Abstract: A calibration liquid (1) is used for calibrating a water quality measurement device (100). The water quality measurement device (100) includes a plurality of sensors to be brought into contact with a measurement target liquid so as to measure concentrations of a plurality of types of target components contained in the measurement target liquid, and measures the concentrations of the plurality of types of target components. The calibration liquid (1) includes a solution which contains the plurality of types of target components at respective concentrations determined for the target components, and the solution has a pH within a predetermined pH range.

Abstract: A water quality measuring system includes a first introduction section for introducing rearing water as a sampling target, and a first adding section which adds an acid to the rearing water introduced by the first introduction section, and a nitrous acid sensor whose measurement target is nitrous acid and which measures the measurement target concentration of the rearing water to which the acid has been added by the first adding section. The water quality measuring system includes a second adding section which adds a base to the rearing water introduced by the first introduction section, and an ammonia sensor whose measurement target is ammonia and which measures the measurement target concentration of the rearing water to which the base has been added by the second adding section.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolytic capacitor including: a capacitor element including an anode body, a dielectric layer formed on the anode body, a solid electrolyte layer formed on the dielectric layer, and a cathode layer formed on the solid electrolyte layer; lead terminals each connected to the anode body and the cathode layer; and a packaging member covering at least part of the capacitor element. The packaging member includes a side wall that is electrically conductive, and a bottom face, with at least one of the lead terminals partially exposed from the bottom face. An insulating member is interposed between a first end of the side wall and the lead terminal exposed from the bottom face, the first end being near the bottom face.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolytic capacitor including: a capacitor element including an anode body, a dielectric layer formed on the anode body, a solid electrolyte layer formed on the dielectric layer, and a cathode layer formed on the solid electrolyte layer; lead terminals each connected to the anode body and the cathode layer; and a packaging member covering at least part of the capacitor element. The packaging member includes a side wall that is electrically conductive, and a bottom face, with at least one of the lead terminals partially exposed from the bottom face. An insulating member is interposed between a first end of the side wall and the lead terminal exposed from the bottom face, the first end being near the bottom face.

Abstract: To provide a pulmonary disease therapeutic drug exhibiting high efficacy and reduced side effects. The pulmonary disease therapeutic drug of the invention for intratracheal administration contains biocompatible polymer nanoparticles including an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor.

Abstract: Chip PTC thermistors that can easily be inspected the soldered portions after it is mounted on a printed circuit board and that can be used in a flow soldering process, and methods of making same. A chip PTC thermistor of the present invention includes: a first main electrode and a first sub-electrode on first surface of a cuboidal form conductive polymer having the PTC characteristics, a second main electrode and a second sub-electrode on a second surface opposite the first surface of the conductive polymer. Between the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode, and between the first sub-electrode and the second main electrode are electrically connecting with a first side electrode and a second side electrode, respectively.

Abstract: A measuring method of determining component concentration in a solution by calculating component concentrations in the solution at various temperatures in a small number of steps. The component concentration is measured at an arbitrary temperature T by using a solution absorbance spectrum and solvent absorbance spectrum at a plurality of wavelength(s)r, and preliminarily determining a calibration coefficient Mij (TO). Concentration of Ci of component i in solution at reference temperature TO, is obtained at differential spectrum of solution spectrum S (?j, T) at temperature T in j-th wavelength ?j and solvent spectrum B (?j, T) at temperature T in j-th wavelength ?j, calculating calibration coefficient Mij (TO) the specific component concentrations.

Abstract: A measuring method of determining component concentration in a solution by calculating component concentrations in the solution at various temperatures in a small number of steps. The component concentration is measured at an arbitrary temperature T by using a solution absorbance spectrum and solvent absorbance spectrum at a plurality of wavelength(s)r, and preliminarily determining a calibration coefficient Mij (TO). Concentration of Ci of component i in solution at reference temperature TO, is obtained at differential spectrum of solution spectrum S (?j, T) at temperature T in j-th wavelength ?j and solvent spectrum B (?j, T) at temperature T in j-th wavelength ?j, calculating calibration coefficient Mij (TO) the specific component concentrations.

Abstract: Chip PTC thermistors that can easily be inspected the soldered portions after it is mounted on a printed circuit board and that can be used in a flow soldering process, and methods of making same. A chip PTC thermistor of the present invention includes: a first main electrode and a first sub-electrode on first surface of a cuboidal form conductive polymer having the PTC characteristics, a second main electrode and a second sub-electrode on a second surface opposite the first surface of the conductive polymer. Between the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode, and between the first sub-electrode and the second main electrode are electrically connecting with a first side electrode and a second side electrode, respectively.

Abstract: Chip PTC thermistors that can easily be inspected the soldered portions after it is mounted on a printed circuit board and that can be used in a flow soldering process, and methods of making same. A chip PTC thermistor of the present invention includes: a first main electrode and a first sub-electrode on first surface of a cuboidal form conductive polymer having the PTC characteristics, a second main electrode and a second sub-electrode on a second surface opposite the first surface of the conductive polymer. Between the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode, and between the first sub-electrode and the second main electrode are electrically connecting with a first side electrode and a second side electrode, respectively.

