Abstract: A reader device performs control to cause rates of transmission at the time of transmitting an authentication command to an IC chip included in a passport to be different from each other. Then, when the rates of transmission are caused to be different from each other, each of required times T1 and T2 required after transmitting the authentication command to the IC chip until receiving a response to the authentication command from the IC chip is measured. An operation time Tc required for execution of the authentication command in the IC chip is calculated on the basis of the required times T1 and T2 measured as described above, and, further, genuine/counterfeit judgment of the IC chip (genuine/counterfeit judgment of the passport is performed on the basis of the calculated operation time Tc.

Abstract: A reader device performs control to cause rates of transmission at the time of transmitting an authentication command to an IC chip included in a passport to be different from each other. Then, when the rates of transmission are caused to be different from each other, each of required times T1 and T2 required after transmitting the authentication command to the IC chip until receiving a response to the authentication command from the IC chip is measured. An operation time Tc required for execution of the authentication command in the IC chip is calculated on the basis of the required times T1 and T2 measured as described above, and, further, genuine/counterfeit judgment of the IC chip (genuine/counterfeit judgment of the passport is performed on the basis of the calculated operation time Tc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by a formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 represents lower alkyl or the like; R2 represents phenyl or the like; R represents a halogen atom or the like; X represents an oxygen atom or the like; Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 represent CH or the like; l represents an integer of from 0 to 3; m and n each represent an integer of 1 or 2; p represents an integer of from 0 to 2; and q represents an integer of from 1 to 3.

Abstract: ?-Amino hydroxamic acid derivative of the formula I, in which R is C2-C7-alkyl, which is mono-, di- or trisubstituted by halogen, nitro, lower acyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C3-C5-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C6-heteroaryl comprising one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N; or C3-C7-alkenyl or C3-C7-alkynyl, which in each case is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or trisubstituted by halogen, nitro, lower acyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C3-C5-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C6-heteroaryl comprising one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N; and the other symbols are as defined in claim 1, are described. These compounds are MMP and in particular MMP2 inhibitors and can be used for treatment of MMP dependent diseases, in particular inflammation conditions, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, tumors (tumor growth, metastasis, progression or invasion) and pulmonary disorders (e.g. emphysema, COPD).

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof wherein the symbols have meaning as defined, which are inhibitors of cathepsin K and find use pharmaceutically for treatment of diseases and medical conditions in which cathepsin K is implicated, e.g. various disorders including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and tumors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel benzodiazepine compounds exhibiting RXR-antagonist efficacy, to the manufacture and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel benzodiazepine compounds exhibiting RXR-antagonist efficacy, for delaying progression of, preventing or treating a condition or disease being associated with RXR-antagonism, in particular selected from diabetes, complication of diabetes such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and hyperlipidemia, obesity, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a 2-cyanopyrimidine compound of the formula wherein R1, R2, R3 and X are as defined in the specification and in the claims, in free form or in salt form, and, where possible, in tautomeric form, as an inhibitor of the activity of cathepsin S.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof wherein the symbols have meaning as defined, which are inhibitors of cathepsin K and find use pharmaceutically for treatment of diseases and medical conditions in which cathepsin K is implicated, e.g. various disorders including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and tumors.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof wherein the symbols have meaning as defined, which are inhibitors of cathepsin K and find use pharmaceutically for treatment of diseases and medical conditions in which cathepsin K is implicated, e.g. various disorders including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and tumors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the variables are as defined.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof wherein the symbols have meaning as defined, which are inhibitors of cathepsin K and find use pharmaceutically for treatment of diseases and medical conditions in which cathepsin K is implicated, e.g. various disorders including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and tumors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a 2-cyanopyrimidine compound of the formula wherein R1, R2, R3 and X are as defined in the specification and in the claims, in free form or in salt form, and, where possible, in tautomeric form, as an inhibitor of the activity of cathepsin S.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof wherein the symbols have meaning as defined, which are inhibitors of cathepsin K and find use pharmaceutically for treatment of diseases and medical conditions in which cathepsin K is implicated, e.g. various disorders including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and tumors.

Abstract: ?-Amino hydroxamic acid derivative of the formula I, in which R is C2-C7-alkyl, which is mono-, di- or trisubstituted by halogen, nitro, lower acyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C3-C5-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C6-heteroaryl comprising one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N; or C3-C7-alkenyl or C3-C7-alkynyl, which in each case is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or trisubstituted by halogen, nitro, lower acyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C3-C5-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C3-C6-heteroaryl comprising one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N; and the other symbols are as defined in claim 1, are described. These compounds are MMP and in particular MMP2 inhibitors and can be used for treatment of MMP dependent diseases, in particular inflammation conditions, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, tumors (tumor growth, metastasis, progression or invasion) and pulmonary disorders (e.g. emphysema, COPD).

Abstract: N-terminal substituted dipeptide nitriles as defined are useful as inhibitors of cysteine cathepsins, e.g. cathepsins B, K, L and S, and can be used for the treatment of cysteine cathepsin dependent diseases and conditions, including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, tumors (especially tumor invasion and tumor metastasis), coronary disease, atherosclerosis (including atherosclerotic plaque rupture and destabilization). Particular dipeptide nitriles are compounds of formula I, or physiologically-acceptable and -cleavable esters or a salts thereof wherein: the symbols are as defined. In particular it has been found that by appropriate choice of groups R, R2, R3, R4, R5, X1, Y and L, the relative selectivity of the compounds as inhibitors of the various cysteine cathepsin types, e.g. cathepsins B, K, L and S may be altered, e.g. to obtain inhibitors which selectively inhibit a particular cathepsin type or combination of cathepsin types.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel benzodiazepine compounds exhibiting RXR-antagonist efficacy, for delaying progression of, preventing or treating a condition or disease being associated with RXR-antagonism, in particular selected from diabetes, complication of diabetes such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and hyperlipidemia, obesity, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis.

Abstract: ?-Amino hydroxamic acid derivative of formula (I), in which R is C2–C7-alkyl, which is mono-, di- or trisubstituted by halogen, nitro, lower acyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C3–C5-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C3–C4-heteroaryl comprising one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N; or C3–C7-alkenyl or C3–C7-alkynyl, which in each case is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or trisubstituted by halogen, nitro, lower acyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C3–C5-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C3–C6-heteroaryl comprising one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N; and the other symbols are as defined in claim 1, are described. These compounds are MMP and in particular MMP2 inhibitors and can be used for treatment of MMP dependent diseases, in particular inflammation conditions, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, tumors (tumor growth, metastasis, progression or invasi n) and pulmonary disorders (e.g. emphysema, COPD).

Abstract: The invention relates to pyrrolo pyrimidines of formula (I), wherein Y represents —(CH2)t—O— or —(CH2)r—S—, p is 1 or 2, r is 1, 2 or 3, t is 1, 2 or 3, or Y is —(CH2)j— or —CH?CH—, j is 1 or 2; p is 1 or 2, or Y is —(CH2)f—, f is 1 or 2, p is 1, and the further radicals and symbols have the meaning as defined herein; their preparation, their use as pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, the use of such a compound for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of neuropathic pain and to a method for the treatment of such a disease in animals, especially in humans.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof wherein the symbols have meaning as defined, which are inhibitors of cathepsin K and find use pharmaceutically for treatment of diseases and medical conditions in which cathepsin K is implicated, e.g. various disorders including inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and tumors.