Abstract: Provided is an image decoding method of decoding an image, the image decoding method including: obtaining at least one of block shape information and split shape information about a first coding unit included in the image, from a bitstream; determining at least one second coding unit included in the first coding unit based on at least one of the block shape information and the split shape information; and decoding the image based on the at least one second coding unit, wherein the block shape information indicates a shape of the first coding unit and the split shape information indicates whether the first coding unit is split into the at least one second coding unit. Also, provided is an image encoding method corresponding to the image decoding method. Also, provided is an image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus for respectively performing the image encoding method and image decoding method.

Abstract: A positive electrode and a secondary battery including the same are provided. The positive electrode includes a current collector and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on the current collector, wherein the positive active material layer includes a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube, wherein the multi-walled carbon nanotube has an average length of 1-2 ?m and has a length standard deviation of 0.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a oxygen-free direct conversion of methane reactor and a method for producing ethylene using the same. More specifically, the invention provides a oxygen-free direct conversion of methane reactor and a method for producing ethylene from methane, wherein the reactor is selectively heated to save energy, prevent overheating with high responsiveness, and minimize coke formation, thereby achieving high methane conversion rate and high ethylene yield at a high reaction rate. The method also allows for the production of ethylene and aromatic compounds.

Abstract: An operation method of an IAB node in a communication system may comprise: measuring a power difference between a first signal received from a first node and a second signal received from a second node; controlling a transmit power of each of the first node and the second node based on the power difference; generating scheduling information for allowing the first node and the second node to simultaneously transmit signals; transmitting the scheduling information to the first node and the second node; and receiving signals that the first node and the second node simultaneously transmit according to the scheduling information by using the transmit power.

Abstract: Provided is a compound of Formula 1 capable of improving the light-emitting efficiency, stability, and lifespan of an organic electronic element, a composition comprising the same, an organic electronic element using same, and an electronic device thereof.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an error correction code circuit is provided. The error correction code circuit includes an error correction code engine and data processing circuit. The error correction code engine is configured to generate a second parity signal and syndrome information by performing an operation on operation source data and a first parity signal. The data processing circuit is configured to output write data as the operation source data and output an internally generated dummy parity signal as the first parity signal during a write operation, and to output read data as the operation source data and output a read parity signal as the first parity signal during a read operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel electrolyte additive, a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery comprising the novel electrolyte additive, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the non-aqueous electrolyte. More specifically, the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery comprising an additive capable of forming a stable film on an electrode surface. The present invention also relates to a lithium secondary battery comprising such a non-aqueous electrolyte, thereby, a high temperature lifespan of the lithium secondary battery is not deteriorated, resistance does not increase when the lithium secondary battery is stored at a high temperature, and expansion of a volume (thickness) of the lithium secondary battery is suppressed when the lithium secondary battery is stored at a high temperature.

Abstract: A first memory device of a memory system is coupled to a memory controller through a first channel, and includes a first memory die set as a metadata memory die including a plurality of memory blocks to which metadata is to be written, and including one or more memory dies set as user data memory dies including a plurality of memory blocks to which user data is to be written. A memory controller of the memory system selects a second memory die among the memory dies set as the user data memory dies, migrates metadata written to the first memory die to the second memory die, migrates user data written to the second memory die to the first memory die, sets the first memory die as a user data memory die, and sets the second memory die as a metadata memory die.

Abstract: A torsional damper and a hybrid driving module to which the torsional damper is applied are provided. The torsional damper is disposed between a rotor sleeve, receiving a rotational force of an engine, and a rotor hub, disposed rearward of the rotor sleeve, and transmits the rotational force of the engine to the rotor hub. The torsional damper includes a first damper including a first cover plate provided at a driving side and having a first stopper, and a driven plate having a first stopper accommodation portion provided at a driven side. The first stopper accommodation portion has a groove shape without being formed through the driven plate, and is provided on an inclined section of the driven plate. A second damper is connected in series to the first damper, and a first fluid passageway is provided on the driven plate and formed through the driven plate.

