Abstract: Provided is a lactic acid-based block copolymer which is biodegradable while having excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: A motion assistance apparatus includes a force transmitting frame having a sliding space therein, the force transmitting frame configured to support a distal part of a user, a slider configured to slide in the sliding space, and a driving frame connected to the slider and configured to slide with respect to a proximal part of the user.

Abstract: Provided are a novel 3-hydroxypropionate-lactate block copolymer [P(3HP-b-LA)], and a method for preparing same, comprising: a) transforming a recombinant microorganism modified to be incapable of biosynthesizing lactic acid with a vector including a 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA biosynthesis gene and a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthetase gene, and a vector including a lactate biosynthesis gene and a gene of an enzyme that converts lactate to lactyl-CoA; (b) synthesizing poly(3-hydroxypropionate) (P(3HP)) by culturing the recombinant microorganism using a glycerol as a carbon source; and (c) inhibiting P(3HP) production by adding IPTG and glucose, and biosynthesizing polylactate (PLA) at the end of P(3HP) synthesized in step (b) by enabling the expression of a lactate biosynthesis enzyme and an enzyme that converts lactate to lactyl-CoA. Also provided is a recombinant microorganism produced in step a).

Abstract: Provided is a triblock copolymer comprising a poly(3-hydroxypropionate) block, and polylactide blocks bonded to both ends of the poly(3-hydroxypropionate) block. Also provided is a method for preparing a triblock copolymer by ring-opening polymerization of lactide monomers in the presence of a poly(3-hydroxypropionate) initiator having hydroxy groups at both ends.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing a block copolymer, the method comprising subjecting a lactide monomer to a ring-opening polymerization in the presence of a poly(3-hydroxypropionate) initiator to prepare a polylactide-poly(3-hydroxypropionate)block copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of CFC (cardiofaciocutaneous) syndrome comprising a TGF-? signaling pathway inhibitor or a BMP signaling pathway activator. The treatment of SB-431542 or BMP4 protein was confirmed to increase the ALP activity and bone mineral deposition in the osteoblasts originated from the induced pluripotent stem cells derived from CFC syndrome patients. Thus, the TGF-? signaling pathway inhibitor containing SB-431542 or the BMP signaling pathway activator containing BMP4 protein can be effectively used for the prevention or treatment of CFC syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of CFC (cardiofaciocutaneous) syndrome comprising a TGF-? signaling pathway inhibitor or a BMP signaling pathway activator. The treatment of SB-431542 or BMP4 protein was confirmed to increase the ALP activity and bone mineral deposition in the osteoblasts originated from the induced pluripotent stem cells derived from CFC syndrome patients. Thus, the TGF-? signaling pathway inhibitor containing SB-431542 or the BMP signaling pathway activator containing BMP4 protein can be effectively used for the prevention or treatment of CFC syndrome.

Abstract: Computer implemented methods of designing integrated circuits and computing systems are provided. A computer implemented method of designing an integrated circuit according to the inventive concepts may be performed by a processor and may include performing a placement and routing (P&R) operation for standard cells defining the integrated circuit, extracting characteristic values from a result of the P&R operation, generating a physical-aware annotation file by determining a plurality of representative characteristic values that respectively correspond to a plurality of groups based on the extracted characteristic values, and performing a physical-aware synthesis operation to generate a netlist from input data for the integrated circuit, based on the generated physical-aware annotation file.

Abstract: Provided are a novel 3-hydroxypropionate-lactate block copolymer [P(3HP-b-LA)], and a method for preparing same, comprising: a) transforming a recombinant microorganism modified to be incapable of biosynthesizing lactic acid with a vector including a 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA biosynthesis gene and a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthetase gene, and a vector including a lactate biosynthesis gene and a gene of an enzyme that converts lactate to lactyl-CoA; (b) synthesizing poly(3-hydroxypropionate) (P(3HP)) by culturing the recombinant microorganism using a glycerol as a carbon source; and (c) inhibiting P(3HP) production by adding IPTG and glucose, and biosynthesizing polylactate (PLA) at the end of P(3HP) synthesized in step (b) by enabling the expression of a lactate biosynthesis enzyme and an enzyme that converts lactate to lactyl-CoA. Also provided is a recombinant microorganism produced in step a).

