Abstract: A method of a wireless communication device, includes compensating for a first phase of a first training symbol and a second phase of a second training symbol following the first training symbol, based on a reference carrier frequency offset (CFO) corresponding to one of a plurality of subcarriers of a received frame in a time domain; calculating residual CFOs respectively for the plurality of subcarriers of the received frame, based on the reference CFO; compensating for phase differences between the first training symbol and the second training symbol for each of the plurality of subcarriers, based on the residual CFOs in a frequency domain; and estimating at least one of noise power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received frame, based on the first training symbol and the second training symbol after compensating for the phase differences between the first training symbol and the second training symbol.

Abstract: A system and a method are disclosed for controlling sounding or beamforming. In some embodiments, the method includes transmitting, by a first station, an instruction to a second station, the second station being a beamforming station, wherein the instruction instructs the second station: to disable or enable beamforming, or to disable or enable sounding.

Abstract: An operation method of a wireless communication device includes receiving a first signal including a first reference signal group, calculating a first residual frequency offset based on the first signal, receiving a second signal that is subsequent to the first signal and includes a second reference signal group, compensating a phase of the second signal based on the first residual frequency offset, estimating a first channel based on first channel characteristics, the first reference signal group, and the first signal, estimating a second channel based on second channel characteristics, the second reference signal group, and the second signal of which the phase is compensated, and calculating a second residual frequency offset based on the first channel estimation and the second channel estimation.

Abstract: An operating method of a receiver includes detecting a signal received from a transmitter at a plurality of sub-bands constituting the frequency band, determining first frequency offsets for the signal at reception sub-bands at which the signal has been detected among the plurality of sub-bands, and determining second frequency offsets by calibrating carrier frequency offsets based on a distance of each of the reception sub-bands from a center frequency of the frequency band.

Abstract: A first wireless communication apparatus includes: a transceiver configured to: receive a radio frequency (RF) signal via a channel from a second wireless communication apparatus, and downconvert the RF signal to generate a received signal that has a lower frequency than a frequency of the RF signal; and a processing circuit configured to: compare the received signal with a reference signal to generate a compensation index based on a comparison result, and compensate an initial first arrival path (FAP) time index of the received signal based on the compensation index to generate a final FAP time index.

Abstract: A first wireless communication apparatus includes a transceiver including a direct current (DC) component filter configured to remove a DC component of a first data signal received from a second wireless communication apparatus via a channel and output a corresponding second data signal, and a measurement circuit configured to determine a target subcarrier set based on a carrier frequency offset with respect to the second data signal, and measure noise and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the second data signal using the target subcarrier set.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides wireless communication apparatuses for data communication with other wireless communication apparatuses in a wireless communication system. In some embodiments, a first wireless communication apparatus includes a transceiver configured to receive a data signal from a second wireless communication apparatus through a channel, and a processing circuit configured to measure noise, a signal to noise ratio (SNR), and error vector magnitude (EVM) of the data signal, compare the SNR with the EVM, and selectively perform, based on a result of the comparison of the SNR with the EVM, a correction operation on the noise.

Abstract: A computing system configured to verify design of an integrated circuit (IC) includes a memory and a processor. The memory is configured to store computer executable instructions. The processor is configured to generate a first coverage model for at least two high-level parameters from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard or hardware description language (HDL) code by executing the computer executable instructions, generate a second coverage model for low-level internal signals from the HDL code by executing the computer executable instructions, and generate a plurality of test packets for a regression test by using at least one of the first coverage model or the second coverage model by executing the computer executable instructions.

Abstract: A computing system configured to verify design of an integrated circuit (IC) includes a memory and a processor. The memory is configured to store computer executable instructions. The processor is configured to generate a first coverage model for at least two high-level parameters from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard or hardware description language (HDL) code by executing the computer executable instructions, generate a second coverage model for low-level internal signals from the HDL code by executing the computer executable instructions, and generate a plurality of test packets for a regression test by using at least one of the first coverage model or the second coverage model by executing the computer executable instructions.

Abstract: An embodiment of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) concept with eight rotating impellers with eight rotating wind vanes, wherein each wind vane is attached to each impeller through the vane angle adjusting devices is described. Further described is the vane angle adjusting device with coupling blocking fork and the impeller with the high load capacity and increased output. In addition, the gear reducer module and the cone clutch are described that control the power transmission from the wind vane and the impeller in case of strong gusts or wind. This feature allows for a number of improvements over the current state of the art including high energy efficiency, damage protection and the ability to remain operational during high wind conditions.

