Abstract: A method includes forming a dielectric layer over an epitaxial source/drain region. An opening is formed in the dielectric layer. The opening exposes a portion of the epitaxial source/drain region. A barrier layer is formed on a sidewall and a bottom of the opening. An oxidation process is performing on the sidewall and the bottom of the opening. The oxidation process transforms a portion of the barrier layer into an oxidized barrier layer and transforms a portion of the dielectric layer adjacent to the oxidized barrier layer into a liner layer. The oxidized barrier layer is removed. The opening is filled with a conductive material in a bottom-up manner. The conductive material is in physical contact with the liner layer.

Abstract: A copolyester is formed by copolymerizing a depolymerized polyester and succinic acid. The depolymerized polyester includes depolymerized polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the depolymerized PET is formed by depolymerizing PET with ethylene glycol. The repeating unit of PET and the succinic acid have a molar ratio of 40:60 to 50:50. The repeating unit of PET and the ethylene glycol have a molar ratio of 100:100 to 100:500. The copolyester has a storage modulus of 1*104 Pa to 1*106 Pa at 80° C. The copolyester can be used in a hot melt adhesive.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single frequency fiber laser apparatus. The fiber laser apparatus includes a Faraday rotator mirror. A piece of erbium doped fiber is inside the laser cavity. A wavelength selective coupler is connected to the erbium doped fiber. A pump source is coupled via the wavelength selective coupler. At least one sub-ring cavity component and/or an absorb component are inserted into the cavity for facilitating suppressing laser side modes to create a single longitudinal mode fiber laser. A partial reflectance fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is used as the front cavity end for this fiber laser.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for encoding and decoding serial signals formed by a plurality of color lights, which is applied to an encoding/decoding system comprising an encoding device and a decoding device, and comprises steps of generating a driving signal corresponding to at least one first serial code set by the encoding device, so as to drive a multi-color LED to generate a plurality of color lights having different wavelengths and interval time of flash intervals; and receiving the color lights by the decoding device, decoding the color lights according to a decoding procedure of the decoding device for obtaining the first serial code set, and sending an actuation signal when determining that the first serial code set is identical to a second serial code set, so as to provide a variety of more sophisticated, safer and uneasy interfered encoding/decoding functions to various wireless control procedures.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for encoding and decoding serial signals formed by a plurality of color lights, which is applied to an encoding/decoding system comprising an encoding device and a decoding device, and comprises steps of generating a driving signal corresponding to at least one first serial code set by the encoding device, so as to drive a multi-color LED to generate a plurality of color lights having different wavelengths and interval time of flash intervals; and receiving the color lights by the decoding device, decoding the color lights according to a decoding procedure of the decoding device for obtaining the first serial code set, and sending an actuation signal when determining that the first serial code set is identical to a second serial code set, so as to provide a variety of more sophisticated, safer and uneasy interfered encoding/decoding functions to various wireless control procedures.

Abstract: The invention provides a hue adjusting device. When one color axis including different hues is being adjusted by the user, the hue adjusting device will rotate each of the different hue angles in different rotation angles. Accordingly, the color of an image adjusted by the invention will be smoother than the prior art. Namely, the image quality can be improved.

Abstract: This invention provides a dynamic image adjusting apparatus for dynamically adjusting the contrast of a first image signal which includes a plurality of pixels. The adjusting apparatus includes a first transformation module, an operation module, and a second transformation module. The first transformation module receives the first image signal for generating a plurality of adjusting signals, wherein each pixel of the first image signal corresponds to one of the plurality of adjusting signals. The operation module is coupled to the first transformation module and receives a first set of adjusting signals of the plurality of adjusting signals to generate a first gain curve. The second transformation module is coupled to the operation module and the first transformation module, and generates a second image signal according to the first gain curve and the plurality of adjusting signals.

Abstract: The invention discloses an image processing apparatus and an image processing method, for adjusting the contrast of an input image. The input image consists of plural pixels and each pixel has a respective input lightness. The apparatus can perform a normalization procedure on the pixels to obtain a respective normalized lightness of each pixel. In addition, the apparatus generates lightness statistics based on the pixels and determines plural threshold lightness based on the lightness statistics. According to the normalized lightness and the threshold lightness, the apparatus can change the lightness gain of a specific region of the input image dynamically, and thereby adjust the contrast of the input image.

