Abstract: A monitoring system includes a reference station, a mobile station, a plurality of integrated sensing units, and a server. The reference station is configured to provide fixed reference coordinates to the server. The mobile station transmits multi-frequency electromagnetic wave signals to the integrated sensing units. Based on water depth and position information detected by sensors of the integrated sensing units in combination with information of electromagnetic wave signals as well as a propagation distance and time, displacement information of the integrated sensing units can be obtained. The data is transmitted to the mobile station, which further transmits the data to the server, to accomplish monitoring for the reservoir landslide water-level-fluctuation zone. Automated monitoring is achieved and the monitoring cycle covers the entire deformation and evolution phases of landslides.

Abstract: In an unmanned system for monitoring lateral deformation of a landslide based on inertial measurement, a deformable coupling pipeline is disposed in a landslide mass. An unmanned trajectory tracer is provided with a battery, a motor wheel, an inertial sensor, and a single chip microcomputer that are electrically connected. The single chip microcomputer controls the motor wheel to drive the unmanned trajectory tracer to move back and forth in the deformable coupling pipeline. The single chip microcomputer controls the inertial sensor to measure a shape of the deformable coupling pipeline. Two monitoring piers are disposed at two ends of the deformable coupling pipeline respectively. The monitoring pier is provided with a GPS device and a communication device, the communication device is in communication connection with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer obtains the shape of the deformable coupling pipeline and sends to the communication device.

Abstract: In a manual/automatic non-electric-connection borehole clinometer for a landslide, a clinometer probe completes borehole inclination measurement; a hoisting mechanism is connected to the clinometer probe by a pull rope; and a first tooth disc of an automatic clutch and a first tooth disc of a manual clutch are fixed to a left shaft end and a right shaft end of the hoisting mechanism respectively, a second tooth disc of the automatic clutch is fixed to a driving shaft of an electric driving mechanism and selectively meshes with or moves away from the first tooth disc of the automatic clutch, and a second tooth disc of the manual clutch is fixed to a driving shaft of a manual driving mechanism and selectively meshes with or moves away from the first tooth disc of the manual clutch.

Abstract: A casing pipe extends in a vertical direction and is configured to be lowered into a borehole, and a mounting hole penetrates a side wall of the casing pipe; a push body is mounted in the mounting hole, a push groove is provided in one side, facing an interior of the casing pipe, of the push body, a flexible body is attached to an inner side wall of the casing pipe, one end of the flexible body is connected to the push body, the other end thereof is located in the casing pipe, and a sensor is mounted on the flexible body; and a propelling portion is connected to a driving mechanism and configured to be lowered to a position, opposite the push groove, in the borehole, and the driving mechanism drives the propelling portion to move towards the push groove.

Abstract: In an array-type underwater apparatus for monitoring deformation of a reservoir landslide, an anchor is buried at an underwater monitoring point in a landslide mass, and a floating shell is configured to float on a water surface. A GPS sensor is configured to transmit and receive a GPS signal to obtain a real-time position of the floating shell, a water temperature sensor is used to obtain a water temperature-time relationship, and a gravity wave gauge is used to obtain a wave height-time relationship. An upper end of a pull cord is securely connected to the floating shell via a displacement compensation mechanism, and a lower end of the pull cord is securely connected to the anchor. The displacement compensation mechanism compensates for a displacement after the floating shell floats with a wave. An encoder-type displacement meter measures a real-time distance between the encoder-type displacement meter and the anchor.

Abstract: A casing pipe extends in a vertical direction, and two adjacent casing pipes are connected by a plurality of link mechanisms; the link mechanism includes two supports, the two supports are hinged by a first pin to form a hinged portion, an upper end and a lower end of the link mechanism are hinged to two adjacent casing pipes by second pins separately, a sensor is fixed to the link mechanism, and the link mechanism has an initial state of extending in the vertical direction and an extending state in which the hinged portion extends outwards to be located on an outer side of the casing pipe; a driving mechanism drives a push portion to move towards the link mechanism; and a downward pressing apparatus is used for pressing a top end of the topmost casing pipe downwards to push the hinged portion into a side wall of the borehole.

Abstract: In a manual/automatic non-electric-connection borehole clinometer for a landslide, a clinometer probe completes borehole inclination measurement; a hoisting mechanism is connected to the clinometer probe by a pull rope; and a first tooth disc of an automatic clutch and a first tooth disc of a manual clutch are fixed to a left shaft end and a right shaft end of the hoisting mechanism respectively, a second tooth disc of the automatic clutch is fixed to a driving shaft of an electric driving mechanism and selectively meshes with or moves away from the first tooth disc of the automatic clutch, and a second tooth disc of the manual clutch is fixed to a driving shaft of a manual driving mechanism and selectively meshes with or moves away from the first tooth disc of the manual clutch.

