Abstract: The present invention identities biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury and/or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

Abstract: The present invention identifies biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury and/or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exemplary in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device used to detect the presence of and/or severity of neural injuries or neuronal disorders in a subject. The IVD device relies on an immunoassay which identifies biomarkers that are diagnostic of neural injury and/or neuronal disorders in a biological sample, such as whole blood, plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The inventive IVD device may measure one or more of several neural specific markers in a biological sample and output the results to a machine readable format wither to a display device or to a storage device internal or external to the IVD.

Abstract: Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) decreased in tissue and increased in biological fluids after neural injury from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Significant decreases of CRMP1, CRMP2, CRMP4 and CRMP5 were accompanied by the appearance of distinct 58 kDa (CRMP-2) or 55 kDa (CRMP-4) breakdown products from proteolytic cleavage by calpain. Synaptotagmin breakdown products were also associated with TBI and could be detected along with intact protein in human cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). Both biomarkers were detected in human biofluid and related to recovery from traumatic brain injury.

Abstract: The present invention identifies biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury and/or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

Abstract: The present invention identifies biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury, organ injury, and/or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

Abstract: Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) decreased in tissue and increased in biological samples after neural injury from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Significant decreases of CRMP1, CRMP2, CRMP4 and CRMP5 were accompanied by the appearance of distinct 58 kDa (CRMP-2) or 55 kDa (CRMP-4) breakdown products from proteolytic cleavage by calpain. Synaptotagmin breakdown products were also associated with TBI and could be detected along with intact protein in human cerebral spinal fluid (biological samples). Both biomarkers were detected in human biofluid and related to recovery from traumatic brain injury.

Abstract: Novel, sensitive and specific markers for diagnostics and monitoring of liver injuries, including, but not limited to ischemic liver damage, are provided. This includes identification of several enzymes of arginine/urea/nitric oxide cycle, sulfuration enzymes and spectrin breakdown related products, among others.

Abstract: The present invention identities biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury and/or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

Abstract: A diagnostic tool and method of diagnosing brain injury and brain injury type (traumatic vs. ischemic) by detecting the level of expression of endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP-II) and comparing to a control. An increase of EMAP-II indicates the presence of traumatic brain injury and a decrease of EMAP-II indicates the presence of ischemic brain injury.

Abstract: The present invention identifies biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury and/or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

Abstract: A diagnostic tool and method of diagnosing brain injury and brain injury type (traumatic vs. ischemic) by detecting the level of expression of endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP-II) and comparing to a control. An increase of EMAP-II indicates the presence of traumatic brain injury and a decrease of EMAP-II indicates the presence of ischemic brain injury. Detection of EMAP-II can be done in brain tissue, biofluids such as cerebrospinal fluid or blood (including plasma and serum).

Abstract: Novel, sensitive and specific markers for diagnostics and monitoring of liver injuries, including, but not limited to ischemic liver damage, are provided. This includes identification several enzymes of arginine/urea/nitric oxide cycle, sulfuration enzymes and spectrin breakdown related products, among others.

Abstract: Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) decreased in tissue and increased in biological fluids after neural injury from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Significant decreases of CRMP1, CRMP2, CRMP4 and CRMP5 were accompanied by the appearance of distinct 58 kDa (CRMP-2) or 55 kDa (CRMP-4) breakdown products from proteolytic cleavage by calpain. Synaptotagmin breakdown products were also associated with TBI and could be detected along with intact protein in human cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). Both biomarkers were detected in human biofluid and related to recovery from traumatic brain injury.

Abstract: The present invention identifies biomarkers that are diagnostic of nerve cell injury, organ injury, and/or neuronal disorders. Detection of different biomarkers of the invention are also diagnostic of the degree of severity of nerve injury, the cell(s) involved in the injury, and the subcellular localization of the injury.

Abstract: Traumatic insult to the brain leads to a degradation of low molecular weight of cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1) and generation of high molecular weight complexes in the cortex and hippocampus, as assessed by both N-terminal and C-terminal specific antibodies. The formation and release of CB1 oligomers was dramatically increased into CSF within 1 hour following traumatic brain insult. Novel CB1 receptor-based, prognostic markers of traumatic brain injury and other forms of brain injury are disclosed. A method of repopulating damaged neural cells by proliferation of a subgroup of neural progenitor cells is described. Targeting CB1 receptors for therapeutic neuroprotection in TBI is also disclosed.

Abstract: A diagnostic tool and method of diagnosing brain injury and brain injury type (traumatic vs. ischemic) by detecting the level of expression of endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP-II) and comparing to a control. An increase of EMAP-II indicates the presence of traumatic brain injury and a decrease of EMAP-II indicates the presence of ischemic brain injury.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the ex vivo diagnostic analysis of samples of bodily fluids, including exhaled breath and blood. The present invention uses nanostructure-based assemblies in combination with sensor technology to provide an efficient and accurate means for identifying the presence of a target analyte/biomarker in a sample of bodily fluid. In a preferred embodiment, the nanostructure-based assemblies of the present invention include detecting means such as RNA oligonucleotide chains or “apparatus” and releasable surrogate markers such as DMSO.