Abstract: A force transmitting frame including a base, a first longitudinal member connected to the base, a second longitudinal member configured to slide with respect to the base, and a first fastener configured to fasten one end of the first longitudinal member and one end of the second longitudinal member is provided.

Abstract: A motion assistance apparatus includes a proximal support configured to support a proximal part of a user, a distal support configured to support a distal part of the user, and a rotary frame connected to the distal support, and configured to simultaneously perform a translational motion and a rotational motion relative to the proximal support.

Abstract: Provided is a lactic acid-based block copolymer which is biodegradable while having excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an integrated circuit (IC) including instances of standard cells includes arranging a first instance and arranging a second instance adjacent to the first instance. The second instance has a front-end layer pattern corresponding to a context group of the first instance. The context group includes information about front-end layer patterns of instances, the front-end layer patterns causing a same local layout effect (LLE) on the first instance and arranged adjacent to the first instance.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an integrated circuit may include placing cells, based on input data defining the integrated circuit, performing a pin reordering operation on a plurality of pins in a first cell of the cells, based on physical information regarding the pins in the first cell, wherein the physical information is determined based on the placement of the cells, performing a routing operation on the cells after the pin reordering operation, and manufacturing the integrated circuit, based on a layout produced by the routing operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of CFC (cardiofaciocutaneous) syndrome comprising a TGF-? signaling pathway inhibitor or a BMP signaling pathway activator. The treatment of SB-431542 or BMP4 protein was confirmed to increase the ALP activity and bone mineral deposition in the osteoblasts originated from the induced pluripotent stem cells derived from CFC syndrome patients. Thus, the TGF-? signaling pathway inhibitor containing SB-431542 or the BMP signaling pathway activator containing BMP4 protein can be effectively used for the prevention or treatment of CFC syndrome.

Abstract: A motion assistance apparatus includes a force transmitting frame having a sliding space therein, the force transmitting frame configured to support a distal part of a user, a slider configured to slide in the sliding space, and a driving frame connected to the slider and configured to slide with respect to a proximal part of the user.

Abstract: Computer implemented methods of designing integrated circuits and computing systems are provided. A computer implemented method of designing an integrated circuit according to the inventive concepts may be performed by a processor and may include performing a placement and routing (P&R) operation for standard cells defining the integrated circuit, extracting characteristic values from a result of the P&R operation, generating a physical-aware annotation file by determining a plurality of representative characteristic values that respectively correspond to a plurality of groups based on the extracted characteristic values, and performing a physical-aware synthesis operation to generate a netlist from input data for the integrated circuit, based on the generated physical-aware annotation file.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an integrated circuit (IC) including instances of standard cells includes arranging a first instance and arranging a second instance adjacent to the first instance. The second instance has a front-end layer pattern corresponding to a context group of the first instance. The context group includes information about front-end layer patterns of instances, the front-end layer patterns causing a same local layout effect (LLE) on the first instance and arranged adjacent to the first instance.

Abstract: A force transmitting frame including a base, a first longitudinal member connected to the base, a second longitudinal member configured to slide with respect to the base, and a first fastener configured to fasten one end of the first longitudinal member and one end of the second longitudinal member is provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an integrated circuit may include placing cells, based on input data defining the integrated circuit, performing a pin reordering operation on a plurality of pins in a first cell of the cells, based on physical information regarding the pins in the first cell, wherein the physical information is determined based on the placement of the cells, performing a routing operation on the cells after the pin reordering operation, and manufacturing the integrated circuit, based on a layout produced by the routing operation.