Abstract: Described are peritoneal dialysis systems and methods that involve the use of crossflow filtration of a used dialysate withdrawn from the peritoneal space of a patient. The filtration forms a retentate containing amounts of an osmotic agent and a permeate containing amounts of water and nitrogen-containing waste products of the patient. The retentate, or a fraction thereof, can be returned to the peritoneal space of the patient to return osmotic agent to the patient. The permeate, or a fraction thereof, can be discarded to discard nitrogen-containing waste products of the patient.

Abstract: A patient may be treated by implanting a combined arterial venous fistula graft implant in a limb of the patient. The combined implant includes a body with a vessel segment in contact with an artery and a first tubular segment for attachment to an end of a vein to form an arterial venous fistula, and a second tubular segment with an attached segment of artificial tubing for attachment to the vein at a second location to form an arterial venous graft. The arterial venous graft may be exclusively used to form hemodialysis for a period of time after the implanting step, while the arterial venous fistula matures.

Abstract: A gastric bypass device may include a first portion with an opening sized for receiving GI contents within an esophagus of the gastrointestinal tract, where a proximal end of the first portion includes first diameter, and where the first portion includes a first stent for anchoring the proximal end of the first portion. The gastric bypass device may also include a second portion located distally of the first portion, where the second portion is in fluid communication with the first portion, and where the second portion has an enlarged section with a second diameter that is at least about 150% as large as the first diameter.

Abstract: Described are peritoneal catheter devices and methods for positioning these devices in a medical patient. The peritoneal catheter includes a catheter tube having a proximal end portion opposite a distal end portion, a stationary flange attached to the catheter tube near the distal end portion, and a mobile flange positioned on the catheter tube between the stationary flange and the proximal end portion. In use, the stationary flange is positioned to cover a hole in the rectus muscle and the mobile flange is selectively moved along the catheter tube to sandwich the rectus muscle of the patient between the stationary flange and the mobile flange. Optionally an interior cuff is mounted on the catheter tube adjacent to the stationary flange but between the stationary flange and the mobile flange and wherein the selectively positioning the mobile flange includes sandwiching the interior cuff between the stationary flange and the mobile flange.

Abstract: A patient may be treated by implanting a combined arterial venous fistula graft implant in a limb of the patient. The combined implant includes a body with a vessel segment in contact with an artery and a first tubular segment for attachment to an end of a vein to form an arterial venous fistula, and a second tubular segment with an attached segment of artificial tubing for attachment to the vein at a second location to form an arterial venous graft. The arterial venous graft may be exclusively used to form hemodialysis for a period of time after the implanting step, while the arterial venous fistula matures.

Abstract: Described are peritoneal dialysis systems and methods that involve the use of crossflow filtration of a used dialysate withdrawn from the peritoneal space of a patient. The filtration forms a retentate containing amounts of an osmotic agent and a permeate containing amounts of water and nitrogen-containing waste products of the patient. The retentate, or a fraction thereof, can be returned to the peritoneal space of the patient to return osmotic agent to the patient. The permeate, or a fraction thereof, can be discarded to discard nitrogen-containing waste products of the patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to medical devices for use in peritoneal dialysis and to methods of using such devices. One aspect of the invention provides a device including an elongated tubular member having a lumen extending from a proximal end to a distal end and a first expandable member positioned around the elongated tubular member at a first position. A second expandable member is positioned around the elongated tubular member at a second position distal of the first position. The wall of the elongated tubular member between the first and second expandable members is free of an opening providing a fluid path between the lumen and an exterior of the device. The elongated tubular member may be reinforced along at least a portion of its length.

Abstract: Described are peritoneal dialysis systems and methods that involve the use of first and second stage filtration of a used dialysate withdrawn from the peritoneal space of a patient. The first filtration stage forms a first retentate containing an osmotic agent and a first permeate containing water and nitrogen-containing waste products of the patient. The second filtration stage acts on the first permeate to form a second retentate containing nitrogen-containing waste products of the patient and a second permeate containing water. At least some of the water from the second permeate is combined with the first retentate to form a regenerated peritoneal dialysis medium containing an amount of the osmotic agent. The regenerated peritoneal dialysis medium can be returned to the peritoneal space of the patient.

Abstract: Described are peritoneal catheter devices and methods for positioning these devices in a medical patient. The peritoneal catheter includes a catheter tube having a proximal end portion opposite a distal end portion, a stationary flange attached to the catheter tube near the distal end portion, and a mobile flange positioned on the catheter tube between the stationary flange and the proximal end portion. In use, the stationary flange is positioned to cover a hole in the rectus muscle and the mobile flange is selectively moved along the catheter tube to sandwich the rectus muscle of the patient between the stationary flange and the mobile flange. Optionally an interior cuff is mounted on the catheter tube adjacent to the stationary flange but between the stationary flange and the mobile flange and wherein the selectively positioning the mobile flange includes sandwiching the interior cuff between the stationary flange and the mobile flange.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a dialysis device for peritoneal dialysis. The device comprises a proximal tubular portion comprising a plurality of proximal lumens and a distal tubular portion comprising a plurality of independent tubes. Each independent tube has a distal lumen that is in fluid communication with one of the proximal lumens for delivery and retrieval of dialysis solution. The independent tubes are individually flexible and positionable with in the patient's body to aid in enhanced retainment of the device. The device also comprises one or more coatings. The coatings may be disposed on the entire device or a portion of the device to aid in reducing inflammation, irritation, leaking, or infection experienced during peritoneal dialysis.