Abstract: A pattern forming method includes (1) selectively exposing a first resist layer, and developing the exposed first resist layer to form a first pattern, (2) applying a resin composition containing a hydroxyl group-containing resin and a solvent to the first pattern, baking the applied resin composition, and developing the baked resin composition to form a second pattern, the hydroxyl group-containing resin becoming insoluble or scarcely soluble in a developer when baked, and (3) totally or selectively exposing the second pattern to make the second pattern partly soluble in the developer, and developing the exposed second pattern to form a third pattern in which at least a hole or a groove is formed in the second pattern.

Abstract: A composition for forming a lower layer film comprises a polymer (A) having a naphthalene derivative structural unit shown by the following formula (1), wherein R1 represents a hydroxyl group and the like, X represents a substitutable alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and the like, n represents 0 to 6, m represents 1 to 8, and n+m represents an integer from 1 to 8, provided that two or more R1s may be the same or different and two or more Xs may be the same or different.

Abstract: A composition for a resist underlayer film is provided. The composition has excellent storage stability and can form a resist underlayer film which has excellent adhesion to a resist film, can improve reproducibility of a resist pattern and is resistant to an alkaline liquid used in development and to oxygen asking during the removal of a resist. The composition comprises a hydrolyzate and/or a condensate of a silane compound of the following formula (A), R1bR2cSi (OR3)4-a??(A) wherein R1 is a monovalent organic group having at least one unsaturated bond, R2 individually represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R3 individually represents a monovalent organic group, R1 is a group other than OR3, a is an integer of 1 to 3, b is an integer of 1 to 3, and c is an integer of 0 to 2, provided that a=b+c.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a resin for forming an upper antireflective film and a composition for forming an upper antireflective film that can reduce a standing wave effect satisfactorily and lead excellent solubility in an alkaline developer in lithography and a method for forming a resist pattern. Specifically, the resin for forming an upper antireflective film has at least one unit selected from a repeating unit represented by the formula (1) and a repeating unit represented by the formula (2), has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 as measured by GPC method, and is soluble in an alkaline developer. (In the formulae (1) and (2), R1 to R14 independently represent a hydrogen atom, —OH, —COOH or —SO3H, provided that all of R1 to R7 or R8 to R14 do not represent a hydrogen atom in a molecule.

Abstract: A polymer clad optical fiber is provided in which, if the diameter of an inner core is taken as a1, and the diameter of an outer core is taken as a2, and if a ratio X (which=a22/a12) between a cross-sectional area of the inner core and a cross-sectional area of the outer core is within a range of 1.8?X?2.2, and if a relative refractive index difference between the inner core and the outer core is taken as ?1, and if a relative refractive index difference between the outer core and a cladding is taken as ?2, then for a parameter Y which is defined as Y=?1/?2, when a high temperature is taken as Ymax and a low temperature is taken as Ymin, a relationship is established in which, when X is within a range of 1.8?X?2.0, then 0.25?Ymin?0.84X?0.68, and Ymax is 0.25?Ymax?0.84X?0.68, and, when X is within a range of 2.0?X?2.2, Ymin is 0.48X?0.71?Ymin??2/9X+13/9, and Ymax is 0.48X?0.71?Ymax??2/9X+13/9.

Abstract: The receiver includes a low noise amplifier, a local signal generator, a first mixer, a second mixer, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, a first A/D converter, a second A/D converter, and a signal level detection unit. A detection signal from at least one terminal of the first A/D converter is supplied to an input terminal of the signal level detection unit, thereby generating a reception start signal from the output terminal. Before an RF reception signal is received, a first signal processing unit containing the first mixer, the first amplifier, and the first A/D converter is controlled to an active state, and a second signal processing unit containing the second mixer, the second amplifier, and the second A/D converter is controlled to a low power consumption state. After the RF reception signal is received, the second signal processing unit is controlled to the active state.

Abstract: A polarization control device includes a support substrate on which a metal compound structure is formed. The metal compound structure is formed with at least two metal fine structures arranged periodically in a range equal to or smaller than a wavelength of an incident light.

Abstract: A filter circuit includes first capacitors, second capacitors capable of altering a cutoff frequency by being connected in parallel with the first capacitors, first switches for connecting the second capacitors in parallel with the first capacitors, and charging circuits for the second capacitors. The charging circuits include second switches, and resistances for attenuating the amplitudes of input voltages to be fed to the second capacitors, by being connected in series with the second capacitors. The second capacitors are charged through the resistances in a state where the first switches are turned OFF and where the second switches are turned ON. Thus, a DC offset which is ascribable to the cutoff frequency switching of a filter is reduced.

