Abstract: A method for measuring and calibrating a centroid of a coarse stage of a photolithography tool by means of measuring an offset of the centroid relative to a midpoint of the coarse stage is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for measuring and calibrating a centroid of a coarse stage of a photolithography tool by means of measuring an offset of the centroid relative to a midpoint of the coarse stage is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of preparing diffusion layers, and superimposing the diffusion layers on a proton exchange membrane having a catalyst layer on each surface, wherein the method for preparing the proton exchange membrane having a catalyst layer on each surface comprises the steps of: filling a catalyst slurry containing a catalyst and a bonding agent between two polymer films, and pressing the polymer films filled with the catalyst slurry to obtain a catalyst layer; and superimposing the catalyst layer on each surface of a proton exchange membrane. The method of the present invention can control the thickness of the catalyst layers by pressing during preparation thereof, therefore, the catalyst layers have an even thickness and surface.

Abstract: This invention relates to a negative electrode of a rechargeable battery. In particular, the active material for the negative electrode is a mixture of two types of graphite, graphite A and graphite B. Graphite A are of graphite granules having an average granule diameter between 10 and 40 ?m, and a crystallite interlayer spacing, d002, between 0.335 and 0.342 nm. Graphite B are graphite granules with an average granule diameter between 5 and 30 ?m and a crystallite interlayer spacing, d002, between 0.336 and 0.360 nm. The ratio of the weight of the graphite A and graphite B is between 25:75 to 80:20. To fabricate said negative electrode, take said mixture of graphite A and graphite B, add binder, dispersant, and solvent. Then stir to mix, coating the resultant mixture on a foil, heat to dry, and compress to form the negative electrode. A lithium ion rechargeable battery made with said negative electrode has high discharge capacity, long cycle life, excellent high current and safety characteristics.

Abstract: This invention provides a type of cathode flow field plate for fuel cells. The cathode flow field plate comprises a cooling flow field and a reacting flow field, gas entrances, gas exits and plate ribs. Here, an end of said flow field is connected to the gas entrances. The other end is connected to the gas exits. Said cooling flow field comprises of a distributing rib. Said distributing rib is located between the gas entrances and the gas exits. There are connecting pores between said gas entrances and the distributing rib. The cathode flow field plate for fuel cells provided in this invention uses the distributing rib and the connecting pores to divide the gas into cooling gas and reacting gas. Since a single gas source is used, the only parameter subject to adjustment is the total amount of gas flow. Thus the control of the gases is relatively simple. The devices controlling the sources of the cooling gas and the reacting gas can be minimized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a proton exchange membrane having a polymer comprising of a main chain and a branch chain connected to said main chain wherein the chemical formula for said branch chain is and where n is an integer. Said main chain is a polymer selected from the group that includes: aliphatic polymers, aliphatic block polymers, and aliphatic random copolymers. The fabrication method for said polymers comprises the steps of: reacting a polymer having a benzene ring in its branch chain with a sulfo-alkylated chemical reagent and a catalyst in an anhydrous solvent in an inert atmosphere; separating the resulting sulfo-alkylated polymer; and acidifying to obtain said fabricated polymer. Proton exchange membranes made with these polymers are pliant, do not expand much during wet conditions, and, are chemically, hydrolytically, dimensionally and thermally stable.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flow-field plate and fuel cell stack using the same. The flow-field plate of the present invention comprises a center hole (5) formed at the center of the flow-field plate, a inlet (6) and a outlet (7) formed on two positions near the outer edge of the flow-field plate, and flow grooves extending radially from the center hole (5) on one side of the flow-field plate. Since the flow-field plate according to the present invention may comprise flow grooves extending radially and having short flow path, which is benefit for reactants diffusion, there is no “dead-end” on the flow-field plate and reactants may distribute uniformly to each part of flow-field plate. Furthermore, resultants generated from reaction, such as water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., may be discharged in time and not accumulate on flow-field plate. Therefore, the reactant utilization ratio, the fuel cell performances and its service life may be improved.

Abstract: Active materials for positive electrodes of rechargeable batteries and the methods of fabrication for the active materials as well as positive electrodes thereof are provided, where the active material comprises of a mixture of two components, A and B. A are compounds of lithium nickel cobalt metal oxide while B are oxides of lithium cobalt. In a preferred embodiment, a formula for the compounds of lithium nickel metal oxide, A, is LiaNi1-b-cCobMcO2 where 0.97?a?1.05, 0.01?b?0.30, 0?c?0.10, and M is one or more of the following: manganese, aluminum, titanium, chromium, magnesium, calcium, vanadium, iron, and zirconium. The weight ratio of A:B is between 20:80 and 80:20.

