a second passivation layer disposed on the first electrode; and a second electrode disposed on the second passivation layer. The gate pad is exposed through a first contact hole, and the gate insulating layer, the first passivation layer, and the second passivation layer include at least a portion of the first contact hole.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. In one aspect, the LCD comprises a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates. The first substrate comprises a first insulating substrate, a thin film transistor (TFT) formed over the first insulating substrate and including a drain electrode, and an insulating layer covering the TFT and comprising upper and lower portions having different heights, wherein the insulating layer has an opening formed through the lower portion so as to expose the drain electrode. The first substrate also comprises a reference electrode formed over the insulating layer, an inter-insulating electrode covering the reference electrode, and a pixel electrode formed over the inter-insulating layer and electrically connected to the drain electrode through the opening.

Abstract: A chemically amplified photoresist composition is provided which includes: a solute including a novolac resin with an acid decomposable protecting group, a photoacid generator, and an organic solvent.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: an insulation substrate; a thin film transistor disposed on the insulation substrate, wherein the thin film transistor includes a first electrode; a first contact hole pattern having a first width, wherein the first contact hole pattern exposes a portion of the first electrode, and a first contact hole to expose the portion of the first electrode, wherein an inner sidewall of the first contact hole pattern constitutes a first portion of the first contact hole.

Abstract: Instead of forming contact holes the same way in both the non-image forming peripheral area (PA) and the image forming display area of a thin film transistor array panel, contact holes in the DA are formed to be substantially smaller than those in the PA for thereby improving an aperture ratio of the corresponding display device. In an exemplary embodiment, an inorganic gate insulating layer is not etched in the DA and only an inorganic first passivation layer among inorganic insulating layers positioned in the DA is etched to allow communication between the drain electrode and the corresponding field generating electrode. On the other hand, in the peripheral area, plural inorganic insulating layers such as the gate insulating layer, the first passivation layer, and the second passivation layer positioned on the gate wire and the data wire are simultaneously etched to form second contact holes and third contact holes exposing respective gate pads and data pads.

Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate includes a gate electrode on a base substrate, an active pattern on the gate electrode, a source electrode on a first end of the active pattern, a drain electrode on a second end of the active pattern, an organic insulation layer on the source electrode and the drain electrode, and a transparent electrode contacting the drain electrode through a contact opening in the organic insulation layer. The drain electrode is spaced from the source electrode. The organic insulation layer includes a first thickness portion around the contact opening and a second thickness portion adjacent to the first thickness portion. The second thickness portion has a thickness greater than that of the first thickness portion.

Abstract: A photoresist composition a photoresist composition includes about 0.1 to about 30 parts by weight of a photo-initiator, about 1 to 50 parts by weight of a first acrylate monomer including at least five functional groups, about 1 to 50 parts by weight of a second acrylate monomer including at most four functional groups with respect to about 100 parts by weight of an acryl-copolymer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an allogeneic soft-tissue transplant having autologous stem cells transplanted therein using an allogeneic soft-tissue support that is obtained from an allogeneic organism. In this regard, an allogeneic soft-tissue transplant that can replace a damaged soft-tissue of a human body is manufactured.

Abstract: A wall structure, method of manufacturing the same, and display panel including the wall structure are disclosed. In one aspect, the wall structure includes a plurality of first walls each extending in a first direction and a plurality of second walls each extending in a second direction crossing the first direction so as to form an intersection region between the first and second walls. The first and second walls are configured to define and surround a plurality of pixel regions of the display device. Each of the first and second walls has a width greater at the intersection region than the remaining non-intersection region.

Abstract: A photoresist composition, a method of forming a pattern, and a method of manufacturing a thin film transistor substrate, the composition including a solvent, a novolak resin, a diazide-based photo-sensitizer, an acryl compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:

Abstract: A display device and method of fabricating the same are disclosed. In one aspect, the display device includes a substrate, a black matrix formed over the substrate, and a transparent electrode formed over the substrate. The black matrix and the transparent electrode have first and second areas, respectively. The sum of the first and second areas is substantially equal to the surface area of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a pattern includes forming a pattern material layer on a substrate, forming a protective layer on the pattern material layer, forming a resist layer on the protective layer, selectively exposing the resist layer to light, and developing the selectively exposed resist layer.

