Abstract: The present invention pertains to a medicament for preventing or treating cough, including, as an active ingredient, a compound having P2X4 receptor antagonistic action, a tautomer, stereoisomer, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound, or a hydrate or solvate thereof.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a medicament for preventing or treating cough, including, as an active ingredient, a compound having P2X4 receptor antagonistic action, a tautomer, stereoisomer, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound, or a hydrate or solvate thereof.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a medicament for preventing or treating cough, including, as an active ingredient, a compound having P2X4 receptor antagonistic action, a tautomer, stereoisomer, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound, or a hydrate or solvate thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which contains cytidine 5?-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) as an active ingredient. The agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic neuropathy of the present invention is effective for neuropathy mainly caused by metabolic disturbance of carbohydrate and is also superior in safety. Neuropathy includes peripheral neuropathy and dysautonomia. CDP-choline is effective even by oral administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of drug-induced neuropathy, which contains cytidine 5?-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) as an active ingredient. The agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of drug-induced neuropathy of the present invention shows a potent ameliorating effect on drug-induced neuropathy and is also superior in safety.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which contains cytidine 5?-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) as an active ingredient. The agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic neuropathy of the present invention is effective for neuropathy mainly caused by metabolic disturbance of carbohydrate and is also superior in safety. Neuropathy includes peripheral neuropathy and dysautonomia. CDP-choline is effective even by oral administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which contains cytidine 5?-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) as an active ingredient. The agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic neuropathy of the present invention is effective for neuropathy mainly caused by metabolic disturbance of carbohydrate and is also superior in safety. Neuropathy includes peripheral neuropathy and dysautonomia. CDP-choline is effective even by oral administration.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agent for improving learning and/or memory, which is useful for therapy of dementia accompanying disorder of memory due to a cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease, endocrine disease, nutritional or metabolic disorder, infectious disease, drug addiction or the like. The agent for improving learning and/or memory according to the present invention comprises as an effective ingredient an isoquinoline derivative having a specific structure, such as (4aR, 12aR)-2-methyl-4a-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,12,12a-octahydro-quinoline[2,3-g]isoquinoline or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: 2,2-Diphenylbutanamide derivatives represented by the following formula (1): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which contains cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) as an active ingredient. The agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic neuropathy of the present invention is effective for neuropathy mainly caused by metabolic disturbance of carbohydrate and is also superior in safety. Neuropathy includes peripheral neuropathy and dysautonomia. CDP-choline is effective even by oral administration.

Abstract: Disclosed is an agent for improving learning and/or memory, which is useful for therapy of dementia accompanying disorder of memory due to a cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease, endocrine disease, nutritional or metabolic disorder, infectious disease, drug addiction or the like. The agent for improving learning and/or memory according to the present invention comprises as an effective ingredient an isoquinoline derivative having a specific structure, such as (4aR, 12aR)-2-methyl-4a-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,12,12a-octahydro-quinoline[2,3-g]isoquinoline or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: An antitussive agent containing an octahydroisoquinoline derivative represented by the following compound or pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof: The compounds of the present invention have the significant antitussive action, and can thus be expected as medicines which can be used for all diseases accompanied with coughs, for example, various respiratory diseases such as cold, acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, silicosis and silicotuberculosis, lung cancer, upper respiratory inflammation (pharyngitis, laryngitis, nasal catarrhalis), asthmatic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, infantile asthma, (chronic) pulmonary emphysema, pneumoconiosis, pulmonary fibrosis, silicosis, pulmonary suppuration, pleurisy, tonsillitis, tussive urticaria, pertussis, etc. and coughs caused in bronchography or bronchoscopy, etc.

Abstract: This invention provides an antipruritc comprising an opiate &kgr; receptor agonist as an effective component, a new morphinan quaternary ammonium salt derivative and a new morphinan-N-oxide derivative which are useful in treating pruritus complicated with some diseases.

Abstract: This invention provides an antipruritic comprising an opiate &kgr; receptor agonist as an effective component, a new morphinan quaternary ammonium salt derivative and a new morphinan-N-oxide derivative which are useful in treating pruritus complicated with some diseases.

Abstract: An antitussive having high activity, which is free from side effects such as psychotomimetic, which may also be administered orally is disclosed. The antitussive according to the present invention comprises as an effective ingredient a .delta.-opioid antagonist or a pharamaceutically acceptable salt thereof.