Abstract: The present application relates to a transmittance variable film, a method for producing the same, and a use thereof. The transmittance variable film of the present application can solve the drive unevenness phenomenon by adjusting the pre-tilt of the opposite alignment film of the alignment film to which the ball spacer is fixed to minimize the reverse tilt occurring upon on-off driving. The transmittance variable film of the present application can be used as sunroofs.

Abstract: A display element, a method for manufacturing the same, and a use thereof are provided. The display element can induce a decrease in driving voltage without reducing a difference in a cell gap, have durability by ensuring proper adhesion characteristics, and, specifically, can effectively overcome a problem of the display element including a vertical alignment adhesive layer, in particular, a problem of increasing driving voltage, which can be generated when the thickness is increased so as to improve the adhesion characteristics.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device and the use thereof are provided. The liquid crystal device has an advantage in terms of power consumption since a normally transparent mode may be realized in a state in which an external electric field is not applied, and can exhibit an excellent light blocking characteristic when an external electric field is applied.

Abstract: A transmittance-variable film and a use thereof, where the transmittance-variable film can control pretilt of a liquid crystal interface by applying a liquid crystal alignment film containing splay oriented liquid crystal molecules, and can vertically and horizontally orient a liquid crystal layer or a liquid crystal interface according to an average tilt angle of the liquid crystal alignment film to ensure uniformity of driving and fast response speed. In addition, by applying a liquid crystal alignment film, the transmittance-variable film can be implemented in various modes with a simple coating-drying-curing method excluding the rubbing process by controlling an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal alignment film other than the pretilt control method using the conventional rubbing method.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method of applying particles, an optical film and a method of manufacturing an active liquid crystal device. In the method of applying particles of the present application, the particles can be uniformly applied on a base material and fixed while maintaining the shape of particles. The optical film of the present invention produced by the above method can have excellent particle dispersity. A method of manufacturing an active liquid crystal device using the above method can maintain a cell gap uniformly while simplifying the manufacturing process and preventing gravity defects.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal cell and a use of the liquid crystal cell. The present application can provide a liquid crystal cell which is capable of switching between a transparent mode and a scattering mode by using a non-ionic compound as a liquid crystal additive for realizing the EHDI characteristics and has excellent performance such as a driving voltage characteristic, a haze characteristic and reliability by securing solubility of the additive for liquid crystals. Such a liquid crystal cell can be applied to various light modulation devices such as a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display device, a light shielding plate for transparent display, an active retarder for 3D image display, or a viewing angle adjusting film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal window, a method of manufacturing the same, an optical element comprising the liquid crystal window, and a use thereof. The liquid crystal window of the present invention and its manufacturing method have excellent fixing property of a spacer and thus excellent cell gap maintaining characteristics, and can effectively prevent thermal damage of a base layer and be economical in manufacturing processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and the use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device according to the present invention has excellent light shielding rate variability characteristics. Such a liquid crystal device can be applied to various optical modulation devices such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image, or a viewing angle adjustment film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal element and a use of the liquid crystal element. The exemplary liquid crystal element of the present application is, for example, an element capable of realizing a normally transparent mode, having a high contrast ratio, and being driven with a low driving voltage. Such a liquid crystal element may be applied in a variety of light modulators including a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image and a viewing angle controlling film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device of the present application may realize a transparent white state, a transparent black state and a scattering state according to a level of an applied voltage at a fixed frequency. The liquid crystal device may be applied to, for example, a window of a vehicle, a smart window, a window protective film, a display, a light cutoff panel for a display, an active retarder for a 3D image display or a viewing angle controlling film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device of the present application may realize a transparent white state, a transparent black state and a scattering state according to a frequency and/or level of an applied voltage. The liquid crystal device may be applied to, for example, a window of a vehicle, a smart window, a window protective film, a display, a light cutoff panel for a display, an active retarder for a 3D image display or a viewing angle controlling film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method of manufacturing an optical device, an optical device and a use of the optical device. The method of manufacturing an optical device of the present application can form a patterned mold layer to maintain an appropriate gap between the upper and lower substrates, and can apply an imprinting process in patterning the mold layer to simply manufacture the mold pattern having the desired shape. In addition, the optical device manufactured by the above manufacturing method can have a low driving voltage and no short circuit phenomenon, and be realized as a flexible device. Such an optical device can be applied to various display devices such as LCDs.

Abstract: The present application relates to an optical element. The exemplary optical element may have a variable transmittance by whether an external signal is applied or not. Also, since the optical element may apply the external signal by using a composite layer having a low transmittance to light in an infrared region, the optical element may block heat, and save energy. Such an optical element may be usefully employed in various optical devices, for example, a sunroof.

Abstract: A display element, a method for manufacturing the same, and a use thereof are provided. The display element can induce a decrease in driving voltage without reducing a difference in a cell gap, have durability by ensuring proper adhesion characteristics, and, specifically, can effectively overcome a problem of the display element including a vertical alignment adhesive layer, in particular, a problem of increasing driving voltage, which can be generated when the thickness is increased so as to improve the adhesion characteristics.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device and the use thereof are provided. The liquid crystal device has an advantage in terms of power consumption since a normally transparent mode may be realized in a state in which an external electric field is not applied, and can exhibit an excellent light blocking characteristic when an external electric field is applied.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and the use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device according to the present invention has excellent light shielding rate variability characteristics. Such a liquid crystal device can be applied to various optical modulation devices such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image, or a viewing angle adjustment film.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal cell and a use thereof. An exemplary liquid crystal cell can be implemented in a bistable mode switching between a haze mode and a non-haze mode even with low driving voltage. Such a liquid crystal cell can be applied to various optical modulation apparatus, such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for a 3D visual display, and a viewing angle-controlling film.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal element and a use of the liquid crystal element. The exemplary liquid crystal element of the present application is, for example, an element capable of realizing a normally transparent mode, having a high contrast ratio, and being driven with a low driving voltage. Such a liquid crystal element may be applied in a variety of light modulators including a smart window, a window protective film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image and a viewing angle controlling film.

Abstract: The present application relates to an optical element. The exemplary optical element may have a variable transmittance by whether an external signal is applied or not. Also, since the optical element may apply the external signal by using a composite layer having a low transmittance to light in an infrared region, the optical element may block heat, and save energy. Such an optical element may be usefully employed in various optical devices, for example, a sunroof.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal cell and a use thereof. An exemplary liquid crystal cell can be implemented in a bistable mode switching between a haze mode and a non-haze mode even with low driving voltage. Such a liquid crystal cell can be applied to various optical modulation apparatus, such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display element, an active retarder for a 3D visual display, and a viewing angle-controlling film.