Abstract: A process for the epoxidation of propene involves reacting propene with hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of a methanol solvent and a shaped titanium zeolite epoxidation catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. The process then involves recovering methanol from the reaction mixture, treatment of the recovered methanol by passing it through a bed of an acidic ion exchange resin, and recycling the treated methanol to the epoxidation reaction; as well as regeneration of the acidic ion exchange resin. Catalyst breakage can be reduced or avoided by washing the regenerated bed of an acidic ion exchange resin with methanol until the methanol exiting the resin bed has an apparent pH higher than 1.8, before methanol treated with the acidic ion exchange resin is recycled to the epoxidation reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lubricant distributor (1), in particular for use in central lubricating systems for machines, vehicles, construction machines, or agricultural machines, for conveying and distributing lubricant from a lubricant source to predetermined lubricant discharge points by means of one or more lines,comprising a main distributor (2). The lubricant distributor is characterized in that the lubricant distributor comprises at least one line-break monitor (3) for detecting a pressure drop in at least one line, and in that the at least one line-break monitor (3) is structurally arranged in or on the main distributor (2) in order to create a rigid unit comprising the main distributor (2) and the line-break monitor (3).

Abstract: An automatic lubrication apparatus is designed and intended to be mounted on a hydraulic tool and can be driven by a hydraulic-pressure medium, in particular on a hydraulic hammer, and includes a lubricant pump incorporating a pump element. The pump element of the lubricant pump is cyclically impacted by a cam, and the cam is operatively connected to a hydromotor from which torque is transferred so as to produce synchronous rotation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lubricant distributor (1), in particular for use in central lubricating systems for machines, vehicles, construction machines, or agricultural machines, for conveying and distributing lubricant from a lubricant source to predetermined lubricant discharge points by means of one or more lines,comprising a main distributor (2). The lubricant distributor is characterized in that the lubricant distributor comprises at least one line-break monitor (3) for detecting a pressure drop in at least one line, and in that the at least one line-break monitor (3) is structurally arranged in or on the main distributor (2) in order to create a rigid unit comprising the main distributor (2) and the line-break monitor (3).

Abstract: An automatic lubrication apparatus is designed and intended to be mounted on a hydraulic tool and can be driven by a hydraulic-pressure medium, in particular on a hydraulic hammer, and includes a lubricant pump (12) incorporating a pump element. The pump element of the lubricant pump is cyclically impacted by a cam, and the cam is operatively connected to a hydromotor from which torque is transferred so as to produce synchronous rotation.

Abstract: An automatic lubrication apparatus is designed and intended to be mounted on a hydraulic tool and can be driven by a hydraulic-pressure medium, in particular on a hydraulic hammer, and includes a lubricant pump incorporation a pump element. The pump element of the lubricant pump is cyclically impacted by a cam, and the cam is operatively connected to a hydromotor from which torque is transferred so as to produce synchronous rotation.

Abstract: A device for performing polarization mode dispersion (PMD) measurements of an optical fiber is disclosed. The PMD measurement device employs a fixed analyzer method, and includes a tunable Fabry-Perot inferometer as the wavelength-selective element and an optical bandpass filter for spectrum calibration. A novel scanning algorithm, which performs multiple scans at different velocities, enables accurate PMD measurements, even of moving optical cable. The tunable Fabry-Perot interferometer is able to scan over a wide wavelength range and yet have a narrow linewidth, such that a wide range of PMD values can be measured.

Abstract: A device for performing polarization mode dispersion (PMD) measurements of an optical fiber is disclosed. The PMD measurement device employs a fixed analyzer method, and includes a tunable Fabry-Perot inferometer as the wavelength-selective element and an optical bandpass filter for spectrum calibration. A novel scanning algorithm, which performs multiple scans at different velocities, enables accurate PMD measurements, even of moving optical cable. The tunable Fabry-Perot interferometer is able to scan over a wide wavelength range and yet have a narrow linewidth, such that a wide range of PMD values can be measured.

Abstract: An optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) operates in a gated mode, enabling a predetermined width of an optical fiber to be analyzed. The OTDR may test only a desired position on the fiber. Data obtained along different lengths of the fiber may be combined together, providing a thorough representation of the fiber characteristics. Alternatively, specific regions of the fiber may be analyzed. The OTDR measures the backscattered signal using photon-counting techniques, and improves the accuracy of such algorithms by attenuating the incoming backscattering signals automatically and independently at each position in the fiber being tested. The OTDR simultaneously achieves a high dynamic range and a high temporal/spatial resolution, an improvement over conventional OTDRs.

Abstract: An optical signal measurement system provides a tunable optical filter. An unknown optical signal is scanned through the tunable optical filter. The wavelength and chromatic dispersion values of the unknown optical signal scanned through the tunable optical filter are measured by operating the tunable optical filter in a scanning mode for at least one of OSA and PMD measurements, and in a stepping mode for CD measurements. The wavelength and the dispersion values in the unknown optical signal are specified.