Abstract: A chip PTC thermistor comprising a conductive polymer having PTC properties, a first outer electrode, a second outer electrode, one or more inner electrodes sandwiched between the conductive polymer, a first electrode electrically directly coupled with the first outer electrode, and a second electrode. The odd-numbered inner electrode among the one-or-more inner electrodes is directly coupled with the second electrode, while the even-numbered inner electrode, with the first electrode. When total number of the inner electrodes is an odd number the second outer electrode makes direct electrical contact with the first electrode, when it is an even number the second outer electrode makes direct electrical contact with the second electrode.

Abstract: An electrode for a PTC thermistor of the present invention includes a base layer having electrical conductivity and a sintered layer formed on the base layer. The sintered layer is formed by sintering a conductive powder and has electrical conductivity, and has roughness on a surface thereof. Thus, the present invention can provide an electrode for a PTC thermistor that has a large adhesion to the conductive polymer and can be produced easily.

Abstract: A chip PTC thermistor is provided which is capable of increasing the rate of increase in resistance when an overcurrent is applied, thereby increasing the breakdown voltage. The PTC thermistor comprises: a first main electrode and a first sub-electrode disposed on a first face of a conductive polymer with PTC properties; a second main electrode and a second sub-electrode disposed on a second face of the conductive polymer, which is facing the first face; and first and second side electrode and disposed on side faces of the conductive polymer. Cut-off sections are provided to the vicinity of joints of the first main electrode and the first side electrode, and joints of the second main electrode and the second side electrode.

Abstract: An electrode for a PTC thermistor of the present invention includes a base layer having electrical conductivity and a sintered layer formed on the base layer. The sintered layer is formed by sintering a conductive powder and has electrical conductivity, and has roughness on a surface thereof. Thus, the present invention can provide an electrode for a PTC thermistor that has a large adhesion to the conductive polymer and can be produced easily.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a chip PTC thermistor utilizes a piece of conductive polymer having a PTC characteristic and metal foils formed by patterning and provided on the upper and the lower sides of the piece under pressure integrally into a sheet, making a hole part in the sheet, applying a protective coating serving as plating resist to upper and lower sides of the sheet, forming an electrode on the sheet by electroplating, and cutting the sheet into a chip. The protective coating is made of a material applicable at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the conductive polymer. The processing temperatures at the step from the step of making a hole part in the sheet to the pre-processing step of the step of forming an electrode by electroplating on the sheet are not above the melting point of the conductive polymer.

Abstract: A chip polymer PTC thermistor for surface mount assembly having a superior long-term connection reliability between side electrode and main and sub electrodes. The thermister comprises; a rectangular parallelepiped conductive polymer(11) having PTC properties; a first main electrode(12a) and a first sub electrode(12b) disposed on a first face of the conductive polymer; a second main electrode(12c) and a second sub electrode(12d) disposed on a second face opposite the first face of the conductive polymer; and first and second side electrodes(13a,13b) folding around and over the entire surface of side faces of the conductive polymer, the side electrodes electrically coupling the electrodes disposed on the two faces of the conductive polymer, and a thickness of the side electrodes is not less than one twentieth of the distance between the first main electrode(12a) and the second sub electrode(12d) and the distance between the first sub electrode(12b) and second main electrode(12a,12c).

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a PTC thermister which uses a conductive polymer having a positive temperature coefficient and has a high withstand voltage and high reliability and in which no failure in electrical connection occurs in side electrode even when a mechanical stress occurs due to the thermal shock by repeated thermal expansion of the conductive polymer sheet. It also aims to provide a method to manufacture the above PTC thermister. To achieve the above purpose, the PTC thermister of the present invention comprises (1)a laminated body made by alternately laminating conductive polymer sheets and inner electrodes, (2) outer electrodes disposed on tops and bottoms of said laminated body and (3) multi-layered side electrodes disposed at the center of both sides of said laminated body and is electrically coupled with said inner electrodes and said outer electrodes.

Abstract: Chip PTC thermistors that can easily be inspected the soldered portions after it is mounted on a printed circuit board and that can be used in a flow soldering process, and methods of making same. A chip PTC thermistor of the present invention includes: a first main electrode and a first sub-electrode on first surface of a cuboidal form conductive polymer having the PTC characteristics, a second main electrode and a second sub-electrode on a second surface opposite the first surface of the conductive polymer. Between the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode, and between the first sub-electrode and the second main electrode are electrically connecting with a first side electrode and a second side electrode, respectively.

Abstract: The PTC thermistor chip of the present invention comprises a conductive polymer having PTC properties, a first outer electrode, a second outer layer electrode, not less than one inner electrode sandwiched between the conductive polymer, a first electrode electrically directly coupled with the first outer electrode, and a second electrode disposed electrically independently from the first electrode. When counting from one of the inner electrodes closest to the first outer layer electrode, and defining the inner layer electrode in a “n”th position as the “n”th inner electrode, the odd-numbered inner layer electrodes are directly coupled with the second electrode and the even-numbered inner layer electrodes, with the first electrode. In this PTC thermistor, the cross sections where the odd-numbered and even numbered inner electrodes are respectively in contact with the second and first electrodes are thicker than the other sections.

Abstract: An electrode for a PTC thermistor of the present invention includes a base layer having electrical conductivity and a sintered layer formed on the base layer. The sintered layer is formed by sintering a conductive powder and has electrical conductivity, and has roughness on a surface thereof. Thus, the present invention can provide an electrode for a PTC thermistor that has a large adhesion to the conductive polymer and can be produced easily.