Abstract: A fuel cell that uses one or more types of fuel comprises a fuel cell stack, a reservoir connected to the fuel cell stack, and a supply valve that controls the supply of the fuel from its fuel source. Furthermore, methods for operating a fuel cell includes the steps: supplying the fuel to the fuel cell stack and the reservoir from the fuel source, operating the fuel cell from the fuel in the fuel reservoir, supplying said fuel from the fuel source and removing the exhaust from the fuel cell stack into the reservoir. The reservoir stores fuel and exhaust and allows the fuel cell to continue operation for long periods of time without releasing any gaseous exhaust or discharging any liquid exhaust.

Abstract: A fuel cell battery, comprising a chamber unit (1), an anode entrance (2) connected to the chamber unit (1), an anode exit (3), a cathode entrance (4) and a cathode exit (5). The anode entrance (2) is connected to a hydrogen source (11) and an organic fuel source (12) respectively through a hydrogen duct (9) and an organic fuel duct (10). Duct (9) and duct (10) are respectively installed with a hydrogen valve (13) and an organic fuel valve (14). An exit valve (20) is installed at the anode exit. This fuel cell battery combines the advantages provided by hydrogen fuel and organic fuel. The fuel cell battery can meet the dual requirements of operating on both high and low power. The fuel cell battery's design leads to low manufacturing costs, a simple structure, and easy implementation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses negative electrodes for alkaline storage batteries and their methods of fabrication. The material for said negative electrode comprises of an additive that has at least one calcium compound selected from the following: tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, and tricalcium aluminate. The concentration of said additive is between 1 wt % and 15 wt % of the material of said negative electrode. To fabricate said negative electrode, said additive is mixed with an active material for the negative electrode to form a paste, which is then dried. This method of fabrication is simple, convenient and low in cost. An alkaline battery using said material for its negative electrode has long cycle life and a large capacity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flow-field plate and fuel cell stack using the same. The flow-field plate of the present invention comprises a center hole (5) formed at the center of the flow-field plate, a inlet (6) and a outlet (7) formed on two positions near the outer edge of the flow-field plate, and flow grooves extending radially from the center hole (5) on one side of the flow-field plate. Since the flow-field plate according to the present invention may comprise flow grooves extending radially and having short flow path, which is benefit for reactants diffusion, there is no “dead-end” on the flow-field plate and reactants may distribute uniformly to each part of flow-field plate. Furthermore, resultants generated from reaction, such as water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., may be discharged in time and not accumulate on flow-field plate. Therefore, the reactant utilization ratio, the fuel cell performances and its service life may be improved.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and a control method thereof; said system comprises a fuel cell generator (5), a fuel supply unit (6), a gas supply unit (7), a detection unit (8), and a control unit (9); said detection unit (8) is for detecting the discharge parameter of said fuel cell generator (5); said control unit (9) is for controlling fuel supply from said fuel supply unit (6) and gas supply from said gas supply unit (7) in accordance with the discharge parameter detected by said detection unit (8); wherein, said detection unit (8) is a current detection device, and the discharge parameter of said fuel cell generator (5) detected by said detection unit (8) is the discharge current value. The present invention utilizes the discharge current output from the fuel cell generator as the main parameter to control the fuel/gas supply units; therefore, the control is more direct and effective.

Abstract: The present invention discloses aqueous LCD cleaning agent compounds and their fabrication methods. Said cleaning agent compounds comprise of double fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyethylene(3) glycol alkyl ether tri(alkyl ethers)amine sulfate and/or polyethylene(3) glycol enyl ether tri(alkyl ethers)amine sulfate, alkyl benzenesulfonic acid, lecithins and water. In particular, the weight of the ingredients in the compounds as a weight percentage of the weight of the compounds is: double fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester (10-50 wt %), fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (5-60 wt %), polyethylene(3) glycol alkyl ether tri(alkyl ethers)amine sulfate and/or polyethylene(3) glycol enyl ether tri(alkyl ethers)amine sulfate (5-20 wt %), alkyl benzenesulfonic acid (1-15 wt %), lecithins (1-10 wt %), water (5-50 wt %).