Abstract: The invention discloses a hue dividing and judging device including a memory unit, a calculation module, and a judgment module. The memory unit is used for storing a look-up table, and the look-up table records N boundaries, wherein the N boundaries includes j+1 operative boundaries for defining j color areas. The calculation module is used for calculating the hue of each pixel of an input image. According to the look-up table, the judgment module is used for judging where the hue of each pixel falls within two of the operative boundaries, so as to judge that the hue of the pixel of the input image falls into which one of the color areas. Accordingly, if there are more operative boundaries recorded in the look-up table, the hue will be divided into more color areas, and the user will have more choices for adjusting the color of the input image.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a target gray level of a target pixel based on a spatial mask is provided. The target pixel is surrounded with N adjacent pixels; each of the N adjacent pixels respectively has an adjacent gray level. The method first multiplies the target gray level with a sharpness index to generate an amplified target gray level and respectively multiplies each of the adjacent gray level with an adjacent index to generate N modified adjacent gray levels. Then, the amplified target gray level and the N modified adjacent gray levels are added up to generate a first gray level sum. The method multiplies the first gray level sum with a multiplying parameter to generate a second gray level sum. At last, the method divides the second gray level sum by a dividing parameter to generate an adjusted gray level for the target pixel.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for dynamically adjusting the saturation of an image signal consisting of a plurality of pixels. The apparatus includes a first transformation module, an operation module, a gain module, an adjustment module and a second transformation module. The first transformation module transforms the pixels of the image signal into a plurality of intermediate signals, where each of the intermediate signals has a respective saturation value. The intermediate signals are adjusted in accordance with a gain signal determined by a histogram relative to the saturation distribution of the intermediate signals. The adjusted intermediate signals are transformed back into the pixels of the image signal, thereby the saturation of the image signal is adjusted.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of making a metal casing, including the following steps: (a) providing a roll of metal sheet; (b) sequentially pulling out a part of metal sheet from the roll of metal sheet; (c) etching a plurality of holes on the part of metal sheet; and (d) forming the part of metal sheet into the metal casing. Step (d) includes: implementing a surface treatment on the part of metal sheet and press forming the part of metal sheet into the metal casing. Therein the steps of the surface treatment and the press forming can be exchanged. Therefore, the method continuously makes the metal casing and avoids management problems of intermediate products induced in the process of a traditional production.

Abstract: The invention discloses an image adjusting device. According to a certain color axis and a certain adjusting parameter selected by a user, the image adjusting device is used for adjusting a current image parameter (such as lightness or saturation). The image adjusting device of the invention is capable of providing different adjusting gains for adjusting the lightness or the saturation based on different color axes, such that the image can be displayed smoothly without any uneven lines. Consequently, the image quality can be improved.

Abstract: A plasma display panel is provided. The plasma display panel includes a front plate, a back plate, a shadow mask, and a first adhesive layer. The shadow mask is located between the front plate and the back plate. The first adhesive layer is formed between the shadow mask and the front plate. The shadow mask is adhered to the front plate via the first adhesive layer. Thus, noises generated during plasma discharge processes in the plasma display panel can be reduced.

Abstract: The invention provides a hue adjusting device. When one color axis including different hues is being adjusted by the user, the hue adjusting device will rotate each of the different hue angles in different rotation angles. Accordingly, the color of an image adjusted by the invention will be smoother than the prior art. Namely, the image quality can be improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to an image adjusting device applied to a display system. According to a color area selected by the user, the image adjusting device is used for adjusting the saturation (or the lightness) of the pixels of an input image. Accordingly, the user can clearly see the color included in the selected color area being located within which section of the image.

Abstract: The invention discloses a hue dividing and judging device including a memory unit, a calculation module, and a judgment module. The memory unit is used for storing a look-up table, and the look-up table records N boundaries, wherein the N boundaries includes j+1 operative boundaries for defining j color areas. The calculation module is used for calculating the hue of each pixel of an input image. According to the look-up table, the judgment module is used for judging where the hue of each pixel falls within two of the operative boundaries, so as to judge that the hue of the pixel of the input image falls into which one of the color areas. Accordingly, if there are more operative boundaries recorded in the look-up table, the hue will be divided into more color areas, and the user will have more choices for adjusting the color of the input image.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a degree of saturation of a target pixel is provided. In a first color space, the target pixel is represented by a brightness factor and a set of color factors. Based on the set of color factors, the method first generates an original saturation and a hue factor. Then, selectively according to the brightness factor, the hue factor, and the original saturation, an adjusting gain is generated. The method, according to this invention, multiplies the original saturation by the adjusting gain to generate a new saturation for the target pixel.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a target gray level of a target pixel based on a spatial mask is provided. The target pixel is surrounded with N adjacent pixels; each of the N adjacent pixels respectively has an adjacent gray level. The method first multiplies the target gray level with a sharpness index to generate an amplified target gray level and respectively multiplies each of the adjacent gray level with an adjacent index to generate N modified adjacent gray levels. Then, the amplified target gray level and the N modified adjacent gray levels are added up to generate a first gray level sum. The method multiplies the first gray level sum with a multiplying parameter to generate a second gray level sum. At last, the method divides the second gray level sum by a dividing parameter to generate an adjusted gray level for the target pixel.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for compensating a brightness error of a flat panel display that compensates the input gray levels under a fixed sustain frequency by an error diffusion compensation circuit. After the gray levels are inputted to the flat panel display, the brightness will be outputted and measured to obtain an actual output brightness, and an ideal output brightness corresponding to the input gray level is calculated according to the linear proportional relation between the input gray level and its ideal output brightness, and then a look up table is created according to the actual output brightness and the ideal output brightness, such that the look up table can be used to overcome the gray level error as well as the error between the actual output brightness and the ideal output brightness of the flat panel display.