Abstract: A compressed air starting device includes a starter with a starter motor operated at least indirectly from a pneumatic pressure reservoir and a meshing unit controlled by a signal input. A main valve is provided in the supply line between the pressure reservoir and the starter motor and a signal connection is provided between the meshing unit and the main valve. The compressed air starting device includes a control device with a sensor input for the pressure level in the pressure reservoir, a signal output connected to the signal input of the starter, a signal input for introducing the starter signal as well as an input for supplying the auxiliary energy required for generating signals. The auxiliary energy may be compressed air taken from the pressure reservoir. Electrical, mechanical or hydraulic energy can also be used as the auxiliary energy.

Abstract: A geared compression air starter having a lead rotor, a driven rotor and a hollow shaft. A driven trunnion of the driven rotor engages with external teeth thereof into external teeth of the hollow shaft to connect the driven rotor with the hollow shaft. A freewheeling unit couples the hollow shaft with an axially displaceable engagement shaft so that the central axes of the engagement and of the hollow shaft can be positioned coaxially with respect to a central axis of the lead rotor. An engagement cylinder is connected with the engagement shaft by means of a piston rod which extends through the lead rotor, and the engagement cylinder is integrated into an end cover of the starter housing.

Abstract: A piston machine, particularly a hydraulically-actuated piston machine, comprises at least one cylinder having an axis, a piston axially slidable in the cylinder and having a piston bottom with an inner surface, a piston rod turnably connected with the piston and having a piston rod shaft, a turning member mounted on the piston rod and having a side which is opposite to the piston rod shaft and has a convex circular surface, a pressing member having a shell surface which is in sliding contact with the circular surface of the turning member, the pressing member having a side which is opposite to the turning member and is provided with a convex circular surface abutting against the inner surface of the piston bottom, the circular surface of the pressing member and one of the circular surfaces of the turning member and the shell surface of the pressing member having central axes with central axes projections along their common orthogonals forming an angle of approximately 90.degree..

Abstract: Method and apparatus for eliminating image defects in polychromatic printing which arise due to lack of registration in the superimposed printing of individual color separations with different colored inks wherein from the four color separation signals M, C, Y and K the color separation signal which defines the contour is determined in the area of the contour. This color separation signal which corresponds to the color of the selected signal is replaced in the lighter or, respectively, darker area by the selected color separation signal and the color separation signals of the darker or, respectively, lighter areas which are adjacent to the lighter or, respectively, darker areas are retained unaltered so that the white streaks and imperfections of the prior art are eliminated.

Abstract: In a method for copying retouch in color picture reproduction, color values are initially acquired by image-point-by-image-point trichromatic color picture scanning and digitization. The color values are deposited in a storage medium and are addressable by image point coordinates. With the coordinate pen of a coordinate acquisition means, the retoucher first marks a read point within a first image region from which a pattern is to be taken and a write point within a second image region into which the pattern is to be copied with image point precision. A distance between the read and write points is determined from the acquired image point coordinates and is fixed. The retoucher then acquires all image point coordinates within the first image region with the assistance of a coordinate pen.

Abstract: A method for smoothing retouch in electronic color image reproduction employs a coordinate pen used by the retoucher as a retouch brush, to identify image point coordinates within an image point area. The color values associated with the image point coordinates are changed as a function of the color values of the nearby image point coordinates. The size of the areas which have their color values changed is operator-selectable. The color values of the areas which are changed can be matched to the marginal values of the area, or may be replaced by a mean value of the color values within the area. By this means image contours may be flattened, and the effective noise in the image surfaces may be minimized.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving the delineation in color image reproduction by means of a partial, electronic retouch. The color values of the individual color separations gained by means of image point-wise, trichromatic color image scanning and digitization are deposited in a storage medium (1). In order to improve the delineation, the color values of a color separation are altered image point-wise by means of selectable quotas of the image point-wise allocated color values of at least one other color separation. The quotas of the color values respectively represent the smallest amount of change for the color values of the color separation to be partially retouched. A retouch factor is determined for each color value of an image point to be retouched which is marked by the retoucher by means of the coordinate pen (51) of a coordinate identifier device (50; 51; 52), said retouch factor specifying the degree of retouch as a plurality of the change amounts to be added per image point.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for partial electronic retouch in color image reproduction. The color values of the individual color components gained by means of image point-wise, trichromatic color image scanning and digitization are deposited in a storage medium (1). The image point coordinates of the color values to be retouched in a correction area (brush surface) displaceable across the color image and the plurality of correction steps per image point are simultaneously determined with the coordinate pen (51) of a coordinate identification device (50; 51; 52) which is employed by the retoucher like a retouch brush. Image point-wise allocated correction values are calculated for the marked correction area. The color values of the color image or of a color separation are read out of the storage medium (1) and are changed by the correction values under visual control on a monitor (2) in accord with the desired retouch effect.

Abstract: The hydrostatic actuator in a constant displacement type radial piston pump or engine includes two telescopically arranged component parts separating a high pressure side from a low pressure side for a working medium, and defining a variable pressure space therebetween. The pressure space communicates with the high pressure side via a flow restrictor and with the low pressure side via a pressure limiting valve. The telescopically arranged components parts act as piston-like members and adjust the gaps between the outer end faces of the component parts and their control surfaces of the actuator in response to the pressure in the pressure space.

Abstract: A radial or axial piston type hydraulic motor has a plurality of cylinders connected by pressure conduits to a pressure fluid distributor. A check valve spring-biased in closing direction is built in at least one pressure conduit and has a first surface portion acted upon by pressure from the cylinder, a second surface portion which is exposable to pressure fluid from the distributor to act on the check valve either in opening direction or in closing direction and a third surface portion exposed to a control pressure in opening direction. The second surface portion being at least as large as the first surface portion and larger than the third surface portion, and the combined area of the first and second surface portions exceeding the surface area of the second surface portion.

Abstract: A fluid-displacement radial piston machine, such as a hydraulic pump or motor, includes an eccentric member which is mounted on a shaft for displacement radially thereof to thereby change the eccentricity of a contact surface of the eccentric member which is engaged by sliding shoes of a plurality of working pistons. An arrangement for displacing the eccentric member includes a piston component which is connected to the eccentric member by two displacing portions and whose piston portion subdivides a compartment of the shaft into two actuating chambers into which pressurized fluid is selectively admitted through respective passages in the shaft and through a rotary transmission interposed between a source of the pressurized fluid and the shaft. One check valve is interposed in each of the passages and interrupts the communication of the respective actuating chamber with the rotary transmission when no pressurized fluid is admitted into any of the passages.

Abstract: Control arrangement for a reversible hydrostatic axial or radial piston machine comprises a fluid guiding outer annular space surrounding a control body consisting of an eccentric disk connected to the shaft of the machine for rotation therewith and an inner control ring which is freely turnable on the periphery of the disk, as well as an outer control ring telescopingly and sealingly guided on the inner control ring, in which the rings are hydraulically and by spring pressed apart in axial direction, with one of the control rings engaging with an end face thereof a planar control face of the machine and the other of the control rings engages with an end face thereof a planar support face, which is axially spaced from and parallel to the planar control face, and wherein the eccentric disk has a hub surrounding the shaft and having an end face which, supported by the force of a spring, is hydraulically pressed against the control face, whereby the disk with the end face on its hub and one of the control rings