Abstract: A battery module includes a cell stack; a bus bar frame assembly having a front bus bar frame configured to cover one longitudinal side of the cell stack, a rear bus bar frame configured to cover another longitudinal side of the cell stack, and an upper cover configured to cover at least a portion of an upper surface of the cell stack; and a module frame coupled to the bus bar frame assembly, wherein the front bus bar frame includes at least one first upper guide formed to protrude at an upper end thereof and at least one first side guide formed to protrude at a side portion thereof, and the rear bus bar frame includes at least one second upper guide formed to protrude at an upper end thereof and at least one second side guide formed to protrude at a side portion thereof.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a light guide plate configured to guide and diffuse a light from a light source, and a garnish body including a lighting area to which the diffused light is radiated, wherein the light guide plate is disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the garnish body.

Abstract: A method of operating a host device to control a storage device which includes a register is provided. The method includes: providing the storage device with a partial array refresh setting indicating a non-masking segment among a masking segment and the non-masking segment; providing a refresh command to the storage device; and providing a write command for the masking segment to the storage device to control the storage device to store data while a partial array refresh is performed in the storage device based on the refresh command.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for detecting events and a method thereof. The apparatus for detecting events according to embodiments of the present invention may include a rule register for registering rules for event detection and a tag value assigned to the rules; and an event detector for obtaining monitoring data and a tag value assigned to the monitoring data, determining a rule related to the monitoring data among the pre-registered rules using the obtained tag value, and detecting an event in the monitoring data by applying the determined rule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for managing data based on a hierarchical data store and a method of operating the same. The data management system according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a data uploader for obtaining original data from one or more data sources, converting the obtained original data into corresponding lightweight data through lightweighting processing, and uploading the lightweight data to a lightweight data store and a data tracer for updating the upload location of specific original data in a mapping table in response to detecting that the specific original data is uploaded to an original data store. The data management system may efficiently reduce network costs required for data upload and infrastructure construction costs required for data sharing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to technology that performs encrypted communication via a network or a bus, and a communication method using a security key between nodes connected via a network or a bus includes setting a critical cluster among multiple nodes, selecting a primary message shared between the set critical clusters, and encrypting a message using a key generated to be valid for a preset period to enable communication between the critical clusters, wherein each of the critical clusters stores the primary message for the preset period according to a same key generation scheme to generate a block, and generates and possesses a new key based on the generated block and a currently used key, so that information about a previous message and a previous key is sequentially accumulated in the new key.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to technology that performs encrypted communication via a network or a bus, and a communication method using a security key between nodes connected via a network or a bus includes setting a critical cluster among multiple nodes, selecting a primary message shared between the set critical clusters, and encrypting a message using a key generated to be valid for a preset period to enable communication between the critical clusters, wherein each of the critical clusters stores the primary message for the preset period according to a same key generation scheme to generate a block, and generates and possesses a new key based on the generated block and a currently used key, so that information about a previous message and a previous key is sequentially accumulated in the new key.

Abstract: A memory device includes a plurality of receivers that each include a first input terminal coupled to one pin of a plurality of input/output pins. The memory devices further includes a transmitter having an output terminal coupled to the first input terminals of the plurality of receivers. The memory device further includes a control circuit configured to control the transmitter to output a particular test signal. The plurality of receivers are each configured to generate output data based on receiving the particular test signal from the transmitter. The control circuit is further configured to adjust the plurality of receivers based on the output data generated by the plurality of receivers and received at the control circuit from the plurality of receivers.

Abstract: A memory device includes a plurality of receivers that each include a first input terminal coupled to one pin of a plurality of input/output pins. The memory devices further includes a transmitter having an output terminal coupled to the first input terminals of the plurality of receivers. The memory device further includes a control circuit configured to control the transmitter to output a particular test signal. The plurality of receivers are each configured to generate output data based on receiving the particular test signal from the transmitter. The control circuit is further configured to adjust the plurality of receivers based on the output data generated by the plurality of receivers and received at the control circuit from the plurality of receivers.

Abstract: A memory module includes an external resistor and a plurality of memory devices commonly connected to the external resistor. Each of the memory devices includes a first reception pad and a first transmission pad. The first reception pad is associated with receiving an impedance calibration command and the first transmission pad is associated with transmitting the impedance calibration command. Each of the memory devices transfers the impedance calibration command to a first memory device which is selected as a master among the plurality of memory devices through a ring topology. The first memory device performs an impedance calibration operation, determines a resistance and a target output high level voltage of an output driver in response to the impedance calibration command, and transfers the impedance calibration command to a second memory device after performing the impedance calibration operation.

Abstract: A memory module includes an external resistor and a plurality of memory devices commonly connected to the external resistor. Each of the memory devices includes a first reception pad and a first transmission pad. The first reception pad is associated with receiving an impedance calibration command and the first transmission pad is associated with transmitting the impedance calibration command. Each of the memory devices transfers the impedance calibration command to a first memory device which is selected as a master among the plurality of memory devices through a ring topology. The first memory device performs an impedance calibration operation, determines a resistance and a target output high level voltage of an output driver in response to the impedance calibration command, and transfers the impedance calibration command to a second memory device after performing the impedance calibration operation.

Abstract: A device for transferring a film is provided. The device includes a roller transferring a film; a balancing unit connected to the roller by fixed supporters, the fixed supporters being disposed on both sides of the roller; and springs disposed on both sides of the balancing unit, wherein, if the film is out of balance, the balancing unit restores balance to the film by vibrating the both sides of the balancing unit. That is, if a film becomes out of balance during the transfer of the film, the device may restore balance to the film with the aid of the balancing unit which can vibrate on both sides of the balancing unit due to the springs.

Abstract: A device for fabricating a flexible film is provided. The device includes a serving unit providing an insulation film; a main processing unit including at least one of a dust removing unit, an etching unit, a neutralizing unit, a coupling unit, a catalyst bonding unit, a plating unit, and a drying unit; an assistant power unit controlling a tension of the insulation film; a top transporter disposed at an upper part of the main processing unit; and a bottom transporter disposed at a lower part of the main processing unit, wherein the top transporter includes a squeezing unit pressing a material on the insulation film. The device can improve the quality of a flexible film by pressing the flexible film using the squeezing unit.