Abstract: A casing pipe extends in a vertical direction, and two adjacent casing pipes are connected by a plurality of link mechanisms; the link mechanism includes two supports, the two supports are hinged by a first pin to form a hinged portion, an upper end and a lower end of the link mechanism are hinged to two adjacent casing pipes by second pins separately, a sensor is fixed to the link mechanism, and the link mechanism has an initial state of extending in the vertical direction and an extending state in which the hinged portion extends outwards to be located on an outer side of the casing pipe; a driving mechanism drives a push portion to move towards the link mechanism; and a downward pressing apparatus is used for pressing a top end of the topmost casing pipe downwards to push the hinged portion into a side wall of the borehole.

Abstract: A measurement unit module includes a printed circuit board (PCB) and electronic components being mounted on a front face of the PCB, a plurality of measurement unit modules are arranged at intervals in an extending direction of a stripped flat cable, the stripped flat cable is electrically connected to back faces of the plurality of PCBs in sequence to form a measurement unit cluster, the measurement unit cluster is packaged and molded by an extrusion technology of silica gel to form the flexible sensing strip, and the flexible sensing strip can be wound into a sensing strip reel. The packaging structure has the beneficial effects that connection integrity between the measurement unit modules is enhanced, connection strength is improved, and reliability of a flexible clinometer is improved. The flexible sensing strip can be wound into the sensing strip reel so as to be convenient to carry and convey.

Abstract: A casing pipe extends in a vertical direction and is configured to be lowered into a borehole, and a mounting hole penetrates a side wall of the casing pipe; a push body is mounted in the mounting hole, a push groove is provided in one side, facing an interior of the casing pipe, of the push body, a flexible body is attached to an inner side wall of the casing pipe, one end of the flexible body is connected to the push body, the other end thereof is located in the casing pipe, and a sensor is mounted on the flexible body; and a propelling portion is connected to a driving mechanism and configured to be lowered to a position, opposite the push groove, in the borehole, and the driving mechanism drives the propelling portion to move towards the push groove.

Abstract: A plurality of multifunctional underwater 3D displacement meters are arranged in a lattice and connected sequentially; four rotation shafts may be rotatably mounted in a housing and extend in a vertical direction, one end of the rotation shaft and the housing are connected to a compressible spring, four perforations penetrate the housing in a circumferential direction at intervals, the metallic lines correspond to the perforations one to one, one end of the metallic line is wound around the rotation shaft, and the other end thereof penetrates out of the perforation and is connected to the metallic line of the adjacent 3D displacement meter; and the displacement meter corresponds to the metallic line for measuring a take-up and pay-off length of the metallic line, and a three-axis acceleration sensor and a fluxgate monitor inclination angle change and azimuth angle change of the 3D displacement meter.

Abstract: A plurality of multifunctional underwater 3D displacement meters are arranged in a lattice and connected sequentially; four rotation shafts may be rotatably mounted in a housing and extend in a vertical direction, one end of the rotation shaft and the housing are connected to a compressible spring, four perforations penetrate the housing in a circumferential direction at intervals, the metallic lines correspond to the perforations one to one, one end of the metallic line is wound around the rotation shaft, and the other end thereof penetrates out of the perforation and is connected to the metallic line of the adjacent 3D displacement meter; and the displacement meter corresponds to the metallic line for measuring a take-up and pay-off length of the metallic line, and a three-axis acceleration sensor and a fluxgate monitor inclination angle change and azimuth angle change of the 3D displacement meter.

Abstract: A penetration-type monitor includes a casing pipe and sensor penetration scissors, the sensor penetration scissors are arranged in a shear shape, and a first blade and a second blade rotate close to each other or away from each other in the vertical direction so as to define an initial position and a monitoring position of the sensor penetration scissors; when the sensor penetration scissors are located at the initial position, ends of pressed portions of the first blade and the second blade are arranged at an interval one above the other, when the sensor penetration scissors are located at the monitoring position, the pressed portions move close to each other, and shearing portions penetrate out of a mounting hole to shear a sliding mass; and a monitor arrangement system drives the sensor penetration scissors to move from the initial position to the monitoring position.

