Abstract: An apparatus of a printer for detecting a termination or near-termination of a printing medium includes a frame for housing and supporting a roll of the printing medium and capable of being set in a first position and a second position; a first printing medium detecting portion and a second printing medium detecting portion for non-contact detection of the termination or near-termination of the printing medium according to a varying diameter of the roll of the printing medium when the frame is in the first position and the second position; and a position adjusting portion for adjusting an initial set position of the first and the second printing medium detecting means according to an initial diameter of the roll of the printing medium.

Abstract: An apparatus of a printer for detecting a termination or near-termination of a printing medium includes a frame for housing and supporting a roll of the printing medium and capable of being set in a first position and a second position; a first printing medium detecting portion and a second printing medium detecting portion for non-contact detection of the termination or near-termination of the printing medium according to a varying diameter of the roll of the printing medium when the frame is in the first position and the second position; and a position adjusting portion for adjusting an initial set position of the first and the second printing medium detecting means according to an initial diameter of the roll of the printing medium.

Abstract: A cold cathode electron emission device activating electron emission applying an external electric field is provided, in which an inversion layer inverting the type of a semiconductor layer by an external electric field is generated to form a shallow channel, and an electron beam due to a number of electrons is emitted by an avalanche breakdown in the shallow channel. A single or plurality of active regions are formed in the upper portion of the semiconductor substrate in fabrication and then an inversion layer is formed by the external electric field. The cold cathode electron emission device is driven according to the principle that a number of electrons are emitted by the avalanche breakdown in the inversion layer. Thus, since the high-density electrons are instantaneously emitted at the inversion layer by the external electric field, a preheating is not required.

Abstract: An input buffer circuit for a semiconductor device includes a first input buffer unit having first and second transistors, a second input buffer unit coupled to the first input buffer unit, the second input buffer unit having third and fourth transistors, a control unit for activating one of the first and second input buffer units, and a switching unit having fifth, sixth, and seventh transistors and coupled to the control unit.

Abstract: A memory chip having a multiple input/output system enables a memory to have a .times.n, .times.2n or .times.4n I/O system through a simple fuse mask process by using a single memory chip and reduces the consumption of a cell current while having a memory capacity which is the same as in the .times.n or .times.2n I/O system of the conventional art.

Abstract: A temperature controlling apparatus adopting a fuzzy adaptation model and a method using the same are provided, in which temperatures of a plurality of positions of a refrigeration compartment are estimated in order to rapidly reach temperature equilibrium of the refrigeration compartment, by considering the operation states of a compressor and a cooling fan which directly affect the temperature of the refrigeration compartment. The temperature controlling apparatus adopting the fuzzy inference includes: a cool air discharge direction controller for controlling the rotation angle of a cool air discharge control blade; and a fuzzy inference unit for inferring peripheral temperatures of temperature sensors by taking the operational states of the cooling fan and the compressor as inputs, in order to provide the cool air discharge direction controller with information with respect to the static angle of the blades of the cool air discharge control blade.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and/or reproducing apparatus includes a single main slide member for interlocking the respective portions of a deck, a master gear member for moving the main slide member and a motor for driving the master gear member. The master gear member is engaged with a rack formed on the main slide member. The deck and a loading device for loading a cassette onto the deck are sequentially driven by the motor. The rack allows for mechanically stable operation and rapid mode change.