Abstract: Disclosed is a reactor for gasifying coal including a vortex burner. Helical ribs are arranged in the inner combustion gas supplying conduit of the burner to impart a spiral trajectory to the gas and also the coal-water suspension which suspension is supplied in the annular space between the inner conduit and an outer concentric conduit. Means may be provided for adjustably supporting the ribs inside the inner conduit. In addition, other rib supporting arrangements and also burner structure for supplying the coal-water slurry centrally are disclosed.

Abstract: In a coal-gasification reactor installation, carbon dioxide gas is added into a liquid coal suspension in the form of fine bubbles of gas to improve the flowability and dispersion of the liquid coal suspension. In a preferred embodiment, carbon dioxide is separated from the gaseous reactor products, dissolved in an ammonium solution, reacted to form solid ammonium carbonate salt; the solid chemical salt is added to the liquid coal suspension where it is made to decompose and generate carbon dioxide gas.

Abstract: In coal-gasification apparatus, slag particles received in free-fall by a water bath at the bottom of the reactor, or of a waste heat boiler associated therewith, are wetted with oil, or another additive agent. As a result they become bonded together. This prevents floating and facilitates sinking of the slag for removal from below the water bath. An annular duct having nozzles at different angles is used to spray the slag particles with oil near the surface of the water bath. The nozzles create a turbulence at the surface, thereby increasing the effect on the slag particles. A lock hopper fluidly communicates with the water bath right below, and collects the slag particles. The removed slag is classified before being used or recycled by feedback into the reactor together with coal dust, water and oxygen as components for the reactive process.

Abstract: In a continuous coal-gasification process, slag particles received in free-fall by a water bath at the bottom of the reactor, or of a waste heat boiler associated therewith, are wetted with oil, or another additive agent. As a result they become bonded together. This prevents floating and facilitates sinking of the slag for removal from below the water bath. An annular duct having nozzles at different angles is used to spray the slag particles with oil near the surface of the water bath. The nozzles create a turbulence at the surface, thereby increasing the effect on the slag particles. A lock hopper fluidly communicates with the water bath right below, and collects the slag particles. The removed slag is classified before being used or recycled by feedback into the reactor together with coal dust, water and oxygen as components for the reactive process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reactor for gasifying coal including a vortex burner. Helical ribs are arranged in the inner combustion gas supplying conduit of the burner to impart a spiral trajectory to the gas and also the coal-water suspension which suspension is supplied in the annular space between the inner conduit and an outer concentric conduit. Means are provided for adjustably supporting the ribs inside the inner conduit. In addition, other rib supporting arrangements and also burner structure for supplying the coal-water slurry centrally are disclosed.