Abstract: The present invention provides synthetic single guide RNAs that comprise two separate functional sequences (commonly known as crRNA and tracrRNA) connected by a linker. These synthetic single guide RNA molecules are useful in gene editing when used with RNA-guided endonucleases such as cas9 in eukaryotic cells. The availability of the synthetic single guide RNAs makes the screening for gene editing in high-through-put format simple and convenient.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions, and methods for optical, including fluorescence optical, determinations useful in labeling biomolecules such as protein and deoxyribonucleic acid for their detection and quantitation. The compounds are diastereomeric cyanines with high hydrophilicity and other desirable properties.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions, and methods for optical, including fluorescence optical, determinations useful in labeling biomolecules such as protein and deoxyribonucleic acid for their detection and quantitation. The compounds are diastereomeric cyanines with high hydrophilicity and other desirable properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of synthesizing phosphoramidite linkers that are useful for the production of synthesizing two or more oligonucleotides in tandem. The inventive linker has the following desirable properties: (i) enhanced stability to alkali conditions versus the linkers previously published, (ii) cleaves to produce 5? and 3? ends that are fully biologically compatible, (iii) cleaves completely under conditions that are already used in cleavage/deprotection processes so it is fully compatible with conditions that are common in laboratories and does not require additives that necessitate further purification after cleavage, (iv) integrates easily onto commercially available synthesizers because it is compatible with standard coupling chemistry, and (v) is compatible with DNA, RNA, forward, reverse, and LNA, synthesis chemistries. In addition, the inventive linkers may be coupled to a solid support. Thus, the inventive linkers provide a significant advancement in the state of the art.