Abstract: A polymerization curable composition comprising a specific polyfunctional polymerizable monomer having a hard molecular structure with an L-scale Rockwell hardness of its homopolymer of 60 or more, a specific polyfunctional polymerizable monomer and a photochromic compound, a photochromic lens substrate composed of a cured product of the polymerization curable composition, and a lens comprising the photochromic lens substrate. The substrate and lens show excellent photochromic properties such as high color development density and high fading rate, and the cured product has excellent substrate properties such as hardness, heat resistance and impact resistance as well as strength (toughness) that allows for its use in rimless spectacles.

Abstract: The resist according to the present invention includes any one of tetrachloromethyl tetramethoxycalix [4] arene and trichloromethyl tetramethoxycalix [4] arene. The resist including such kind of components is soluble in the solvent having less effect to worsen a working environment, namely, ethyl lactate (EL), propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME), propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), ethyl propionate, n-butyl acetate and 2-heptanone. It can be developed by tetra-methyl ammonium hydroxide in addition to the above mentioned solvent. By exposing this resist by electronic ray, high resolution of 8 nm is attained, and by using this resist as a mask, various materials can be formed into a hyperfine shape. According to such kind of resist, a photosensitive resist material which has high resolution and solvable to solvents having less effect to worsen the working environment and can be developed by the solvents, a exposure method using it, and a hyperfine processing method using it are provided.

Abstract: There is provided a coating composition which can be applied to a substrate such as a plastic lens so as to form a photochromic coating layer having good photochromic properties and excellent adhesion to the substrate on the surface of the substrate. This composition comprises, for example, as monomer components, 0.1 to 20 wt % of monomer having a group which produces a silanol group through hydrolysis such as ?-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.1 to 50 wt % of monomer having at least one oxycarbonyl group in a molecule. The composition can further contain a maleimide compound as a monomer component and further desirably contains an amine compound.

Abstract: A photochromic cured product exhibiting favorable photochromic properties such as a high color density and a large fading rate, and excellent base member properties such as a high hardness, a high heat resistance and a high impact resistance. A curable composition contains a polymerizable monomer which exhibits the L-scale Rockwell hardness of not larger than 40, a bifunctional polymerizable monomer which exhibits the L-scale Rockwell hardness of not smaller than 60, a polyfunctional polymerizable monomer which exhibits the L-scale Rockwell hardness of not smaller than 60, and a photochromic compound.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed to produce a cured product having excellent photochromism which can be easily polymerized in a short period of time. The cured product is obtained by photopolymerizing a polymerizable composition comprising (A) a radical polymerizable monomer, (B) an ultraviolet polymerization initiator having the main absorption at an ultraviolet range and a molar absorption coefficient for light having a wavelength of 400 nm of 150 liter/(mol·cm) or more, (C) a thermopolymerization initiator such as a thermopolymerization initiator having a temperature at which the half-life thereof is 10 hours of 60° C. or more and (D) a photochromic compound by irradiating activation energy rays having a wavelength of 400 nm or more as the main emission spectrum, preferably to ensure that the temperature of the cured product does not exceed 50° C., and further thermopolymerizing the composition by heating.

Abstract: A curable composition which provides a coating layer having high adhesion to a substrate and a hard coat layer and extremely excellent photochromic properties such as high color development intensity, high fading speed and excellent durability. This composition comprises (1) 100 parts by weight of radically polymerizable monomers including a silyl monomer such as &ggr;-methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and/or an isocyanate monomer such as 2-isocyanatoethoxy methacrylate, (2) 0.01 to 20 parts by weight of an amine compound and (3) 0.01 to 20 parts by weight of a photochromic compound. A photochromic optical material having excellent adhesion between a photochromic coating layer and a resin substrate and obtained by using this composition as a coating material and a process for producing the photochromic optical material.

Abstract: A photochromic cured product which has excellent photochromism such as high color density and high fading speed, excellent adhesion to a hard coat and high striping work efficiency. This cured product is obtained by polymerizing and curing a curable composition which comprises (A) a polyfunctional polymerizable monomer such as trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, (B) a silyl monomer such as &ggr;-methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, (C) another radically polymerizable monomer and (D) a photochromic compound. As for the contents of the polymerizable monomers, the content of the component (A) is 1 to 50 wt %, the content of the component (B) is 0.5 to 20 wt % and the balance consists of the component (C) based on the total of the components (A), (B) and (C). The photochromic compound (D) is contained in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the components (A), (B) and (C).

