Abstract: A beamforming system and method is disclosed comprising a hybrid multi-measurement unit or process that can encode or embed broadband signals in a low dimensional encoding subspace such as a Slepian subspace. The direction-of-arrival of the plane wave signals, encoded with the low dimensional embedding, can be used to provide a spatially sampled signal to a front-end mixed-signal circuitries substantially reduced hardware for beamforming systems. The beamforming array has a finite array aperture to which a temporal snapshot of the signal can be acquired and then processed as a set of samples from a time-limited bandlimited sequence.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method of controlling a power amplifier (PA). The PA can comprise a main PA path and an auxiliary PA path. The auxiliary PA path can have a plurality of turn-on settings. The method can comprise: determining a power back off gain and a lower bound gain for the PA; and performing an iterative auxiliary PA turn-on setting selection process. The selection process can comprise: determining an instantaneous power input to the PA; based on the instantaneous power input, choosing a turn-on setting in the plurality of turn-on settings of the auxiliary PA path that causes an instantaneous gain of the PA to be between the power back off gain and the lower bound gain; and applying the chosen turn-on setting to the auxiliary PA path.

Abstract: A sensor may measure light reflecting from a multi-layered object at different times. A digital time-domain signal may encode the measurements. Peaks in the signal may be identified. Each identified peak may correspond to a layer in the object. For each identified peak, a short time window may be selected, such that the time window includes a time at which the identified peak occurs. A discrete Fourier transform of that window of the signal may be computed. A frequency frame may be computed for each frequency in a set of frequencies in the transform. Kurtosis for each frequency frame may be computed. A set of high kurtosis frequency frames may be averaged, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, to produce a frequency image. Text characters that are printed on a layer of the object may be recognized in the frequency image, even though the layer is occluded.

Abstract: A sensor may measure light reflecting from a multi-layered object at different times. A digital time-domain signal may encode the measurements. Peaks in the signal may be identified. Each identified peak may correspond to a layer in the object. For each identified peak, a short time window may be selected, such that the time window includes a time at which the identified peak occurs. A discrete Fourier transform of that window of the signal may be computed. A frequency frame may be computed for each frequency in a set of frequencies in the transform. Kurtosis for each frequency frame may be computed. A set of high kurtosis frequency frames may be averaged, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, to produce a frequency image. Text characters that are printed on a layer of the object may be recognized in the frequency image, even though the layer is occluded.

Abstract: Methods and systems for document image decoding incorporating a Stack algorithm improve document image decoding. The application of the Stack algorithm is iterated to improve decoding. A provisional weight is determined for a partial path to reduce template matching. In addition, semantically equivalent hypotheses are identified to reduce redundant hypotheses.