Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to establishing commodity traceability across supplier, manufacturer, and customer processes via end-to-end commodity marking traceability. A manufacturer receives incoming material, such as an industry standard commodity, from a supplier and authenticates a marking affixed to the incoming material. After authenticating the supplier's marking for the incoming material, a second marking is affixed to the incoming material. The commodity is converted at manufacturing into a finished product and associated with finished product data. The supplier's marking and the manufacturer's markings for the incoming material are related, and the relationship is related to the finished product data. The stored and maintained relationships supports integration of the first marking data and the second marking data with product data, and supports end-to-end commodity marking traceability.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to establishing commodity traceability across supplier, manufacturer, and customer processes via end-to-end commodity marking traceability. A manufacturer receives incoming material, such as an industry standard commodity, from a supplier and authenticates a marking affixed to the incoming material. After authenticating the supplier's marking for the incoming material, a second marking is affixed to the incoming material. The commodity is converted at manufacturing into a finished product and associated with finished product data. The supplier's marking and the manufacturer's markings for the incoming material are related, and the relationship is related to the finished product data. The stored and maintained relationships supports integration of the first marking data and the second marking data with product data, and supports end-to-end commodity marking traceability.

Abstract: In a method, system, and computer program product for dynamic risk assessment based product sampling, for a product to be produced in response to an order for the product, a processing flow comprising a plurality of stages for producing the product is determined. A set of conditions expected to be present at a time of executing a stage in the plurality of stages is identified. A risk model corresponding to a subset of the set of conditions is selected. A failure mode related to the risk model is selected. The failure mode is applied to the risk model using the subset of conditions to compute a risk value associated with the product. The product is selected as a sample for the stage responsive to the risk value exceeding a threshold risk value.