Abstract: A sorting method for plastics, including: sorting a predetermined plastic piece from a mixed plastic piece group including plastic pieces of a plurality of types; identifying the plurality of types of the plastic pieces; and calculating mixing rates of the plurality of types in the mixed plastic piece group based on a result obtained in the identifying, the identifying is performed on the mixed plastic piece group prior to the sorting, a sorting condition of the sorting is set based on an identification result obtained in the identifying, the identifying includes identifying the plurality of types of the plastic pieces with a beam.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a diagnostic method for an oil-filled electrical device that considers a temperature distribution in the oil-filled electrical device and enables accurate diagnosis to be conducted even when the method is applied to diagnosis of an actually operating device, and further provide a method with which such diagnosis of an oil-filled electrical device can be conducted from a component analysis value of an insulating oil in the oil-filled electrical device. The invention is a diagnostic method for an oil-filled electrical device including in an insulating oil a metal part wrapped with insulating paper, and determines that a time when a surface resistivity of a maximum precipitation site where metal sulfide is most precipitated on the insulating paper reaches a preset surface resistivity management value is a time of occurrence of an abnormality.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for inhibiting production of copper sulfide in an electrical insulating oil inside an oil-filled electrical apparatus, including adding a benzotriazole compound not having a long-chain alkyl group when the oil-filled electrical apparatus is an open-type oil-filled electrical apparatus, or adding a benzotriazole compound having a long-chain alkyl group when the oil-filled electrical apparatus is a closed-type oil-filled electrical apparatus.

Abstract: A sorting method for plastics, including: sorting a predetermined plastic piece from a mixed plastic piece group including plastic pieces of a plurality of types; identifying the plurality of types of the plastic pieces; and calculating mixing rates of the plurality of types in the mixed plastic piece group based on a result obtained in the identifying, the identifying is performed on the mixed plastic piece group prior to the sorting, a sorting condition of the sorting is set based on an identification result obtained in the identifying, the identifying includes identifying the plurality of types of the plastic pieces with a beam.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for inhibiting production of copper sulfide in an electrical insulating oil inside an oil-filled electrical apparatus, including adding a benzotriazole compound not having a long-chain alkyl group when the oil-filled electrical apparatus is an open-type oil-filled electrical apparatus, or adding a benzotriazole compound having a long-chain alkyl group when the oil-filled electrical apparatus is a closed-type oil-filled electrical apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is a diagnosis method for an oil-filled electrical apparatus, which is for evaluating the degree of danger of copper sulfide being generated within the oil-filled electrical apparatus, comprising: a first step for detecting a specific compound contained within insulating oil inside the oil-filled electrical apparatus; a second step for evaluating the possibility of copper sulfide being generated inside the oil-filled electrical apparatus, on the basis of the result detected by the first step; and a third step for diagnosing the degree of danger of a malfunction occurring in the oil-filled electrical apparatus, on the basis of the evaluation result obtained in the second step. The specific compound contains dibenzyl disulfide and/or a reaction product of a radical resulting from dibenzyl disulfide, and di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and/or a reaction product of a radical resulting from di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, or, di-tert-butyl-phenol and/or a reaction product of a radical resulting from di-tert-butyl-phenol.

Abstract: An oil immersed electrical apparatus such as an oil immersed transformer that can detect copper sulfide precipitated on coil insulating paper is provided. In the oil immersed transformer in which a coil with its surface covered by insulating paper is arranged in a container filled with insulating oil, a detection member is prepared by providing two electrodes on a surface of a plate-like pressboard formed of cellulose, which is a same material as that of the insulating paper, this detection member is arranged in contact with the insulating oil, and generation of copper sulfide is detected from reduction in a surface resistance between the electrodes. The temperature of the detection member is set higher than the temperature of the coil so that copper sulfide is generated thereon prior to generation of copper sulfide on a coil unit.

Abstract: A method allowing an accurate diagnosis of a failure of an oil-filled electrical apparatus resulting from production of copper sulfide even with a small amount of an insulating oil is implemented. A diagnostic method for an oil-filled electrical apparatus for diagnosing a failure of the oil-filled electrical apparatus having a copper part disposed in an insulating oil is implemented by detecting at least one compound of bibenzyl and dibenzyl sulfide in the oil of the oil-filled electrical apparatus, to diagnose a failure of the oil-filled electrical apparatus in accordance with the detected amount of the compound. It is configured such that a failure of the oil-filled electrical apparatus resulting from production of copper sulfide can be diagnosed by detecting a specified substance, which allows an accurate diagnosis of a failure even with a small amount of the insulating oil.

Abstract: A method for predicting the possibility of occurrence of an anomaly includes compositionally analyzing an insulating oil collected from a transformer in operation, calculating an estimated value of a concentration of dibenzyl disulfide in the insulating oil in its virgin state from the compositional analysis, and predicting the possibility of occurrence of anomaly in the oil-filled electrical apparatus from the level of the estimated value.