Abstract: Provided is a data transmitting and receiving method in which a display apparatus connectable to a wireless network transmits and receives data to and from a user terminal by using a pointing apparatus. The data transmitting and receiving method includes (a) acquiring position information of a region, pointed by the pointing apparatus, in the display apparatus and (b) transmitting data, corresponding to an object displayed in the region on a screen of the display apparatus, to the user terminal by using the pointing apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed are a multi-screen display system and a method of correcting a time synchronization of image signals respectively played by unit display panels. The multi-screen display system includes a multi-screen display apparatus configured to include a plurality of unit display panels and a timing sensing apparatus configured to sense, outside the multi-screen display apparatus, time synchronization information about the unit image frames respectively played by the unit display panels. The timing sensing apparatus calculates a time synchronization error between the unit image frames respectively played by the unit display panels, based on the time synchronization information, and transmits the time synchronization error to the multi-screen display apparatus.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a thin film transistor array panel includes: simultaneously forming a gate conductor and a first electrode on a substrate, using a non-peroxide-based etchant; forming a gate insulating layer on the gate conductor and the first electrode; forming a semiconductor, a source electrode, and a drain electrode on the gate insulating layer; forming a passivation layer on the semiconductor, the source electrode, and the drain electrode; and forming a second electrode layer on the passivation layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed on the first substrate, and a controllable layer disposed between the first and second substrates. The first substrate includes a pixel. The pixel includes a display region and a non-display region. The first substrate further includes: a transistor disposed in the non-display region; a protection layer disposed on and covering the transistor; a first electrode disposed on the protection layer; and a second electrode disposed on the first electrode, the second electrode being insulated from the first electrode and including a slit disposed in the display region. One of the first electrode and the second electrode is electrically connected to the transistor via a contact hole extending through the protection layer. The other of the first electrode and the second electrode is configured to receive a common voltage. The contact hole and the slit do not overlap one another.

Abstract: A switching power-supply device includes a main switching element connected between a power-supply and an output terminal; a driving circuit that drives the main switching element; a capacitor that feeds power to the driving circuit; a charging circuit that charges the capacitor when the main switching element is switched from an on-state to an off-state; a switching control circuit that performs switching control of alternately switching the main switching element to the on-state and the off-state via the driving circuit; a voltage detection circuit that detects a voltage between both ends of the capacitor, and a driving control circuit that switches a state of prohibiting driving of the main switching element and a state of permitting driving of the main switching element, based on a difference between an output voltage output from the output terminal and a preset reference voltage and the voltage between both ends of the capacitor.

Abstract: A DRM technique interoperability system includes an exporter and an importer. The exporter cancels the DRM technique from the contents to which the DRM technique of a DRM device is applied to generate a contents stream, generates a plurality of packets from the contents stream, and transmits the packets to the importer. The importer receives a plurality of packets from the exporter, generates a contents stream from the plurality of packets, applies a DRM technique of a second DRM device to the contents stream, and provides it to the second DRM device.

Abstract: A battery cooling system for a vehicle is provided that includes a battery case installed on a roof or a floor of the vehicle, having an internal space formed in a length direction, including a blower disposed at one side of the internal space; a plurality of battery packs continuously installed in the battery case; and inner ducts provided in the plurality of battery packs, respectively, formed to enclose the respective battery packs in the battery case, and having a first plurality of apertures disposed at one end of the inner ducts so as to be in communication with outside of the battery case and a second plurality of apertures disposed at an opposite end of the inner ducts so as to be in communication with the inside of the battery case, the respective second apertures each having different outlet resistances.

Abstract: A display device and a lighting device are provided. The display device includes a display element for outputting an image according to a provided image signal, a frame disposed on a rear surface of the display element, and a reflection layer formed on the frame and positioned between the display device and the frame, the reflection layer being a coating layer formed using a paint including at least one of silver and aluminum. When the backlighting device of the display device is configured, a reflection plate where deposition films and a reflection layer made of a metal component are deposited is not required and the reflection layer is formed on the frame by using a paint having at least one of silver and aluminum as its main components, thereby simplifying a manufacturing process, and contributing to reducing the thickness of the display device.