Abstract: Activated carbon (for example medicinal carbon), which has long been used for adsorbing and removing harmful substances from the digestive system, has the drawback of causing constipation, and the production of a spherical adsorbent carbon that is believed to overcome this drawback from a petroleum-based hydrocarbon requires a complicated production process. These issues can be addressed by an oral adsorbent, a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for kidney disease, and a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for liver disease, containing a fibrous carbonaceous substance obtained by carbonizing cotton fiber. The issues can also be addressed by an oral adsorbent, a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for kidney disease, and a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for liver disease, containing a fibrous carbonaceous substance having a twisted hollow ribbon-like structure.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for preparing specific sized particles, the system comprising a continuous stir tank reactor adapted to receive reactants; a centrifugal dispenser positioned downstream from the reactor and in fluid communication with the reactor; a particle separator positioned downstream of the dispenser; and a solution stream return conduit positioned between the separator and the reactor. Also provided is a method for preparing specific sized particles, the method comprising introducing reagent into a continuous stir reaction tank and allowing the reagents to react to produce product liquor containing particles; contacting the liquor particles with a centrifugal force for a time sufficient to generate particles of a predetermined size and morphology; and returning unused reagents and particles of a non-predetermined size to the tank.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for preparing specific sized particles, the system comprising a continuous stir tank reactor adapted to receive reactants; a centrifugal dispenser positioned downstream from the reactor and in fluid communication with the reactor; a particle separator positioned downstream of the dispenser; and a solution stream return conduit positioned between the separator and the reactor. Also provided is a method for preparing specific sized particles, the method comprising introducing reagent into a continuous stir reaction tank and allowing the reagents to react to produce product liquor containing particles; contacting the liquor particles with a centrifugal force for a time sufficient to generate particles of a predetermined size and morphology; and returning unused reagents and particles of a non-predetermined size to the tank.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved type of fluorinated carbon (CFx) for use in electrical storage devices such as batteries and capacitors. The CFx is coated with a conductive material such as gold or carbon using vapor deposition. The resulting material exhibits better conductivity with concomitant lower impedance, higher electrical stability, and improved potential throughout the useful life of the device, as compared to uncoated CFx. The improved conductivity reduces the amount of nonactive material (e.g., carbon black) that needs to be added, thus improving the volumetric energy density. In addition, cells made with the subject CFx exhibit more constant voltages and higher overall voltage (2.0 volts with a lithium metal anode) throughout their useful life. Chemical or physical vapor deposition techniques to deposit a variety of metals or carbon may be used to create the improved CFx. The coated CFx may be used in primary or secondary batteries, as well as capacitors and hybrid devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved type of fluorinated carbon (CFx) for use in electrical storage devices such as batteries and capacitors. The CFx is coated with a conductive material such as gold or carbon using vapor deposition. The resulting material exhibits better conductivity with concomitant lower impedance, higher electrical stability, and improved potential throughout the useful life of the device, as compared to uncoated CFx. The improved conductivity reduces the amount of nonactive material (e.g., carbon black) that needs to be added, thus improving the volumetric energy density. In addition, cells made with the subject CFx exhibit more constant voltages and higher overall voltage (2.0 volts with a lithium metal anode) throughout their useful life. Chemical or physical vapor deposition techniques to deposit a variety of metals or carbon may be used to create the improved CFx. The coated CFx may be used in primary or secondary batteries, as well as capacitors and hybrid devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved type of fluorinated carbon (CFx) for use in electrical storage devices such as batteries and capacitors. The CFx is coated with a conductive material such as gold or carbon using vapor deposition. The resulting material exhibits better conductivity with concomitant lower impedance, higher electrical stability, and improved potential throughout the useful life of the device, as compared to uncoated CFx. The improved conductivity reduces the amount of nonactive material (e.g., carbon black) that needs to be added, thus improving the volumetric energy density. In addition, cells made with the subject CFx exhibit more constant voltages and higher overall voltage (2.0 volts with a lithium metal anode) throughout their useful life. Chemical or physical vapor deposition techniques to deposit a variety of metals or carbon may be used to create the improved CFx. The coated CFx may be used in primary or secondary batteries, as well as capacitors and hybrid devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved type of fluorinated carbon (CFx) for use in electrical storage devices such as batteries and capacitors. The CFx is coated with a conductive material such as gold or carbon using vapor deposition. The resulting material exhibits better conductivity with concomitant lower impedance, higher electrical stability, and improved potential throughout the useful life of the device, as compared to uncoated CFx. The improved conductivity reduces the amount of nonactive material (e.g., carbon black) that needs to be added, thus improving the volumetric energy density. In addition, cells made with the subject CFx exhibit more constant voltages and higher overall voltage (2.0 volts with a lithium metal anode) throughout their useful life. Chemical or physical vapor deposition techniques to deposit a variety of metals or carbon may be used to create the improved CFx. The coated CFx may be used in primary or secondary batteries, as well as capacitors and hybrid devices.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a raw material alloy powder that can be utilized effectively in the regeneration of surplus or defective R--Fe--B type sintered magnets while leaving the main phase crystal grains alone, and a method for manufacturing an R--Fe--B type magnet. Surplus or defective R--Fe--B type sintered magnets are pulverized, acid washed, and dried, after which this product is subjected to a calcium reduction treatment and washed to remove the calcium component, which allows a raw material alloy powder composed of an Nd.sub.2 Fe.sub.14 B main phase system, which contributes the most to magnet characteristics, to be regenerated efficiently. An alloy powder for compositional adjustment that improves sintering and adjusts the composition is added to this main phase system raw material alloy powder to produce a sintered magnet, which facilitates the manufacture of a sintered magnet with superior magnet characteristics.

Abstract: A powder for producing permanent magnets, comprising a blend of powders [A] and [B] or [C] wherein:alloy powder [A] has an R.sub.2 Fe.sub.14 B phase and contains, in atomic percent, from 11 to 13% of at least one rare element, R, inclusive of Y, from 4 to 12% of B, and the balance Fe; or optionally, said powder has an R.sub.2 (Fe,Co).sub.14 B phase, an R.sub.2 (Fe,Ni).sub.14 B phase or an R.sub.2 (Fe,Co,Ni).sub.14 B phase, containing at least one selected from the group consisting of 10% or less of Co and 3% or less of Ni as a partially substitute for Fe;powder [B] is an intermetallic compound having an intermetallic compound phase of R with Fe or Co inclusive of an R.sub.