Abstract: A method including: acquiring present output current values of photovoltaic strings included in a photovoltaic array that, wherein includes at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel; determining a target abnormality score predicting model based on the present output current values. Determining a present abnormality score corresponding to the photovoltaic array by inputting the present output current values into the target abnormality score predicting model; and determining the operating state of the photovoltaic array by comparing the present abnormality score with a target abnormality score. The present abnormality score is output by inputting the present output current values acquired in real-time into the abnormality score predicting model, so as to determine the operating state of the photovoltaic array.

Abstract: A method including: acquiring present operating state data of a photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array includes at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel, and the present operating state data includes present output current values of the photovoltaic strings and present irradiances corresponding to the photovoltaic strings. Determining present characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array based on the present operating state data, wherein the present characteristic parameters include a present characteristic current value, a present current discrete rate and the present irradiances; and determining an operating state of the photovoltaic array by comparing the present characteristic parameters with standard characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recognizing an operating state of a photovoltaic string. The method includes: calculating a theoretical power and a theoretical maximum short-circuit current of a photovoltaic string under a current operating condition; calculating a typical year theoretical power and a typical year maximum short-circuit current of the photovoltaic string; and establishing standard state parameters of the photovoltaic string based on the theoretical power, the theoretical maximum short-circuit current, the typical year theoretical power, and the typical year maximum short-circuit current of the photovoltaic string. The method further including acquiring operating state parameters of the photovoltaic string under the current operating condition; and determining the operating state of the photovoltaic string by comparing the operating state parameters of the photovoltaic string with the corresponding standard state parameters of the photovoltaic string.

Abstract: A method including: acquiring present operating state data of a photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array includes at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel, and the present operating state data includes present output current values of the photovoltaic strings and present irradiances corresponding to the photovoltaic strings. Determining present characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array based on the present operating state data, wherein the present characteristic parameters include a present characteristic current value, a present current discrete rate and the present irradiances; and determining an operating state of the photovoltaic array by comparing the present characteristic parameters with standard characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array.

Abstract: A method including: acquiring present operating state data of a photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array includes at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel, and the present operating state data includes present output current values of the photovoltaic strings and present irradiances corresponding to the photovoltaic strings. Determining present characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array based on the present operating state data, wherein the present characteristic parameters include a present characteristic current value, a present current discrete rate and the present irradiances; and determining an operating state of the photovoltaic array by comparing the present characteristic parameters with standard characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a system stores a plurality of matrices. The system determines each relationship between a customer and an enterprise, wherein the enterprise comprises a plurality of customers having at least one relationship with the enterprise. The system generates a relationship flow matrix that includes customer relationship transitions with the enterprise during a first time period. The system calculates a probability of a change in the customer relationship with the enterprise according to a plurality of snapshots of the relationship flow matrices. The system generates a transition probability matrix based on the probability of the change in the customer relationship occurring. The system determines a current number of customers in each relationship with the enterprise. The system generates a current distribution matrix based on the current number of customers in each relationship with the enterprise.