Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of protecting ribonucleic acid (RNA) from degradation under certain conditions by contacting the RNA with an amino acid. The present disclosure also provides compositions comprising such amino acid(s) and RNA.

Abstract: A fluid dispensing apparatus for irrigating a body cavity includes a fluid container assembly, a cap member, and a tip member. The fluid container assembly defines a longitudinal axis and includes a fluid container and an inlet assembly fixedly secured to the fluid container. The cap member is selectively rotatably attached to the inlet assembly. The tip member is selectively attachable to the cap member in response to rotation of the tip member about the longitudinal axis of the fluid container assembly.

Abstract: A network system receives a transport request from a user device for a route from a first location to a destination, the route including at least a first leg to an intermediate location using a first type of transportation and a second leg from the intermediate location to the destination using a second type of transportation. The network system receives transit data associated with the first type of transportation, and determines, based on a location of the user device and the transit data, that a user of the user device is following the route. The network system schedules, at a time determined based on the location of the user device, a provider to transport the user along the second leg of the route.