Abstract: A polymer clad optical fiber is provided in which, if the diameter of an inner core is taken as a1, and the diameter of an outer core is taken as a2, and if a ratio X (which=a22/a12) between a cross-sectional area of the inner core and a cross-sectional area of the outer core is within a range of 1.8?X?2.2, and if a relative refractive index difference between the inner core and the outer core is taken as ?1, and if a relative refractive index difference between the outer core and a cladding is taken as ?2, then for a parameter Y which is defined as Y=?1/?2, when a high temperature is taken as Ymax and a low temperature is taken as Ymin, a relationship is established in which, when X is within a range of 1.8?X?2.0, then 0.25?Ymin?0.84X?0.68, and Ymax is 0.25?Ymax?0.84X?0.68, and, when X is within a range of 2.0?X?2.2, Ymin is 0.48X?0.71?Ymin??2/9X+13/9, and Ymax is 0.48X?0.71?Ymax??2/9X+13/9.

Abstract: While executing a videophone communication between two mobile communication apparatuses, one of the two mobile communication apparatuses requests the other mobile communication apparatus to change a transmission destination of video or audio data to a further communication apparatus. Responding to the request, the other mobile communication apparatus switches the transmission destination and source, which the video or audio data is to be transmitted to and received from, to the further communication apparatus designated in the request.

Abstract: An endless metallic belt formed of a nickel alloy which contains at least one element selected from the first group of elements consisting of phosphorus, boron, silicon, germanium, selenium, antimony, tellurium, bismuth and astatine, and, in an X-ray diffraction pattern of which, half widths of X-ray diffraction peaks of the (111) crystal plane and (200) crystal plane are both from 0.5° to 2.5°.

Abstract: An interference exclusion capability testing apparatus is provided for use in testing interference exclusion capability of a specimen by radiating an electromagnetic wave toward the specimen from a radiating antenna. The radiating antenna includes an electromagnetic horn, and a waveguide plate that guides an electromagnetic wave radiated from the electromagnetic horn to the specimen.

Abstract: A method of uniformly applying a phosphor onto the internal surface of a glass tube of spiral configuration having opening at its both ends. After an injection process is performed while glass tube (11) is held with openings (24,25) facing upward, the glass tube is turned upside down and held such that the openings are positioned in the inferior region. While rotating the glass tube around pivot axis (A), the phosphor suspension is caused to flow out. The glass tube is turned upside down once more and held to cause the openings to position in the superior region for a given period of time with the result that the phosphor suspension is caused to flow to uniformize the thickness thereof. Further once more the glass tube is turned upside down to cause the openings to position in the inferior region. In that state, a preliminary drying process is performed.

Abstract: A composition for forming a lower layer film comprises a polymer (A) having a naphthalene derivative structural unit shown by the following formula (1), wherein R1 represents a hydroxyl group and the like, X represents a substitutable alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and the like, n represents 0 to 6, m represents 1 to 8, and n+m represents an integer from 1 to 8, provided that two or more R1s may be the same or different and two or more Xs may be the same or different.

Abstract: A composition for a resist underlayer film is provided. The composition has excellent storage stability and can form a resist underlayer film which has excellent adhesion to a resist film, can improve reproducibility of a resist pattern and is resistant to an alkaline liquid used in development and to oxygen ashing during the removal of a resist. The composition comprises a hydrolyzate and/or a condensate of a silane compound of the following formula (A), R1bR2cSi(OR3)4-a??(A) wherein R1 is a monovalent organic group having at least one unsaturated bond, R2 individually represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R3 individually represents a monovalent organic group, R1 is a group other than OR3, a is an integer of 1 to 3, b is an integer of 1 to 3, and c is an integer of 0 to 2, provided that a=b+c.

Abstract: An optical-pickup slider is characterized in that a light-transmitting-property substrate is bonded to a surface of a layer having a tapered through hole, on which surface a larger opening of the tapered through hole exists. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the layer having an aperture from being destroyed. A method of manufacturing the optical-pickup slider comprises the steps of a) making a tapered through hole in a layer layered on a first substrate and having a thickness smaller than that of the first substrate; and, after bonding a light-transmitting-property substrate to a surface of the layer, removing the first substrate so as to expose an aperture at a tip of the tapered through hole.

Abstract: When mobile communication exchange detects that SIP client has moved out of communication area of base station, the mobile communication exchange generates a BYE message, sends the generated BYE message to SIP client and ends a session.

Abstract: During an incoming call, when a client apparatus of an incoming side notifies a client apparatus of an outgoing side of hold of the incoming call, the client apparatus notifies the client apparatus of the hold of the incoming call with OK message which is a response to an INVITE message.

Abstract: When an outgoing call is to be requested on a terminal, the terminal transmits a first outgoing call request containing the priority of outgoing call operation. When the terminal transmits the first outgoing call request, and then receives a second outgoing call request addressed to the terminal before it receives an incoming call response with respect to the first outgoing call request from a destination terminal, the terminal compares the priority contained in the second outgoing call request with the priority contained in the first outgoing call request. The terminal executes an incoming call response procedure corresponding to the second outgoing call request when the priority in the second outgoing call request is higher as the result of comparison between the priorities of outgoing call operation, and executes a outgoing call control following the first outgoing call request when the priority in the first outgoing call request is higher.