Abstract: A device for measuring the three-dimensional position of a single particle (208) in a solution comprises a pulsed laser (201); a microscope system for irradiating a single particle with a laser beam (203) emitted from a pulsed laser (201); a photodetector (209) for detecting light dispersed by the single particle; a computer (211) for recording the signal detected by the photodetector (209) as displacement data and processing it; and a high-speed A/D board (210) for introducing the signal detected by photodetector (209) into the computer (211). Timing is set for data input so that the signal detected by the photodetector (209) may be input to the computer (211) at the moment of laser irradiation. It is possible to measure the position of a particle of nanometer size in real time with accuracy of nanometer order.

Abstract: A device for measuring the three-dimensional position of a single particle (208) in a solution comprises a pulsed laser (201); a microscope system for irradiating a single particle with a laser beam (203) emitted from a pulsed laser (201); a photodetector (209) for detecting light dispersed by the single particle; a computer (211) for recording the signal detected by the photodetector (209) as displacement data and processing it; and a high-speed A/D board (210) for introducing the signal detected by photodetector (209) into the computer (211). Timing is set for data input so that the signal detected by the photodetector (209) may be input to the computer (211) at the moment of laser irradiation. It is possible to measure the position of a particle of nanometer size in real time with accuracy of nanometer order.

Abstract: A two-wheel/four-wheel automatic change-over device in an automobile transfer apparatus is disclosed. In the transfer apparatus in which driving forces are transmitted directly from a transmission to front two wheels or rear two wheels and also transmitted through a wet-type multiple disc clutch to the other two wheels, the two-wheel/four-wheel change-over device has a change-over control unit for changing over from two-wheel drive to four-wheel drive. This unit automatically effects an engagement and a release of a wet-type multiple disc clutch in response to a signal of high speed travelling, a signal of slope travelling, a signal of quick acceleration travelling, a slip signal obtained from a relation between a real car speed and rotation of the wheels and a signal of a selector switch. In such a constitution, the wet-type multiple disc clutch is usually hydraulic-controlled so that it is differentiable in time of the four-wheel travelling.

Abstract: A shift mechanism for a change-speed gearing in a power transmission which includes a pneumatic or hydraulic actuator, a shift rod axially slidably carried on a support structure and operatively connected at a first end thereof with the actuator for reciprocating movement, and a mechanism for selectively establishing a drive power gear train in the transmission in response to the reciprocating movement of the shift rod. The support structure is formed at one side thereof with a cylindrical portion in which an axial bore is formed coaxially with the shift rod to contain a second end of the shift rod, and a plug is detachably threaded into the cylindrical portion of the support structure to close the axial bore. The plug is associated with a retainer element for retaining the shift rod in its rearward position by engagement with a second end of the shift rod.

Abstract: Crystalline polyolefins of high molecular weight and high crystallinity are produced in high yields by polymerizing an olefin in the presence of a catalytic system comprising a combination of an organoaluminum compound and a modified titanium composition which has been prepared by milling together a halogen compound of titanium of a valence lower than the maximum valence (e.g. titanium trichloride) and an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carboxylate ester.