Abstract: The present invention provides an optical head with a single or multiple sub-wavelength light beams, which can be used in arenas such as photolithography, optical storage, optical microscopy, to name a few. The present invention includes a transparent substrate, a thin film, and a surface structure with sub-wavelength surface profile. The incident light transmits through the transparent substrate, forms a surface plasma wave along the sub-wavelength aperture located within the thin film, and finally re-emits through spatial coupling with the sub-wavelength profile of the surface structure. As the coupled re-emitting light beam or light beams can maintain the waist less than that of the diffraction limit for a few micrometers out of the surface with sub-wavelength profile in many cases, this invention can have applications ranging from micro or nano manufacturing, metrology, and manipulation by using light beams with waist smaller than the diffraction limit.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical head with a single or multiple sub-wavelength light beams, which can be used in arenas such as photolithography, optical storage, optical microscopy, to name a few. The present invention includes a transparent substrate, a thin film, and a surface structure with sub-wavelength surface profile. The incident light transmits through the transparent substrate, forms a surface plasma wave along the sub-wavelength aperture located within the thin film, and finally re-emits through spatial coupling with the sub-wavelength profile of the surface structure. As the coupled re-emitting light beam or light beams can maintain the waist less than that of the diffraction limit for a few micrometers out of the surface with sub-wavelength profile in many cases, this invention can have applications ranging from micro or nano manufacturing, metrology, and manipulation by using light beams with waist smaller than the diffraction limit.

Abstract: A phase change memory with adjustable resistance ratio is disclosed, which includes a phase change layer and an interfacial layer formed to be in contact with each other, and at least two electrodes in contact with the phase change layer and the interfacial layer respectively. The contact sections between the two electrodes and the phase change layer and the interfacial layer define a contact area respectively, wherein, the area defined by the contact section between the electrode and the phase change layer is larger than the area defined by the contact section between the electrode and the interfacial layer.

Abstract: A solar cell substrate with thin film polysilicon. The solar cell substrate includes a substrate; a transparent conductive layer, formed on the substrate; a thermal isolation layer having inlaid conductive layers, formed on the transparent conductive layer; and a polysilicon layer, formed on the thermal isolation layer.

Abstract: A solar cell substrate with thin film polysilicon. The solar cell substrate includes a substrate; a transparent conductive layer, formed on the substrate; a thermal isolation layer having inlaid conductive layers, formed on the transparent conductive layer; and a polysilicon layer, formed on the thermal isolation layer.

Abstract: A thin, high-fidelity piezoelectric loudspeaker is disclosed which comprises: (a) first and second metal discs that are spaced apart; (b) at least one damping disc sandwiched between the first and second metal discs; (c) first piezoelectric disc affixed to the first metal disc on the opposite side of the damping disc; and (d) second piezoelectric disc affixed to the second metal disc on the opposite of the damping disc. The metal discs and the piezoelectric discs are electrically connected, respectively, via varnished wires. These improved piezoelectric loudspeakers can be most advantageously used in portable electronic devices such as notebook personal computers, electronic dictionaries, personal digital assistants, electronic Rolodexes.RTM., etc, where space, especially thickness, is often at a premium and high-fidelity, miniature-sized speakers are highly desired.