Abstract: A torsional damper disposed between a rotor sleeve, which is configured to receive a rotational force of an engine, and a rotor hub, which is disposed rearward of the rotor sleeve, and configured to transmit the rotational force of the engine to the rotor hub, and a hybrid drive module to which the torsional damper is applied, includes: a first damper, and the first damper includes a first cover plate provided at a driving side and having a first stopper, a first stopper accommodation portion provided at a driven side and configured to accommodate the first stopper, and shield members configured to cover an opening of the first stopper accommodation portion to restrict a movement of a fluid in a radial direction through the first stopper accommodation portion.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical steel sheet including: an upper adhesive layer positioned on an upper surface of an electrical steel sheet; and an lower adhesive layer positioned on a lower surface of the electrical steel sheet, wherein the upper adhesive layer has a pencil hardness of F or lower, and the lower adhesive layer has a pencil hardness of H or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed is a server. The server includes a camera, a memory configured to store an encrypted database generated based on a plurality of feature vectors corresponding to a plurality of users, and a processor configured to acquire an image obtained by capturing a target user's face using the camera and transform a feature vector acquired from the image based on transformation and identify the target user based on the transformed feature vector and the encrypted database. The encrypted database is generated by transforming the plurality of feature vectors based on the transformation and homomorphically encrypting the plurality of transformed feature vectors. The transformation transforms components of the feature vectors into 1, ?1, or 0 depending on magnitudes and signs of the components of the feature vectors.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic apparatus. The electronic apparatus includes: a memory storing a plurality of homomorphic encryptions and lookup table information; a communication apparatus configured to perform communication with an external apparatus; and a processor configured to retrieve the homomorphic encryption in response to a requested query, wherein the lookup table information stores data acquired by homomorphically encrypting keyword information and index information that respectively correspond to the plurality of homomorphic encryptions, and the processor is configured to retrieve the homomorphically encrypted index information by using received query information and the lookup table information in case of receiving the query information from the external apparatus, and control the communication apparatus to transmit the retrieved index homomorphic encryption to the electronic apparatus.

Abstract: A reflection module includes: a holder; and a reflective member mounted on the holder and including an incident surface, a reflective surface, and an emitting surface. The holder includes a cover portion covering a portion of the emitting surface. An area of the cover portion covering the emitting surface increases in a direction toward a lower portion of the emitting surface.

Abstract: A memory system may include a memory device including a plurality of memory blocks each including a plurality of pages and a memory controller. The memory controller may be configured to determine a plurality of super memory blocks each including two or more of the plurality of memory blocks, calculate valid page counts of each of the plurality of super memory blocks, and determine a victim block for garbage collection based on a minimum value among the valid page counts of the plurality of super memory blocks and average value of the valid page counts of the plurality of super memory blocks. Furthermore, a dispersion of valid page counts of memory block groups within the super memory blocks may be used to determine the victim block.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic apparatus. The electronic apparatus includes: a memory configured to store a training model trained using a plurality of training data; a communication device configured to perform communication with an external device; and a processor, in which the processor is configured to control the communication device to extract a feature of the training model, and homomorphically encrypt the extracted feature and transmit the homomorphically encrypted feature to a server apparatus, control the communication device to homomorphically encrypt the plurality of training data and transmit the homomorphically encrypted training data to the server apparatus, and when a homomorphically encrypted calculation result is received from the server apparatus, control the communication device to decrypt the received calculation result and transmit information on a training state corresponding to the decrypted value to the server apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a memory system including a memory device including a plurality of memory blocks; and a controller suitable for performing a garbage collection operation by: moving, when a first victim block related to map data stored in an external device is included in a plurality of victim blocks selected from the plurality of memory blocks, one or more pieces of valid data from the first victim block to a temporary block, which is a free block among the plurality of memory blocks, erasing the first victim block to set the first victim block as a first target block, and moving first valid data, which correspond to the map data stored in the external device among the valid data, from the temporary block to an original location within the first target block, wherein the first valid data is originally stored in the original location before the garbage collection operation.

Abstract: When a program operation to a second memory of user data in a first memory is to be performed and the size of user data is smaller than a unit program size of the second memory, final data having a size equal to the unit program size may be produced by concatenating the user data and meta data, and the final data may then programmed into the second memory. The second memory may be non-volatile memory, and the meta data may be meta data for the second memory. In some cases, dummy data may also be concatenated with the user data and meta data to produce the final data. Accordingly, it is possible to perform the program operation according to the unit program size and improve the program operation efficiency by reducing the number of program operations performed to store meta data.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a thermoplastic copolymer composition capable of improving low noise properties without deterioration in mechanical properties, which is used in manufacture of a molded article, such as a constant velocity joint boot used as a component of an automobile.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides: an adhesive coating composition enabling adherence (coupling) of an electrical steel sheet without using conventional coupling methods such as welding, clamping, and interlocking; an electrical steel sheet laminate to which the same is applied; and a method for manufacturing the same. An adhesive coating composition for an electrical steel sheet, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, includes, on the basis of 100 wt % of total solids: 15 to 70 wt % of a first composition containing an organic resin and an organic/inorganic composite in which inorganic nanoparticles are substituted for an organic resin; 20 to 80 wt % of a second composition containing a metal phosphate and phosphoric acid; and 1 to 10 wt % of a coupling agent. The coupling agent may contain one or more of a silane-based coupling agent, a titanate-based coupling agent, and an aluminate-based coupling agent.