Abstract: A photochromic composition and a coating composition comprising a molecular compound of a chromene compound and an aromatic compound. The photochromic composition provides a photochromic optical material as a cured product and the coating composition is applied to a lens substrate and cured to provide a photochromic optical material. The above molecular compound is also provided.

Abstract: Novel chromene compounds having various substituents to exhibit a high color-developing sensitivity and a high density even when dispersed in a high-molecular matrix, and exhibiting a large fading rate, less color when deteriorated, and excellent light resistance in the photochromic properties; photochromic materials containing the chromene compounds; and use thereof.

Abstract: A chromene compound which develops yellow to red color, a high color density and a little initial color and which, when used in combination with an existing photochromic compound that exhibits blue color so as to develop a neutral tint, maintains uniformity in the color tone at the time of developing color or fading color, or exhibits a very large color fading rate.

Abstract: A photochromic cured product exhibiting excellent photochromic properties such as a high color density and a high fading rate, as well as excellent base material properties such as a high hardness and a large heat resistance.

Abstract: Novel chromene compounds having various substituents to exhibit a high color-developing sensitivity and a high density even when dispersed in a high-molecular matrix, and exhibiting a large fading rate, less color when deteriorated, and excellent light resistance in the photochromic properties; photochromic materials containing the chromene compounds; and use thereof.

Abstract: A method of preparing a sulfur-containing compound having at least one thio group in the molecules by reacting a thiol compound with an organic compound having at least one functional group capable of forming a thio group in the molecules upon reacting with a mercapto group in the presence of a basic compound, wherein the number of moles of water contained in the reaction system is set to be not larger than 7.5 times as large as the number of moles obtained by multiplying the number of moles of the thiol compound to be reacted by a number of mercapto groups present in one molecule of the thiol compound.

Abstract: A chromene compound which develops yellow to red color, a high color density and a little initial color and which, when used in combination with an existing photochromic compound that exhibits blue color so as to develop a neutral tint, maintains uniformity in the color tone at the time of developing color or fading color, or exhibits a very large color fading rate.

Abstract: Novel chromene compounds having various substituents to exhibit a high color-developing sensitivity and a high density even when dispersed in a high-molecular matrix, and exhibiting a large fading rate, less color when deteriorated, and excellent light resistance in the photochromic properties; photochromic materials containing the chromene compounds; and use thereof.

Abstract: A chromene compound which develops yellow to red color, a high color density and a little initial color and which, when used in combination with an existing photochromic compound that exhibits blue color so as to develop a neutral tint, maintains uniformity in the color tone at the time of developing color or fading color, or exhibits a very large color fading rate.

Abstract: A photochromic cured product which has excellent photochromism such as high color density and high fading speed, excellent adhesion to a hard coat and high striping work efficiency. This cured product is obtained by polymerizing and curing a curable composition which comprises (A) a polyfunctional polymerizable monomer such as trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, (B) a silyl monomer such as &ggr;-methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, (C) another radically polymerizable monomer and (D) a photochromic compound. As for the contents of the polymerizable monomers, the content of the component (A) is 1 to 50 wt %, the content of the component (B) is 0.5 to 20 wt % and the balance consists of the component (C) based on the total of the components (A), (B) and (C). The photochromic compound (D) is contained in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the components (A), (B) and (C).

Abstract: A chromene compound which develops yellow to red color, a high color density and a little initial color and which, when used in combination with an existing photochromic compound that exhibits blue color so as to develop a neutral tint, maintains uniformity in the color tone at the time of developing color or fading color, or exhibits a very large color fading rate.

Abstract: A photochromic cured product exhibiting excellent photochromic properties such as a high color density and a high fading rate, as well as excellent base material properties such as a high hardness and a large heat resistance.

Abstract: A photochromic compound which by itself develops a color tone of a neutral tint, exhibits a large fading rate and offers a good photochromic light resistance.