Abstract: A device for monitoring underwater surface overflow seepage of a landslide includes an underwater seepage monitor arranged on an underwater sliding mass, the underwater seepage monitor includes a bearing housing, a flow guide pipe, a silt discharging cover plate and a silt discharging mechanism, the silt discharging mechanism driving the silt discharging cover plate to be switched between a blocking position and an opening position. Considering complex environmental factors, a multifunctional flow monitor is embedded into a sliding mass and surrounds an outlet of the underwater landslide seepage. A silt discharging hole is provided in the bearing housing, the silt discharging mechanism is configured to drive the silt discharging cover plate to be located at the opening position, and silt in the bearing housing may be discharged from the silt discharging hole, such that the problem of silt deposition caused by overflow seepage of an underwater landslide is solved.

Abstract: A penetration-type monitor includes a casing pipe and sensor penetration scissors, the sensor penetration scissors are arranged in a shear shape, and a first blade and a second blade rotate close to each other or away from each other in the vertical direction so as to define an initial position and a monitoring position of the sensor penetration scissors; when the sensor penetration scissors are located at the initial position, ends of pressed portions of the first blade and the second blade are arranged at an interval one above the other, when the sensor penetration scissors are located at the monitoring position, the pressed portions move close to each other, and shearing portions penetrate out of a mounting hole to shear a sliding mass; and a monitor arrangement system drives the sensor penetration scissors to move from the initial position to the monitoring position.

Abstract: In an array-type underwater apparatus for monitoring deformation of a reservoir landslide, an anchor is buried at an underwater monitoring point in a landslide mass, and a floating shell is configured to float on a water surface. A GPS sensor is configured to transmit and receive a GPS signal to obtain a real-time position of the floating shell, a water temperature sensor is used to obtain a water temperature-time relationship, and a gravity wave gauge is used to obtain a wave height-time relationship. An upper end of a pull cord is securely connected to the floating shell via a displacement compensation mechanism, and a lower end of the pull cord is securely connected to the anchor. The displacement compensation mechanism compensates for a displacement after the floating shell floats with a wave. An encoder-type displacement meter measures a real-time distance between the encoder-type displacement meter and the anchor.

Abstract: In an unmanned system for monitoring lateral deformation of a landslide based on inertial measurement, a deformable coupling pipeline is disposed in a landslide mass. An unmanned trajectory tracer is provided with a battery, a motor wheel, an inertial sensor, and a single chip microcomputer that are electrically connected. The single chip microcomputer controls the motor wheel to drive the unmanned trajectory tracer to move back and forth in the deformable coupling pipeline. The single chip microcomputer controls the inertial sensor to measure a shape of the deformable coupling pipeline. Two monitoring piers are disposed at two ends of the deformable coupling pipeline respectively. The monitoring pier is provided with a GPS device and a communication device, the communication device is in communication connection with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer obtains the shape of the deformable coupling pipeline and sends to the communication device.

Abstract: An arrangement method for deformation of a locked patch crack of a rock slope, includes: connecting a filling pipeline on a bladder-type monitoring probe to a mortar guiding pipe through an automatic locking and unlocking device, clamping a portion to be clamped on a bladder by a clamping assembly, driving a clamping driving mechanism to move towards an adit by a push driving mechanism, and pushing the bladder into the adit; injecting cement mortar into the bladder through the mortar guiding pipe by utilizing a high-pressure injection machine to expand the bladder until an upper surface and a lower surface of the bladder abut against an upper surface and a lower surface of the adit, and making a monitor on the bladder abut against the upper and lower surfaces of the adit; and arranging a plurality of bladder-type monitoring probes in an array in the adit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for laying out a prefabricated magnetic field and a method for responding state of a slip mass in the prefabricated magnetic field. The device may include a traction mechanism, a control mechanism and a layout probe. The layout probe may include a shell, a circuit board and at least one set of layout mechanism equipped in the shell. The layout mechanism may include a cartridge, a screw pole, an electromagnet, a driving mechanism and a pressing mechanism. The traction mechanism may lay down the layout probe to a default location of a drill hole. The control mechanism may control the driving mechanism to transmit an uppermost permanent-magnet in the layout probe to the cartridge nozzle and be attracted by the electromagnet. The pressing mechanism may move the electromagnet which presses the permanent-magnet in the inner wall of the drill hole.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a three-dimensional drainage device suitable for a loose filling slope and methods for constructing the three-dimensional drainage device. The slope includes a stable stratum and a filling soil stratum above the stable stratum. The three-dimensional drainage device includes a surface drainage mechanism, a shallow drainage mechanism and a deep drainage mechanism. The surface drainage mechanism includes one or more catchment canals arranged on an upper surface of the filling soil stratum and a pool arranged on an edge of the filling soil stratum. The shallow drainage mechanism includes one or more first collecting pipes. The deep drainage mechanism includes one or more drainage gabions and one or more second collecting pipes.