Abstract: An oil immersed electrical apparatus such as an oil immersed transformer that can detect copper sulfide precipitated on coil insulating paper is provided. In the oil immersed transformer in which a coil with its surface covered by insulating paper is arranged in a container filled with insulating oil, a detection member is prepared by providing two electrodes on a surface of a plate-like pressboard formed of cellulose, which is a same material as that of the insulating paper, this detection member is arranged in contact with the insulating oil, and generation of copper sulfide is detected from reduction in a surface resistance between the electrodes. The temperature of the detection member is set higher than the temperature of the coil so that copper sulfide is generated thereon prior to generation of copper sulfide on a coil unit.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a diagnostic method for an oil-filled electrical device that considers a temperature distribution in the oil-filled electrical device and enables accurate diagnosis to be conducted even when the method is applied to diagnosis of an actually operating device, and further provide a method with which such diagnosis of an oil-filled electrical device can be conducted from a component analysis value of an insulating oil in the oil-filled electrical device. The invention is a diagnostic method for an oil-filled electrical device including in an insulating oil a metal part wrapped with insulating paper, and determines that a time when a surface resistivity of a maximum precipitation site where metal sulfide is most precipitated on the insulating paper reaches a preset surface resistivity management value is a time of occurrence of an abnormality.

Abstract: A method allowing an accurate diagnosis of a failure of an oil-filled electrical apparatus resulting from production of copper sulfide even with a small amount of an insulating oil is implemented. A diagnostic method for an oil-filled electrical apparatus for diagnosing a failure of the oil-filled electrical apparatus having a copper part disposed in an insulating oil is implemented by detecting at least one compound of bibenzyl and dibenzyl sulfide in the oil of the oil-filled electrical apparatus, to diagnose a failure of the oil-filled electrical apparatus in accordance with the detected amount of the compound. It is configured such that a failure of the oil-filled electrical apparatus resulting from production of copper sulfide can be diagnosed by detecting a specified substance, which allows an accurate diagnosis of a failure even with a small amount of the insulating oil.

Abstract: An ohmic electrode is formed by stacking a lower Ti layer, a diffusion preventing layer, an upper Ti layers and a metallic (Au) layer on a p-type GaAs layer. The diffusion preventing layer includes tantalum (Ta) or niobium (Nb). Thus, interdiffusion of Ga and As in the p-type GaAs layer and Au in the metallic layer can be prevented, and variation in resistivity of the ohmic electrode in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment can be suppressed.

Abstract: An ohmic electrode is formed by stacking a lower Ti layer, a diffusion preventing layer, an upper Ti layer, and a metallic (Au) layer on a p-type GaAs layer. The diffusion preventing layer includes tantalum (Ta) or niobium (Nb). Thus, interdiffusion of Ga and As in the p-type GaAs layer and Au in the metallic layer can be prevented, and variation in resistivity of the ohmic electrode in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment can be suppressed.

Abstract: A method of etching a semiconductor device preventing tapering of a gate electrode edge includes a main etching of an electrode or wiring material supported by a dielectric film at a semiconductor substrate surface to expose the dielectric film. After the main etching step, residues of the electrode or the wiring material by sequentially etching utilizing a first gas mixture including a halogen-containing gas and an additive gas suppressing etching of the dielectric film by the halogen-containing gas, and in a second gas mixture gas including the halogen-containing gas and the additive gas and having the additive gas amount in a larger concentration than the first gas mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device which is intended to prevent occurrence of tapering of the shape of a gate electrode edge portion as has been deemed to be a problem at high-selectivity overetching process steps using a gas of HBr/O2 based gas.

Abstract: In a semiconductor laser device including a window structure region formed by disordering an active layer or active layers of a quantum well structure by silicon ion implantation and a subsequent heat treatment, a dislocation loop is substantially absent in the window structure region and the vicinity thereof (upper clad layer). Accordingly, deterioration of the semiconductor laser device induced by dislocation loops can be prevented, and reliability of the semiconductor laser device can be improved.

Abstract: A thin film forming apparatus using laser includes a chamber (1), a target (5) placed therein, a laser light source (10) for emitting laser beam to target (5), and a substrate holder (3). When target (5) is irradiated with laser beam (16), a plume (15) is generated, and materials included in plume (15) are deposited on the surface of a substrate (2) held by substrate holder (3). The laser beam emitted from laser light source (10) has its cross section shaped to a desired shape when passed through a shielding plate (4804), for example, so that the surface of the target (5) is irradiated with the beam having uniform light intensity distribution. Therefore, a plume (15) having uniform density distribution of active particles is generated, and therefore a thin film of high quality can be formed over a wide area with uniform film quality, without damaging the substrate.