Abstract: A display device includes a display area and a non-display area disposed adjacent to the display area, a light emitting element disposed in the display area on a substrate, a plurality of grooves disposed in the non-display area on the substrate and including a first groove and a second groove, a plurality of first pattern layers disposed adjacent to the first groove and including an opaque material, an end of each of the plurality of first pattern layers being a first tip protruding toward the first groove, and at least one second pattern layer disposed adjacent to the second groove and including a transparent material, an end of the at least one second pattern layer being a second tip protruding toward the second groove.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oxidative decontamination reagent for removal of the dense radioactive oxide layer on a metal surface, which comprises an oxidizing agent, a metal ion, and an inorganic acid. The oxidative decontamination reagent of the present invention is characteristically prepared by adding a metal ion to the conventional oxidative decontamination reagent containing an oxidizing agent and an inorganic acid. When the oxidative decontamination reagent of the present invention is used, electric potential of the metal parts of the primary system of the nuclear power plant can be regulated as passive potential owing to the added metal ion during the oxidative decontamination of the primary metal part of the nuclear power plant. Therefore, by maintaining electric potential of the metal part as passive potential, local corrosion can be inhibited and at the same time secondary waste can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides an oxidative decontamination reagent for removal of the dense radioactive oxide layer on a metal surface, which comprises an oxidizing agent, a metal ion, and an inorganic acid. The oxidative decontamination reagent of the present invention is characteristically prepared by adding a metal ion to the conventional oxidative decontamination reagent containing an oxidizing agent and an inorganic acid. When the oxidative decontamination reagent of the present invention is used, electric potential of the metal parts of the primary system of the nuclear power plant can be regulated as passive potential owing to the added metal ion during the oxidative decontamination of the primary metal part of the nuclear power plant. Therefore, by maintaining electric potential of the metal part as passive potential, local corrosion can be inhibited and at the same time secondary waste can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: A CID management method and apparatus in a multi-hop relay BWA communication system are provided. A BS combines data destined for an RS and data to be relayed to an MS via the RS in a payload, distinguishing the data by CIDs, attaches a relay CID to the payload, and sends the payload with the relay CID to the RS. Among the data of the payload, the RS processes its data and relays to the MS the data destined for the MS by distinguishing them by the CIDs.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel includes: a substrate, a gate line disposed on the substrate, a data line intersecting the gate line, a drain electrode separated from the data line a first insulating layer covering the data line, a color filter disposed on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer disposed on the color filter and having a contact hole exposing the drain electrode and the color filter and a pixel electrode disposed on the second insulating layer and connected to the drain electrode through the contact hole. The contact hole partially exposes the color filter near a portion where the drain electrode and the pixel electrode are connected to each other, and the pixel electrode covers the color filter exposed through the contact hole.

Abstract: A ranging apparatus in a communication system is provided. A terminal generates a ranging code for ranging with a base station, maps the ranging code to at least one sub-carrier so the ranging code is repeated in a time domain, generates a ranging signal so the mapped ranging code has a size of one symbol interval, and transmits the generated ranging signal to the base station. The base station receives a ranging signal, extracts a half signal of a valid symbol interval of the ranging signal, generates a valid symbol interval signal by repeating the extracted half signal of the valid symbol interval, restores a ranging signal using the valid symbol interval signal, and performs ranging using the ranging signal.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of providing transparent relay service to a Mobile Station (MS) in a multihop relay Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) communication system. The communication method includes checking, at least one relay station (RS), a sounding channel allocated to an MS by analyzing a message broadcast from a Base Station (BS); measuring, at the BS, an BS-MS signaling level using a sounding signal of the MS, the sounding signal received in the sounding channel; measuring, at the at least one RS, an RS-MS signaling level using a sounding signal of the MS, the sounding signal received in the sounding channel; reporting, at the at least one RS, the RS-MS signaling level measurement value to the BS; and selecting, at the BS, an RS suitable for the MS using the BS-MS signaling level measurement value and at least one RS-MS signaling level measurement value reported from the at least one RS. Accordingly, the BS can select a suitable RS for the MS by taking into account the RS-MS channel status.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for implementing a vertical handoff between a WLAN and a broadband wireless communication network are provided. The vertical handoff apparatus includes a base station (BS) of the broadband wireless network and at least one access point (AP) of the WLAN within the cell coverage area of the BS, and a switch for forwarding packets between the BS and the at least one AP and processing a handoff between the BS and the at least one AP.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel includes: a substrate, a gate line disposed on the substrate, a data line intersecting the gate line, a drain electrode separated from the data line a first insulating layer covering the data line, a color filter disposed on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer disposed on the color filter and having a contact hole exposing the drain electrode and the color filter and a pixel electrode disposed on the second insulating layer and connected to the drain electrode through the contact hole. The contact hole partially exposes the color filter near a portion where the drain electrode and the pixel electrode are connected to each other, and the pixel electrode covers the color filter exposed through the contact hole.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a vertical handoff for a node supporting a WLAN and an IEEE 802.16 communication system are provided. Reception of a handoff request message from the node is monitored, an expected change in the total throughput of the WLAN in the case where the node is connected to the WLAN is calculated and compared with zero, and if the throughput change is equal to or greater than zero, the handoff request of the node is acknowledged and the node is handed off to the WLAN.