Abstract: An optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) operates in a gated mode, enabling a predetermined width of an optical fiber to be analyzed. The OTDR may test only a desired position on the fiber. Data obtained along different lengths of the fiber may be combined together, providing a thorough representation of the fiber characteristics. Alternatively, specific regions of the fiber may be analyzed. The OTDR measures the backscattered signal using photon-counting techniques, and improves the accuracy of such algorithms by attenuating the incoming backscattering signals automatically and independently at each position in the fiber being tested. The OTDR simultaneously achieves a high dynamic range and a high temporal/spatial resolution, an improvement over conventional OTDRs.

Abstract: An automatic lubrication apparatus is designed and intended to be mounted on a hydraulic tool and can be driven by a hydraulic-pressure medium, in particular on a hydraulic hammer, and includes a lubricant pump (12) incorporating a pump element. The pump element of the lubricant pump is cyclically impacted by a cam, and the cam is operatively connected to a hydromotor from which torque is transferred so as to produce synchronous rotation.

Abstract: An optical signal measurement system provides a tunable optical filter. An unknown optical signal is scanned through the tunable optical filter. The wavelength and chromatic dispersion values of the unknown optical signal scanned through the tunable optical filter are measured by operating the tunable optical filter in a scanning mode for at least one of OSA and PMD measurements, and in a stepping mode for CD measurements. The wavelength and the dispersion values in the unknown optical signal are specified.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring chromatic dispersion in optical fibers. The instrument comprises two independent modules, an optical source (2?) and a receiver (4?). The optical source (2?) comprises two pulse producing circuits: one driving a laser (35), which will be used as a timing reference, and the second driving a light emitting diode (LED)(34), emitting a short light pulse with a broad spectrum. The receiver (4?) comprises a wavelength-selection element (46), which filters one or several wavelengths out of the LED spectrum, a photodetector (43) for detection of the laser pulse, a photon-counting detector (41) for detection of the filtered LED pulses, and a high-resolution timing circuit (42) for measuring the time delay between the laser pulse and the LED pulse. A preferred embodiment includes the wavelength-selection element (46) which is a series of Bragg gratings, thus selecting several fixed wavelengths.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion and spectral attenuation comprising a chromatic dispersion analyzer based on the photon-counting time-of-flight technique, a fixed analyzer (polarizer) for PMD measurement, an optical switch placed in front of the photon-counting detector to change the measurement mode between chromatic dispersion, PMD, and spectral attenuation testing, respectively. The object of the invention is to provide an optical spectrum analyzer which uses most of the components already present in a time-of-flight based chromatic dispersion analyzer for optical fibers. Integrating select components to this chromatic dispersion analyzer then highly increases the measurement capabilities of this instrument.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion and spectral attenuation comprising a chromatic dispersion analyzer based on the photon-counting time-of-flight technique, a fixed analyzer (polarizer) for PMD measurement, an optical switch placed in front of the photon-counting detector to change the measurement mode between chromatic dispersion, PMD, and spectral attenuation testing, respectively. The object of the invention is to provide an optical spectrum analyzer which uses most of the components already present in a time-of-flight based chromatic dispersion analyzer for optical fibers. Integrating select components to this chromatic dispersion analyzer then highly increases the measurement capabilities of this instrument.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring chromatic dispersion in optical fibers. The instrument comprises two independent modules, an optical source (2′) and a receiver (4′). The optical source (2′) comprises two pulse producing circuits: one driving a laser (35), which will be used as a timing reference, and the second driving a light emitting diode (LED) (34), emitting a short light pulse with a broad spectrum. The receiver (4′) comprises a wavelength-selection element (46), which filters one or several wavelengths out of the LED spectrum, a photodetector (43) for detection of the laser pulse, a photon-counting detector (41) for detection of the filtered LED pulses, and a high-resolution timing circuit (42) for measuring the time delay between the laser pulse and the LED pulse. A preferred embodiment includes the wavelength-selection element (46) which is a series of Bragg gratings, thus selecting several fixed wavelengths.

Abstract: A device for or in a garbage truck, particularly a vehicle for receiving and transporting so-called biological or organic garbage, includes tilting arrangements at the end of the vehicle for tilting a can containing garbage upwardly for emptying the can and for tilting the can backwardly into its initial position after the can has been emptied. The garbage dropped into the hold of the vehicle and the emptied can are sprayed with a disinfecting agent for treating the garbage and cleaning the can. The spraying device includes a spray nozzle which is movable between a first spray position for spraying in the direction of the garbage in the hold of the garbage truck and a second spray position for spraying in a second spray direction in which the spray jet is directed into the interior of the can which is in its upwardly tilted position.