Abstract: The present invention provides a process and an apparatus for the production of compressed hydrogen gas from an input stream comprising gaseous methane. The apparatus comprises a solid oxide fuel (1) cell and an electro-chemical device (2) capable of extracting gaseous hydrogen and compressing it. The solid oxide fuel cell is capable of reforming the input stream comprising gaseous methane (6) to produce a product mixture comprising hydrogen. At least a portion of the product mixture comprising hydrogen is supplied (10) to the electrochemical device to produce a compressed hydrogen stream (11). At least a portion of the product mixture comprising hydrogen is consumed by the solid oxide fuel cell to produce direct current electricity to at least partially power the electrochemical device, and optionally an electrolysis apparatus (12), for additional hydrogen production.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for dispensing gaseous hydrogen at a refueling station comprising before dispensing dividing an initial hydrogen stream into at least two streams, wherein at least one of the streams is purified in a hydrogen purification step. In a further aspect the invention provides a system for dispensing gaseous hydrogen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for dispensing gaseous hydrogen at a refuelling station comprising before dispensing dividing an initial hydrogen stream into at least two streams, wherein at least one of the streams is purified in a hydrogen purification step. In a further aspect the invention provides a system for dispensing gaseous hydrogen.

Abstract: A gasoline composition is provided comprising: (i) base gasoline; and (ii) a composition comprising component A and at least one component selected from component B, C, D and E wherein the concentration of the components in the composition is calculated using the equation: ?n=1n=3vfnE70?E70base=E100base??n=1n=3vfnE100n wherein: n=1 is component B, n=2 is component A, n=3 is any one of components C, D or E, vfn is the volume fraction of the component n=1, 2 or 3 in the composition comprising component A and at least one component selected from components B, C, D and E, E70n is the blending E70 value of the component represented by n, E100n is the blending E100 value of the component represented by n, E70base is in the range of from 10 to 55% vol., and E100base is in the range of from 35 to 75% vol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for decreasing the vapour pressure of a gasoline composition comprising admixing with a gasoline base fuel, from 0.5 to 30 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of ethyl valerate. The present invention further provides a gasoline composition comprising a gasoline base fuel, from 0.5 to 30 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of ethyl valerate, and from 0.1 to 10 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of a C3-4 hydrocarbon component, and a method for controlling the vapour pressure of a gasoline composition comprising admixing with a gasoline base fuel, from 0.5 to 30 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of ethyl valerate, and from 0.1 to 10 vol. %, based on the overall gasoline composition, of a C3-4 hydrocarbon component.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid fuel composition comprising a major portion of a base fuel suitable for use in an internal combustion engine and from 0.5 to 25 vol %, based on the liquid fuel composition, of a C1-C5 hydrocarbyl valerate ester composition.

Abstract: A certain viscosity index (VI) improving additive may be used to increase the viscosity of an autoamotive fuel composition, by an amount greater than that which theory would have predicted to occur to improve the acceleration performance of an internal combustion engine into which the fuel composition is introduced. The fuel composition is suitably a diesel fuel composition, and the additive suitably comprises a block copolymer which contains one or more monomer blocks selected from ethylene, propylene, butylene, butadiene, isoprene and styrene monomers. The additive is preferably used in the composition at a concentration of 0.5 % w/w or lower.

Abstract: A method of operating a turbo charged diesel engine is provided where a viscosity increasing component in a diesel fuel composition is used, to improve the acceleration performance, at low engine speeds (for example up to 2200 rpm). This method may be used for reducing the engine speed at which the turbo charger reaches its maximum speed when accelerating at low engine speeds, or reducing the time taken for the turbo charger to reach its maximum speed. It may mitigate a deterioration in the acceleration performance of the engine due to another cause. The VK 40 of the resultant fuel composition is suitably 2.8 mm2/s (centistokes) or greater. The viscosity increasing component may in particular be a Fischer-Tropsch derived fuel component, an oil or a fatty acid alkyl ester. A density increasing component may be used in the fuel composition together with the viscosity increasing component.