Abstract: A reversing hydromechanical transmission designed for transmitting power from the engine to the power consumer, i.e. the driven mechanism, of road building machines. The transmission comprises a reversing gear with at least two controlled clutches, a gearbox and a hydrodynamic drive, said units being kinematically interconnected. The input shaft of the reversing gear is connected to the engine shaft. At least one output shaft of the reversing gear is connected through the gearbox to at least one shaft of the hydrodynamic drive. The shaft of the turbine incorporated in the hydrodynamic drive is connected to the power consumer. The transmission constituting the present invention provides for smooth reversal of the power consumer, reduced energy expenditure in the traction and reverse modes of operation, efficient operation as a hydraulic retarder, and limiting the output torque in order to prevent slippage of the power consumer and to reduce dynamic loads.