Abstract: A frequency resource operating apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving data at a different hopping pattern speed according to a CSI in a BWA communication system are provided. In a method of transmitting and receiving data using CSI in a mobile communication system, a BS sets the CSI of an MS to an initial CSI and sends data to the MS according to the initial CSI. The MS sends a downlink CSI to the BS. The BS groups the MS based on the downlink CSI and sends data to the MS according to a hopping pattern for the group of the MS among hopping patterns preset for predetermined groups.

Abstract: A computer system include an operation performing unit which performs at least one operation, a manipulation information producing unit which senses user's manipulation to produce direction information and motion amount information corresponding to an amount of motion in a direction corresponding to the direction information, a mode selection unit which inputs user's selection about a manipulation mode, and a controller which controls the operation performing unit based on the direction information which is produced by the manipulation information producing unit, or controls the operation performing unit based on the direction information and the motion amount information, according to the user's selection inputted through the mode selection unit.

Abstract: A system includes a stereo image creation device for converting image data created by image detectors into stereo image data, receiving sounds collected by microphones so as to create sound data from the received sounds, creating stereo moving image data containing the stereo image data, the sound data, and synchronization information necessary to synchronize them, and transmitting the stereo moving image data via a communication network and a stereo image output device for receiving the stereo moving image data via the communication network, separating the stereo image data, sound data, and synchronization information from the stereo moving image data, synchronizing the stereo image data with the sound data according to the synchronization information, and outputting the stereo image data and the sound data via output units so that a performance is simulated at a remote place.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing relay service in a broadband wireless access (BWA) communication are provided. The communication method includes dividing an entire frequency band into a plurality of bands to support a plurality of links; determining subcarrier allocation schemes for the divided bands independently from one another; and communicating using the determined subcarrier allocation schemes by the plurality of the links. When the direct link and the relay link are distinguished through the frequency multiplexing in the multihop relay BWA communication system, the present invention enables the independent channel estimation from the relay link by adopting the dedicated pilot based permutation scheme for the relay link.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of providing transparent relay service to a Mobile Station (MS) in a multihop relay Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) communication system. The communication method includes checking, at at least one relay station (RS), a sounding channel allocated to an MS by analyzing a message broadcast from a Base Station (BS); measuring, at the BS, an BS-MS signaling level using a sounding signal of the MS, the sounding signal received in the sounding channel; measuring, at the at least one RS, an RS-MS signaling level using a sounding signal of the MS, the sounding signal received in the sounding channel; reporting, at the at least one RS, the RS-MS signaling level measurement value to the BS; and selecting, at the BS, an RS suitable for the MS using the BS-MS signaling level measurement value and at least one RS-MS signaling level measurement value reported from the at least one RS. Accordingly, the BS can select a suitable RS for the MS by taking into account the RS-MS channel status.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for selecting an RS using an RS preamble signal in a multi-hop relay BWA communication system are provided, in which a BS sends preamble channel allocation information to at least one RS, the at least one RS sends a preamble to an MS according to the preamble channel allocation information, the MS measures the signal strength level of the preamble received from the at least one RS and reports the signal strength level to the BS, and the BS selects an RS for providing a relay service to the MS according to the signal strength level.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for providing location-based advertisement information in a BWA communication system, in which a shop terminal provides advertisement information to a service provider server. The service provider server uses the advertisement information as accounting information and provides path guidance information to a user terminal. A Radio Access Station (“RAS”) broadcasts or selectively sends the advertisement information to the user terminal and sends path guidance approval information received from the user terminal to the service provider server. The user terminal receives the advertisement information from the RAS, sends the path guidance approval information according to user selection, receives the path guidance information from the service provider server, and invokes a path guidance function.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for stabilizing terminal power in antenna ports. A data transmission/reception method is provided for terminal power stabilization in a communication system using multiple antennas. An optimal antenna immune to absorption loss due to human body proximity is selected from among multiple antennas connected to a single port when a data service is provided. Data for the data service is transmitted and received through the selected antenna.

Abstract: A frequency resource operating apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving data at a different hopping pattern speed according to a CSI in a BWA communication system are provided. In a method of transmitting and receiving data using CSI in a mobile communication system, a BS sets the CSI of an MS to an initial CSI and sends data to the MS according to the initial CSI. The MS sends a downlink CSI to the BS. The BS groups the MS based on the downlink CSI and sends data to the MS according to a hopping pattern for the group of the MS among hopping patterns preset for predetermined groups.

Abstract: A ranging apparatus in a communication system is provided. A terminal generates a ranging code for ranging with a base station, maps the ranging code to at least one sub-carrier so the ranging code is repeated in a time domain, generates a ranging signal so the mapped ranging code has a size of one symbol interval, and transmits the generated ranging signal to the base station. The base station receives a ranging signal, extracts a half signal of a valid symbol interval of the ranging signal, generates a valid symbol interval signal by repeating the extracted half signal of the valid symbol interval, restores a ranging signal using the valid symbol interval signal, and performs ranging using the ranging signal.