Abstract: An ignition timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, when determining that recalculations are possible from the time when final ignition timing is calculated normally to final ignition timing, recalculates the correction amount of the ignition timing by feedback control and the final ignition timing. Accordingly, engine speed at a time closer to actual ignition timing is reflected on the final ignition timing. This configuration prevents overshoot from occurring even when a feedback gain is made greater and thus allows highly-responsive feedback control of the ignition timing thereby suppressing the change in rotation of the engine effectively. When the recalculations are not performed, the final ignition timing based on the correction amount, as normally calculated, is used. Thus, the final ignition timing is maintained at certain accuracy and abnormal ignition such as accidental fire is prevented.

Abstract: An ignition timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, when determining that recalculations are possible from the time when final ignition timing is calculated normally to final ignition timing, recalculates the correction amount of the ignition timing by feedback control and the final ignition timing. Acccordingly, engine speed at a time closer to actual ignition timing is reflected on the final ignition timing. This configuration prevents overshoot from occurring even when a feedback gain is made greater and thus allows highly-responsive feedback control of the ignition timing thereby suppressing the change in rotation of the engine effectively. When the recalculations are not performed, the final ignition timing based on the correction amount, as normally calculated, is used. Thus, the final ignition timing is maintained at certain accuracy and abnormal ignition such as accidental fire is prevented.

Abstract: A head slider suppresses variation in a floating amount of the head slider, floating over a discrete medium, even when the floating amount is small. Among a plurality of pads of the head slider, the shape of the pad provided on the outflow end portion is formed of a wedge shape having a width narrowing toward the air outflow end. Thus, the pressure distribution can be improved, and the air pressure can be averaged. Accordingly, it becomes possible to suppress the variation in the floating amount caused by the discrete medium groove, enabling stable floatation. Moreover, because the stable floatation with a small floating amount can be attained, high-density recording/reproduction can be achieved with accuracy.

Abstract: A contact surface of a contact head slider is received on a film of a lubricant on a storage medium. The rotation of the storage medium allows the contact surface to slide on the surface of the storage medium. The lubricant adheres to the contact surface. The groove is formed on the rear rail between the contact surface and an air bearing surface. The lubricant on the contact surface is forced to flow into the groove based on so-called meniscus effect. Since the air bearing surface extends at a level lower than that of the contact surface, the air bearing surface is prevented from adhesion of the lubricant. A positive pressure is thus reliably generated at the air bearing surface. The contact head slider is allowed to slide on the surface of the storage medium with a high stability.

Abstract: Provided is a storage apparatus in which the resonant frequency of carriage driving coils is high and precision in positioning a carriage is excellent. The storage apparatus is, for example, an optical disk drive having rails laid parallel to one radius of a disk, and able to read or writing data from or on the disk using a carriage movable along the rails. The carriage is moved using driving coils mounted on the flanks of the carriage and magnetic circuits each composed of a permanent magnet and yokes which are located outside the carriage. The driving coils are each shaped like a parallelepiped whose sides extending in a direction along the flank of the carriage are longer than other sides extending in a direction perpendicular to the flank. The permanent magnet or yokes of each magnetic circuit is opposed to a plane containing the long sides of each of the parallelepiped-shaped driving coils.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus includes a spindle motor for rotating a mounted optical disk, and a swing-motion type optical head apparatus. The swing-motion type optical head apparatus scans the optical disk in a radial direction of the optical disk by moving the objective lens. The head apparatus is made to swing about a swing axis in a plane parallel to a recording surface of the mounted optical disk. The swing-motion type optical head apparatus includes an arm carrying the objective lens thereupon, and provided at the first side of the mounted optical disk. A supporting member is provided for supporting the arm so as to enable the arm to swing about the axis. Driving device are provided for causing the arm to swing. The supporting member and the driving device are provided at a location outside the optical disk when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the recording surface.

Abstract: A head positioner for a storage disk includes an antifriction bearing supported by a stationary base, a first pivotable member pivotably supported by the antifriction bearing, a second pivotable member having a read/write head, a flexible member pivotably supporting the second pivotable member by the first pivotable member, and a driving unit for generating a first driving force causing the second pivotable member to pivot.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor apparatus includes a laser diode for producing an optical beam, a base body formed with a first reference surface adapted for engagement with an external apparatus and a second reference surface separated from the first reference surface with a predetermined distance, and a subcarrier member having a principal surface for carrying the laser diode thereon said principal surface, wherein the subcarrier is mounted upon the base body in an abutted state such that the principal surface establishes an intimate engagement with the second reference surface. The base body is formed with a depression on the second reference surface so as to accommodate therein the laser diode when the subcarrier member is mounted upon the base body together with the laser diode that is mounted upon the principal surface.

Abstract: An electromagnetic bias coil for applying a magnetic bias field to a recording bit of a magneto-optical recording disk apparatus includes a yoke made of soft magnetic material, such as soft iron. The yoke surrounds an outer perimeter surface and a bottom surface of the coil. A light beam and optical system are arranged in an opening in the yoke. The yoke reduces the magnetic resistance of the coil, increases the magnetic field intensity at the recording bit, and reduces the current needed to achieve an adequate magnetic field intensity. The operating temperature of the coil is therefore improved.

Abstract: A system for detecting the camber of a rolled material by detecting the right and left outlet side lengths of the rolled material per unit time on the outlet side of a rolling mill and also detecting the plate width of the rolled material and then subjecting the detected signals to an arithmetic processing by an arithmetic unit to calculate the radius of curvature of the plate center line of the rolled material.