Abstract: The present invention provides materials for negative electrodes of lithium rechargeable batteries. These materials include lithium alloy composites. Each lithium alloy composite has a core-shell structure with one or more lithium alloy granules as its core and a carbon material as its shell. The average granule diameter of the lithium alloy granule is between 5 ?m and 40 ?m. The average thickness of the shell layer is between 50 ? and 1000 ?. The average diameter of the lithium alloy composite is between 10 ?m to 50 ?m. The methods of fabrication for the material includes the following steps: stirring lithium alloy granules in an organic solution with a coating substance, drying the solid product in the organic solution with a coating substance, calcining the dried product to obtain the negative electrode material with lithium alloy composites.

Abstract: A water soluble detergent composition for liquid crystal is presented. The composition includes 10-50 wt % of polyethylene glycol biester, 5-60 wt % of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5-20 wt % of alkyl tri-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate tri-fatty alcohol amine and/or alkenyl tri-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate tri-fatty alcohol amine, 1-15 wt % of alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, 1-10 wt % of lecithin, and 5-50 wt % of water. The detergent composition can effectively remove liquid crystal material invading into the gap of the liquid crystal panel, and foreign substances attached on the substrate surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flow-field plate and fuel cell stack using the same. The flow-field plate (19) of the present invention comprises a center hole (5) formed at the center of flow-field plate, a inlet (6) and a outlet (7) formed on two positions near the outer edge of flow-field plate, and flow grooves distributing around the center hole (5) and communicating with the inlet (6) and outlet (7) on one side of flow-field plate. Since the flow-field plate according to the present invention comprises flow grooves distributing around the center hole and communicating with the inlet and outlet, which is benefit for oxidant diffusion, there is no “dead-end” on the flow-field plate and reactants may distribute uniformly to each part of flow-field plate. Furthermore, resultants generated from reaction, such as water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., may be discharged in time and not accumulate on flow-field plate. Therefore, the reactant utilization ratio, the fuel cell performances and its service life may be improved.

Abstract: Fabrication methods for catalyst coated membranes are provided. The methods include exposing a micro-porous membrane to a catalyst dispersing solution to form a catalyst containing micro-porous membrane. The methods also include exposing the catalyst containing micro-porous membrane to a resin dispersing solution to form a catalyst layer and placing a proton exchange membrane between two of the catalyst layers with a laminating process to form the catalyst coated membrane. The fabrication methods provide filling process to uniformly fill the catalysts and resin throughout the pores of the micro-porous membranes in the catalyst layers. These micro-porous membranes are hydrophobic and easily discharge water when necessary. Therefore, membrane electrode assemblies with catalyst coated membranes fabricated using the provided methods are stable and perform well during fuel cell operation.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing a membrane electrode of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of preparing diffusion layers, and superimposing the diffusion layers on a proton exchange membrane having a catalyst layer on each surface, wherein the method for preparing the proton exchange membrane having a catalyst layer on each surface comprises the steps of: filling a catalyst slurry containing a catalyst and a bonding agent between two polymer films, and pressing the polymer films filled with the catalyst slurry to obtain a catalyst layer; and superimposing the catalyst layer on each surface of a proton exchange membrane. The method of the present invention can control the thickness of the catalyst layers by pressing during preparation thereof, therefore, the catalyst layers have an even thickness and surface.

Abstract: The present invention discloses aqueous LCD cleaning agent compounds and their fabrication methods. Said cleaning agent compounds comprise of polyoxyethylene glycol bistearate, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, polyethylene(3) glycol alkyl ether tri(alkyl ethers)amine sulfate and/or polyethylene(3) glycol enyl ether tri(alkyl ethers)amine sulfate, alkyl benzenesulfonic acid, lecithins and water. In particular, the weight of the ingredients in the compounds as a weight percentage of the weight of the compounds is: polyoxyethylene glycol bistearate (10-50 wt %), polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether (5-60 wt %), polyethylene(3) glycol alkyl ether tri(alkyl ethers)amine sulfate and/or polyethylene(3) glycol enyl ether tri(alkyl ethers)amine sulfate (5-20 wt %), alkyl benzenesulfonic acid (1-15 wt %), lecithins (1-10 wt %), water (5-50 wt %).