Abstract: The invention relates to a security marking whose level of proof against forgery is greater than that of known security markings, comprising liquid-crystalline material with chiral phase, wherein the security marking is imperceptible to the eye and the properties of the liquid-crystalline material with chiral phase can be detected with the aid of detection systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a security marking whose level of proof against forgery is greater than that of known security markings, comprising liquid-crystalline material with chiral phase, wherein the security marking is imperceptible to the eye and the properties of the liquid-crystalline material with chiral phase can be detected with the aid of detection systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a security marking whose level of proof against forgery is increased relative to known security markings, comprising liquid-crystalline material with chiral phase, wherein present within the security marking are at least two liquid-crystalline materials with chiral phase which differ in at least one property selected from the group consisting of handedness, color and color flop and which are arranged in the form of a structured or unstructured marking or a multilayer marking or in the form of liquid-crystalline pigments in a liquid-crystalline matrix, or wherein there is at least one liquid-crystalline material with chiral phase whose reflection band has been broadened by means of special techniques, or wherein there is at least one liquid-crystalline material with chiral phase which has a defined three-dimensional arrangement.

Abstract: A mixture of crosslinkable liquid-crystalline substances having a chiral phase (LC mixture), containing polymerizable groups, where at least 90% of the polymerizable groups are part of molecules containing at least two polymerizable groups (crosslinker molecules), wherein from 3.2 to 15 mmol of polymerizable groups are present per g of LC mixture. The crosslinked pigments show little color shift in the presence of solvents or upon application to substrate different temperatures.

Abstract: Crosslinkable LC organosiloxanes exhibiting excellent UV stability, contain units of the general formula 1 [RbMescSiO(4−b−c)/2]  (1) in which R are C1-C4-alkyl radicals, Mes is at least one group of the general formula 2 and, if desired, of the general formula 3, b has the value 0, 1 or 2, and c has the value 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that the sum of the values of b and c is a maximum of 4, where the Mes groups of the general formulae 2 and 3 exhibit the following structure: —(CH2)p—(O)q—A—[B—A]r—E—F—VN  (2) —(CH2)m—(O)n—(A)t—Q—X  (3) in which A, B, Q, X, E, F, VN, m, p, n, q, t and r have the meanings given in claim 1, with the proviso that the LC organosiloxanes do not constitute a phenyl ester derivative of an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic carboxylic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures containing pigments which comprise oriented three-dimensionally crosslinked substances having a liquid-crystalline structure with a chiral phase, and to the use of such mixtures. Pigment and matrix are matched to one another in such a way that on application of the mixture at different temperatures to a substrate, the lowest application temperature and highest application temperature differing by at least 10° C. and by not more than 150° C., there are no visually perceptible color differences of the pigmented paint on the substrate after drying.

Abstract: A device and a method for the recording, presentation and automatic classification of biomechanical load variables measured on a freely moving test person during a work shift. The invention consists of a series of electronic sensors and a series of measuring and storage electronics for recording the movement of a person at a work site. The measuring and storage electronics include at least two sensors and at least one gyroscope. The method for recording a person at a work site includes measuring a set of body angles over a period of time, and measuring the ground reaction force in the region of the sole of a test person's foot. The next steps involve determining the threshold values for the identification of postures, and comparing of the threshold values determined with the measured body angles to identify motion patterns. Next, the expected total ground reaction force is calculated and then subtracted from the measured total ground reaction force measured to determine externally exerted forces.

Abstract: Organosiloxanes having low transition temperatures comprise at least one group of the general formula 1--(CH.sub.2).sub.p --(O).sub.q --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --Z--(COO).sub.s --[A--M].sub.t --E--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.a --VN (1)and, if desired, a group of the general formula 2--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --(O).sub.n --(A).sub.t --Q--X (2)whereVN is a group --COO--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --COO--C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH.sub.2, --(CH.sub.2).sub.u --OCH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or an oxiranyl group and X, Z, A, M, Q, E, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, u, v and a are as defined herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of liquid-crystalline elastomers or thermoset materials having a fixed, anisotropic network structure, characterized in that liquid-crystalline elastomers containing reactive radicals having unreacted functional groups are aligned in a first step by the action of a mechanical stress, and this alignment is fixed in a subsequent second step by linking at least some of the reactive radicals to polymer chains, and to liquid-crystalline elastomers or thermoset materials having a fixed, anisotropic network structure prepared by these processes.

Abstract: A pressure regulator has at least one solenoid valve operated by electrical signals connected to a container the actual pressure of which is indicated by a pressure electric transducer. A comparator generates a regulation signal which is the difference between the actual pressure and a command pressure signal. A regulator is connected to the comparator for generating a control signal to the solenoid valve in such a manner that the valve member of the solenoid valve is adjustable in a stable manner between intermediate positions within a range between the open and closed positions of the valve such that throttled pressure media continuously flows through the valve. The valve adjustment signal can be a continuously variable direct voltage which is proportional to the output signal of the regulator and may be a rectangular or saw-toothed voltage with a frequency exceeding the maximum actuating frequency of the solenoid valve.