Abstract: Methods of operating a wireless communication device for adaptive beamforming of a base station according to a state of a channel are provided. The methods include receiving a sounding packet from the base station through the channel; obtaining channel quality about the channel, using the sounding packet; selecting a feedback mode out of a plurality of feedback modes based on the channel quality; generating a matrix to be a basis of the adaptive beamforming, based on the selected feedback mode; and transmitting channel state information including information on the matrix to the base station.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel indoleacrylic acid-based compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, useful for the production, maintenance and proliferation of pluripotent stem cells. Also provided are cell culture compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of using these compounds in the production and maintenance of pluripotent stem cells.

Abstract: Methods of operating a wireless communication device for adaptive beamforming of a base station according to a state of a channel are provided. The methods include receiving a sounding packet from the base station through the channel; obtaining channel quality about the channel, using the sounding packet; selecting a feedback mode out of a plurality of feedback modes based on the channel quality; generating a matrix to be a basis of the adaptive beamforming, based on the selected feedback mode; and transmitting channel state information including information on the matrix to the base station.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel indoleacrylic acid-based compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, useful for the production, maintenance and proliferation of pluripotent stem cells. Also provided are cell culture compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of using these compounds in the production and maintenance of pluripotent stem cells.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel indoleacrylic acid-based compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, useful for the production, maintenance and proliferation of pluripotent stem cells. Also provided are cell culture compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of using these compounds in the production and maintenance of pluripotent stem cells.

Abstract: A system and method for channel interleaver and layer mapping in a communications system with spatial multiplexing are provided. A method for transmitting information over M layers, where M is a positive integer value representing a number of spatial layers, and M?2, includes receiving at least one codeword to transmit, grouping a plurality of symbols in the at least one codeword into M groups, mapping the M groups to the M layers, and transmitting the M layers. The at least one codeword includes the plurality of symbols, and each symbol includes two or more code bits.

Abstract: According to the present invention, when the novel low-molecular-weight compound RSC-133 is added in a culture process for producing reprogrammed pluripotent stem cells from human differentiated cells, it can increase the efficiency of reprogramming and can significantly reduce the time required for the induction of reprogramming. Particularly, the novel compound RSC-133 can substitute for c-Myc acting as both a reprogramming factor and an oncogenic factor, and it can effectively increase the efficiency of reprogramming in both normal oxygen culture conditions and hypoxic culture conditions. In addition, RSC-133 can inhibit the induction of aging occurring in the reprogramming process, exhibits the effect of promoting cell proliferation, and induces epigenetic activation to improve culture conditions for induction of reprogramming.

Abstract: An embodiment of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) concept with the rotating impellers and the wind vanes attached to the impellers through the vane angle adjusting device is described. This feature allows for a number of improvements over the current state of the art including damage protection and the ability to remain operational during high wind conditions. Further described is the vane angle adjusting device and the impeller with the high load capacity and increased output. In addition, the cone clutch is described that blocks the power transmission from the wind vane and the impeller in case of strong gusts or wind.

Abstract: Provided is an automated periodic surveillance testing method and apparatus in a digital reactor protection system, which unites a passive testing means such as a self-diagnosis or an on-line state comparison with an active testing means such as an automatic logic test and the like in the digital reactor protection system. Accordingly, a device self-diagnosis, an on-line state diagnosis, and an automatic logic test are used as the automated periodic surveillance testing method in the digital reactor protection system. Thus, the time consumed in a periodic surveillance test can be minimized, thereby saving reactor operating costs, and excessive manpower can be avoided, thereby decreasing potential human errors. Also, a channel detour time at which one of multiple channels is detoured can be minimized based on the automated periodic surveillance test in the digital reactor protection system, thereby enhancing stability.

Abstract: A method of enabling a soft handoff in a communication system, wherein the communication system includes a plurality of sectors and each of the plurality of sectors includes at least one base station is disclosed. The method includes: providing at least one mobile station; setting identical resources for serving the mobile station from each of the plurality of base stations in each sector; designating at least a plurality of base stations in at least one sector to participate a soft handoff; and performing a soft handoff.